贛縣客家文化城講解詞

2024年2月21日發(作者：周記400字左右)

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贛縣客家文化城講解詞

尊敬的各位領導、各位來賓：

大家好！歡迎各位在這個臍橙飄香的美好時節來到贛南，來到第三屆中國贛州國際臍橙節的展示展銷區所在地——贛縣。我是本次講解員。。。在此對各位嘉賓的到來表示熱烈的歡迎！

現在我們要參觀的是客家文化城。客家文化城位于贛縣縣城東南面，南依逶迤而過的貢江水，對望風水祖師楊救貧隱居地楊仙嶺，山、水、城相互映襯，是一個得天地之靈氣的風水寶地。我們眼前看到的這個牌坊是“三和坊”，寓意天、地、人和諧。三和坊石柱上共鐫刻著6幅對聯，全部為名家手筆，內容反映追念先民、緬懷祖德、傳承客家薪火、再創客家輝煌的深刻內涵。

文化城的整體設計是外方內圓，依中軸線對稱布置。前方我們看到的是登高臺。登上此臺寓意層層向上、步步登高的美好祝愿，三層分別代表了天、地、人三者。它的設計原理和北京的天壇一樣，站在正中間說話可以聽到自己的回聲，各位嘉賓可以試試。

客家人不僅遵從自然，而且還非常尊敬自己的祖先。前方我們看到的就是客家人祭拜祖先的客家宗祠。宗祠的兩旁各有兩扇小門，上面寫著“經文”、“緯武”、“入孝”、“出弟”。“經文”、“緯武”體現客家人崇文尚武并且能文能武；“入孝”、“出弟” 出自孔子在論語中的一句話：入則孝，出則弟。體現客家人在家孝敬父母在外出人頭地的美好祈愿。平時宗祠都是開側門，來了貴賓才開正門。

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正門上面的宗祠祠名由原全國政協副主席葉選平先生所題寫。步入宗祠映入我們眼簾的是照壁上的這個金福，它書畫合一，意境深遠，原題寫在千年客家古村——白鷺古民宅照壁上，人稱“客家第一福”。這個福字由三種動物組成，請各位嘉賓可以猜一猜是哪三種動物？

左上方是一只深情的回頭鹿，鹿頭和鹿角都非常形象，“鹿”通諧音寓意功名利祿和高官厚祿；左下方是一只展翅側飛的蝙蝠，“蝠”通諧音寓意福氣、幸福；右上方是一只駕著祥云的仙鶴，“鶴”自古以來都有長壽的寓意。三種動物合在一起寓意福祿壽三星高照。為什么最后這個“田”字卻工工整整呢？客家人傳統的觀念里，田乃福之源，有不變的田才有恒久的福.各位貴賓不妨摸摸這個福字，沾沾福氣，把福氣帶回家。祝各位吉祥如意！

談到客家，很容易聯想到客家人極具特色的建筑，尤其以圍屋為代表的客家民居。客家圍屋有圓圍、方圍和圍龍屋三種形式。我們現在看到的是一個以廣東梅州為代表的圍龍屋。客家圍屋具有兩個特征，一是防御性很強；二是聚居性很強。客家圍屋一般是以一個家族或者姓氏居住在一起。

往前走，便是總長100米的客家藝術長廊，它借用了客家古代風雨橋的建筑風格，一方面是溝通兩岸的連接物，另一方面也是供來往行人避雨、休息的最好場所。長廊分八個篇章用藝術的手法反映了客家人生誕、成長、求學、婚嫁、生產、生活、仕官等情景。這個是舞龍舞獅，它是我國獨具特色的民間娛樂活動，每逢元宵佳節或集會慶典，民間都請舞龍舞獅前來助興。這個是采茶戲，它具有濃郁的鄉2

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土氣息和客家特色，唱腔優美動聽、語言詼諧幽默，表演以靈巧的高矮步、扇子花、單長水袖載歌載舞，被譽為“中國戲曲百花園中的一朵奇葩”。這個是客家婚禮，客家婚俗從相親、戀愛到成親，整個過程都是極為有趣的。相親須有媒人提親說媒，然后要見雙方父母，出嫁時要哭嫁。新娘在進門時由新郎牽進廳堂踩米篩、拜高堂等等，晚上還有鬧洞房的習俗。婚后第三天新郎新娘還要“轉門”拜見女方家的父母、兄妹。如果大家仔細看的話，可以看到很多的婦女勞動形象，因為客家婦女也是主要勞動力，而且她們要承擔大部份的勞作。正因如此，才會有娶妻當娶客家女這一說。在藝術墻的這一面是客家詩墻，是歷代名賢詠贛南的詩文薈萃。（簡單介紹三首詩）。

前面看到的圓形建筑物就是客家圓圍，在贛南主要以方圍為主，比較有代表性的就是龍南的關西圍、燕翼圍。這個圓圍參照的是閩西的圓圍設計。戲臺上表演的是贛南采茶戲和客家歌舞。

