2024年3月14日發(作者:醫工院)

(完整版)高中語法之常用時態語態詳解
第四章 時態和語態
一.動詞的時態
英語時態用共有十六種時態,其中常用的有8種,它們是:一般現在時、一般過去時、一般
將來時、現在進行時、現在完成時、過去進行時、過去完成時和過去將來時.
時態
主動語態
具體形式
通式
肯定
肯定式
do/does
;
am/is/a
re
did
否定式
式
式
do/does
not do;
am/is/ar
e not
did not
d
o;
b
e
was/wer
do not
e done
do;
be not
否定
肯定式
被動語態
具體形式
通式
肯定
否定式
式
am/is/a
am/is/a
re not
re done
done
be
done
否定
式
一般現
在時
一般過
去時
;
was/wer
do;
e
was/were
not
will not
will
do;
do;
will be
will not
be
am/is/aam/is/ar
re e not
doing
doing
was/wer
e not
done
be
not
done
一般將
來時
will
will be
not be
注:be沒有被
done
done
動形式
現在進
行時
過去進
行時
將來進
行時
現在完
成時
過去完
成時
am/is/a
re
being
be be not
done
was/were doing
doing
was/wer
was/wer
not e being
e doing
doing
done
will be
doing
be
bein
g
done
注:be通常不用
于進行時
have/hahave/has
s done
not done
had
done
had not
done
have
done
have/ha
have/ha
s not
s been
have
been
have have
done
not
done
not been
been
done
had had not
done
done
been been
done
done
(完整版)高中語法之常用時態語態詳解
一。
般
將來完
在
成時
1。
成.
動
過去將
am
來時
現在完
成進行
時
will
have
done
would
do;
would
be
have/ha
s been
doing
will
have
been
done
would
not do;
would
not be
would
would
not be
be done
done
一
現
時.
構
be
詞:
is
are ; 其他動詞用動詞原形,當主語是第三人稱單數時要在謂語動詞后加“s",其變化規則與
名詞變復數一致。
2.用法. 1)。 經常性或習慣性的動作,常與表示頻度的時間狀語連用。如usually, always,
often, ldom, never, every..。,
eg. I leave home for school at 7 every morning。
I don't leave home for school at 7 every morning.
Do I leave home for school at 7 every morning?
He usually gets up early。
He doesn’t usually get up early。
Does he usually get up early?
2) 客觀真理,客觀存在,科學事實。
eg。 The earth moves around the sun.
The earth doesn’t move around the sun 否定句
Does the earth move around the sun? 疑問句
Shanghai lies in the east of China。
Shanghai doesn't lie in the east of China 否定句
Does Shanghai lie in the east of China? 疑問句
Water boils at 100 centigrade degrees。
3) 表示格言或警句中
eg。 Pride goes before a fall.
注意. 此用法如果出現在賓語從句中,即使主句是過去時,從句謂語也要用一般現在時.
eg. Columbus proved that the earth is round。。
4) 現在時刻的狀態、能力、性格、個性。既用于某些不用于進行時態的靜態動詞表示現在的
行為和狀態。
eg. She is shy. We love our country. Tom writes good English.
5) 某些動詞如 come, go, move, stop, leave, arrive, finish, continue, start 等,
在一般現在時句中可用來表示將來肯定會發生的動作。 按時刻表發生
eg. The train comes at 3 o'clock。
6) 在時間狀語從句或條件狀語從句中,一般現在時代替一般將來時。
eg。 I’ll help you as soon as you have problem。
Tell Xiao Li about it if you meet him.
7) 用于文章標題、故事介紹、實況解說等。
eg。 There is a piece of meat in the crow's mouth and the fox wants to eat it。
He puts the sugar in the cup.
二.一般過去時
1。 構成:be動詞用 was were ;其他動詞用動詞的過去式。
2。 用法:1). 表示過去某一時刻或某一段時間內所發生的動作或情況,通常一般過去式帶有
表示動作時間狀語的詞,詞組或從句,如 yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week,
two days ago 等,上下文清楚時可以不帶時間狀語。
eg. I worked in that factory last year.
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