2023年12月4日發(作者:安全學習)

要求目的蛋白中不能含有信號肽酶切割序列:glu-lys-arg-glu-ala-glu-ala。信號肽的切除分為兩步:kex2在glu-lys-arg和glu-ala-glu-ala之間初步切除,STE123在兩個glu-ala之間切割。
以pPIC9K為例,pPIC9K是用于在畢赤酵母中的多拷貝整合分泌表達蛋白的穿梭載體,利用組氨酸缺陷型標記進行互補篩選。
一、信號肽的2步切割
pPIC9K載體帶有自身信號肽,在分泌過程中被切除,但是由于切割效率,在目的產物N端帶有3-5個左右的信號肽的氨基酸。
設計引物時,為了防止切割不完全,能去掉GluAla兩個重復單位,不過文獻報道多個Glu會提高kex2的切割效率。
要求目的蛋白中不能含有信號肽酶切割序列:glu-lys-arg-glu-ala-glu-ala。
信號肽的切除分為兩步:kex2在glu-lys-arg和glu-ala-glu-ala之間初步切除,STE123在兩個glu-ala之間 切割。
二、是否在3' 端是帶上一些其本來的序列?
1,首先,你要保證表達后細胞內信號肽酶能正確識別原來的位點,即此位點是不能隨便增減的,否則信號肽不能正常切割,在這個基礎上你再決定3' 端其本來序列的去留。
2,一般5'端多出一些氨基酸不會明顯影響到你的目的蛋白的活性,我們平時在做酵母表達時,信號肽切割后,目的蛋白往往有幾個多余的AA,這對活性好象沒什么影響,雖然如此,但你還得注意多余AA的性質,不能過酸或過堿。
三、重組pPIC9K/GS115表達出目的條帶后,
確定信號肽是否切除完全的方法:
1、N端測序
2、先查查你的氨基酸序列里有沒有糖基化位點,如果有就只能N端測序了。如果沒有,看分子量大小。
信號肽中有kex2和ste13兩個酶切位點,現在擔心的是kex2的位點酶切完全了,但ste13的兩個酶切位點glu, ala重復序列沒有切干凈,如果這兩個氨基酸沒有切除完全的話,分子量差異不大,兩個氨基酸的差異應該看不出來,一般來說,N端多一兩個AA應該對蛋白的活性沒有太大影響。western檢測有兩個條帶的問題,可能是目的蛋白有一部分被降解了。
四、附:信號肽切割原理和優化切割
《Expression of Your Recombinant Protein with a Native N-terminus》
If you wish to have your protein expresd with a native N-terminus, you should clone
your gene flush(直接地) with the Kex2 cleavage site. U PCR to rebuild the quence from the Xho I site
at bp 1184-1189 to the arginine codon at nucleotides 1193-1195. Remember to include the first amino
acid of your protein, if necessary, for correct fusion to the Kex2 cleavage site.
Signal Sequence Processing
The processing of the α-factor signal quence in pPICZα occurs in two steps:
1. The preliminary cleavage of the signal quence by the KEX2 gene product,
final Kex2 cleavage occurring between arginine and glutamine in the quence
Lys-Arg * Glu-Ala-Glu-Ala, where * is the site of cleavage.
2. The Glu-Ala repeats are further cleaved by the STE13 gene product.
Optimization of Signal Cleavage
In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, it has been noted that the Glu-Ala repeats are not necessary
for cleavage by Kex2, but cleavage after Glu-Lys-Arg may be more efficient when
followed by Glu-Ala repeats. A number of amino acids are tolerated at site X instead of
Glu in the quence Glu-Lys-Arg-X. The amino acids include the aromatic amino acids,
small amino acids, and histidine. Proline, however, will inhibit Kex2 cleavage. For more
information on Kex2 cleavage, plea e (Brake et al., 1984).
There are some cas where Ste13 cleavage of Glu-Ala repeats is not efficient, and Glu-
Ala repeats are left on the N-terminus of the expresd protein of interest. This is
generally dependent on the protein of interest.
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