各位嘉賓，現在就請跟隨我一起參觀本屆臍橙節展示展銷區。

整個展區圍繞贛縣客家文化城呈環形分布，由四大展區組成：1.贛州臍橙產業展區， 2.贛南客家文化展區；3.贛縣客家美食展區；4、贛縣特色產品展區。

臍橙產業展區主要展出贛南臍橙果品和名特優農副產品、贛南茶葉茶藝以及贛南臍橙生產資料、機械設備和包裝物流電子交易；這個展區是一條客家文化街，它以“客家”為靈感，全部采用仿古建筑，青磚灰瓦，門窗均以實木由資深工匠精心雕刻而成，將客家建筑馬頭墻、雨篷、屋頂等元素，融入建筑群體之中。整條客家文化街蘊含著3

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客家文化痕跡，展示了古色古香的街市風情，洋溢著祥瑞和諧的氛圍。

贛南客家文化展區主要展出贛南的特色文化以及名俗特色；同時還有贛州福雷斯動漫公司出品的臍橙尋寶記動漫系列產品展。贛南客家美食展展出贛南各地傳統風味小吃，各位嘉賓可以憑美食券盡情品嘗和領略贛南的客家美食。贛縣特色產品展區主要展示贛縣特色產品。現在我們來到的是方圍貴賓接待區，各位嘉賓可在這里休息。

參觀線路：

文化城大門口——登高臺(八卦臺)——客家宗祠(一進廳)——客家圍屋院子——贛南客家民俗百態圖——詩詞楹聯墻——客家圍屋——贛南臍橙包裝、物流、電子交易展區——贛南茶業、茶藝展區——方圍(嘉賓休息區)

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A Commentary on Hakka Cultural City in Gan County

Dear leaders, our distinguished guests：

Welcome to Ganan in the time when navel oranges nd forth

fragrance. Welcome to Gan County, where is the host city of commodities

part about the Third International Navel Orange Festival in Ganzhou of

China. I am your guide. Allow me to express my warm welcome to our

distinguished guests.

Now we are going to visit the city of Hakka culture. The city of

Hakka culture situated in southeast of the downtown of Gan county. It

locates in the south of Gong River winding its way along, and in the

opposite there is the Yangxianling Mountain, where is the cret living

place for Yang Jiuping, the founder of geomantic art. With the mountain,

river, and city around, the city of Hakka culture is a valuable land

absorbing the nimbus of the univer with a good geomantic omen. The

memorial arch in front of us is called Sanhe Fang, with the meaning of

the harmonious of the heaven, earth, and human. There are six vertical

written couplet engraved on the stelae of Sanhe Fang. All this

handwritings came from celebrities, riches in the meaning of in memory

of ancient, recalling the virtual of old generation, passing the Hakka

culture from generation to generation, achieving more glorious results.

the cultural city is designed as Square concentric with an inner circle. In

front of us, we will e the ascendant platform, with the good wishes of

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the floor raising upward and getting higher step by step. Three floors

stand for the heaven, earth, and human distinctively. The concept of

design is in accordance with the Temple of Heaven in Beijing that we can

hear the echo of us when we stand in the middle of it. We can have a try.

Hakka people not only stand by nature, but also respect their

ancestor very much. What we e in front of us is Hakka ancestral hall, a

place to worship their ancestor. There are two small doors beside the

ancestral hall, witted with the words of “jingwen”,“weiwu”,

“ruxiao”,“chudi”. The words of “jingwen” and “weiwu” embody Hakka

people's virtue of appreciating civil and military, and masters both

literature and military affairs. The words of “ruxiao” and “chudi” comes

from a ntence in Analects of Confucius by Confucius: ru ze xiao, chu ze

di, which reflects the good wishes of Hakka people that respecting

parents in home and standing out among their fellows outside. The portal

of the ancestral hall in stead of the side door usually will not be open

unless distinguished guest arrives.

The name of the ancestral hall above was inscribed by Ye Xuanping,

who ud to be vice chairman of Chine People's Political Consultative

Conference. When we enter into the ancestral hall, we could e a golden

Chine character: “Fu”, which means happiness. It combines the art of

painting and calligraphy, and contains far-reaching meanings. The

original model of this Chine character was written on the screen of an

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ancient hou in Hakka ancient village named egrets, which has a history

of one thousand year. This Chine character is called "the first blessing

in Hakka ", and it is made up of three animals, Ladies and gentlemen,

could you guess which three animals are they?

At the upper left is a lenient deer turning round its head, its head and

antlers are very vivid, and in Chine language, "deer" have the same

pronunciation with “rich”, which implies high official positions and

riches; at the lower left is a flying bat, and "bat" also implies happiness;

at the upper right is a flying Red-crowned crane, "crane" contains the

meaning of longevity since ancient times. Putting the three kinds of

animals together means happiness, rich, and longevity. Why is the last

Chine character “tian" neatly written？Which means “field"? Becau

the “field" is the source of happiness in Hakka traditional ideas. Only

unchanged field could bring permanent happiness. Ladies and gentlemen,

you could touch this Chine character and bring happiness back home.

Wish all of you good luck!

When we talk about Hakka, it is easy to associate Hakka with its

special architecture, especially the round hou as a reprentative that

Hakka lived in. there are three kinds of style in Hakka round hou such

as the round hou, square round hou and dragon round hou, what we

e now is a dragon round hou as in Meizhou of Guangdong Province,

as a reprentative of the dragon round hou. Hakka round hou has

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two characteristics, one is strong defensive; the other is gregarious. The

residents in Hakka round hou are usually family members or the

members own the same family name.

Go ahead there is the Hakka art corridor that has the total length of

100 meter. The Hakka art corridor borrows the architectural style of

ancient Hakka Shelter Bridge. On the one hand, it is the link that connects

both sides of the bridge; on the other hand, it provides the passing people

with the best place to take shelter from rain and to rest. The art corridor

includes eight ctions to reflect the scene of birth, growing up, study,

marriage, working, living and promotion about Hakka people. This

performance is called dragon and lion dance, which is the distinguishing

local recreational activity. Whenever it comes to the Lantern Festival or

asmbly and ceremony, the dragon and lion dance will be invited by

local people for entertainment. This is called tea-leaf picking opera,

which has the rich local color and Hakka characters. The singing is

pleasant to the ears, and the words are humorous. The performance is

includes Dwarf Footwork, Fan Dance, and single shaking sleeves. It is

praid as gold in Chine traditional opera. This is the Hakka wedding,

which is very interesting from the period of blind date, amativeness to

marriage. At the period of blind date, a matchmaker is needed for

matchmaking, and then the newlyweds need to e both parents, at last,

the bride will cry with tears in wedding. When the bride enters into the

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hall, she will be leaded by the bridegroom to step on rice sieve, bow to

mutual parents and so on, on wedding night, the guests would like to

tea the bride and the bridegroom as a custom. On the third day after

wedding, the bride and groom will come back to meet the bride’s parents,

brothers and sisters. If you pay more attention to the pictures, you could

find a lot of laboring women image, for the Hakka women is also the

main labor force, what’s more, they would take most of the work.

Becau of this, there is an old saying that nothing is better than to marry

a Hakka girl. This side of the art wall is called the Hakka poem wall;

there are plenty of poems written by famous people in history eulogizing

Gannan. (Introduce three poems simply).

The round building we can e in front of us is the Hakka round

hou. The main kind of round hou in Gannan is the square round

hou, especially the Guanxi round hou and YanYi round hou in

LongNan county, which are considered as reprentative. This round

hou referred to the design of Minxi round hou. Now the performance

acting on the stage is Gannan Caicha Opera and hakka song and dance.

Ladies and gentlemen, now plea follow me to visit this year’s

navel oranges exhibition area.

The whole area is circular distributed around the Gan County Hakka

cultural city, and it is made up of four exhibition area: 1. Ganzhou navel

oranges industry area, 2. Gannan Hakka culture exhibition area; 3. Gan

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County Hakka Food Exhibition area; 4. Gan County feature products

exhibition area.

The main exhibit in navel oranges industry area are as follows:

Gannan navel oranges, famous subsidiary agricultural products, Gannan

tea and tea art, Gannan navel oranges production material, mechanical

equipment and packing logistics electronic trading; This exhibition area is

a Hakka culture street, it imitates "Hakka" feature and adopt the method

of antique buildings with black brick and gray tiles. besides, doors and

Windows are made of real wood and carved meticulously by nior

craftsmen, the buildings blend in Hakka architecture futures like hor

head walls, rain awning, roof and other elements, this Hakka culture

street follows the traces of Hakka culture, showing the classical scenery

of the market and be filled with auspicious and harmonious atmosphere.

Gannan Hakka cultural Exhibition mainly exhibits the special culture

and the characteristic of folk-custom in Gannan. Meanwhile, there is a

ries of animation production show of Navel Orange Looking for

Treasures produced by Ganzhou Forai Animation Company. Gannan

Hakka gourmet Exhibition exhibits traditional local flavor snacks in

Gannan. You can taste this Hakka gourmet if you show your food

coupons. Gan County characteristic products Exhibition mostly exhibit

characteristic products in Gan County. Now we are in square round hou,

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it is the reception area for honored guests. We can have a rest here.

Visit line:

The front door of culture city--- The ascendant platform (the Eight

Diagrams platform)---Hakka ancestral hall (enter into the hall)---the

Hakka round hou yard --- Gannan Hakka folk-custom picture---poetry

and couplets wall---Hakka round hou --- Gannan navel oranges packing,

logistics, electronic trading area --- Gannan tea and tea art exhibition area

--- square round hou (reception area for guest).

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