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冠詞(教師版)
一、冠詞概述
二、不定冠詞a(an)的用法
A.不定冠詞a(an)用于單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前.a用于輔音字母開場(chǎng)的詞前;an用于元
音字母開場(chǎng)的詞前.如:agirlanEnglishbook
B.不定冠詞用來(lái)表示類別,指某一類人或某一類事物中的一個(gè)(泛指).如:
sinamiddleschoolinBeijing.
C.不定冠詞用于單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前,可以表示其全類(泛指).如:
AnEnglishteacherteachesthestudentshowtolearnEnglish.
三、定冠詞the的用法
①表示上文提到過(guò)的人或事物.
如:tionary
isverygood.
②用于單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前,表示整體或類別.
如:Thepandaisarareanimal.
此句等于:Apandaisarareanimal.=Pandasarerareanimals.
③用來(lái)表示世界上獨(dú)一無(wú)二的事物.
如:thesun,themoon,thesky,theearth,theworld
④用于表示階級(jí),黨派的名詞前.
如:theChinemunistParty,theworkingclasstheproletariat無(wú)產(chǎn)階
級(jí)
⑤常用于含有普通名詞或形容詞的專有名詞前.
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A.用于許多江海,山脈,群島等名詞前:
TheYellowRiverTheEastSeatheHimalayasthePacificOcean
B.用于由普通名詞構(gòu)成的國(guó)名:
ThePeople'sRepublicofChinatheUnitedStates
C.用于機(jī)關(guān),團(tuán)體,朝代,時(shí)代,報(bào)刊雜志等名詞前:
theUnitedNationstheStateCounciltheTangdynastythePeople'sDaily
theSummerPalacethePeaceHoteltheBritishMuum
⑥用于表示方位的名詞前.
如:theeastthesouthwestthemiddletheFarEastontheleft
⑦用于樂(lè)器名詞前,但漢語(yǔ)拼音的樂(lè)器前不用冠詞.
如:playthepianoplaytheviolinplayerhu
⑧用于復(fù)數(shù)的姓氏前,表示"兩夫婦"或"全家",在此情況下,這類名詞作復(fù)數(shù)對(duì)
待.如:Whenwegotthere,theLiuswerewaitingforus.
TheSmithswatchTVeveryday.
⑨用于某些形容詞或過(guò)去分詞前,表示一類人或事物.
如:thepoortherichthelivingtheyoung
thewoundedtheoppresdthebeautiful
⑩用在形容詞的最高級(jí)前或序數(shù)詞前.
如:Shanghaiisthebiggestcityinchina.
Afterthegame,thefirstthingtheywantedtodowastotakeahotbath.
四、零冠詞用法
①表示某一類人或事物的復(fù)數(shù)名詞前,不用冠詞.
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replantedeverywhere.
②不含普通名詞的專有名詞,表示泛指的物質(zhì)名詞和抽象名詞前,不用冠詞.We
avingforAmericathisyear.
alwaysstrongerthanhatred.
③名詞前有指示代詞,物主代詞,不定代詞或名詞所有格修飾,不用冠詞.Ilike
yourbook
Taketheirchairsaway!Idonothaveanymoneyonme.
Astimewenton,Einstein'stheoryprovedtobecorrect.
④季節(jié),月份,星期等名詞前,一般不用冠詞.
noclassonSaturday.
TheLongMarchstartedinOctober1934.
⑤表示只有一人擔(dān)任的職務(wù),頭銜的名詞前,不用冠詞.
Wehaveelectedhimourmonitor.
⑥三餐飯的名詞前,一般不用冠詞.
WhendoyouhavelunchAftersupperweusuallytakeawalk.
⑦節(jié)假日等名詞前,不用冠詞.
ChildrenallweartheirbestclothesonNationalDay.
PeoplegivegiftstoeachotheronChristmasDay.
注意:在eve后有of短語(yǔ)那么要加定冠詞:
ontheeveofNationalDayontheeveofNewYear'sDay
⑧球類和棋類運(yùn)動(dòng)的名詞前,不用冠詞.
playbasketballplaychess
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⑨作表語(yǔ)用表示程度的形容詞最高級(jí)前,不用冠詞.
第2/3頁(yè)
thodismosteffective.
注意:如果有比擬圍,形容詞最高級(jí)前必須加定冠詞:
Ofallmethods,thisisthemosteffective.
⑩在某些固定詞組里,名詞前不用冠詞.
onfootbytrain/boat/plane…infactasamatteroffact
inclassinchurchindangerinhospitalintown
inbedathomeatschoolatdaybreakatsunri
atduskatsuntatnightatnoongotoschool
gotoclassgotobedfrommorningtillnightfromvictorytovictoryfrom
doortodoor
五、本卷須知
①當(dāng)man作人類講時(shí),用零冠詞.Manwillconquernature.
②某些抽象名詞具體化時(shí)是可數(shù)名詞,其前可加,fire,joy,Heis
ngisafamousteainChina.③a用于
姓氏前表示某個(gè)只知道名字而不不熟悉的人.
AMrLiuiswaitingtoeyououtside.
④在某些句型中可加a
Itisapitythatyouhavemisdthechance.
Itisashame/apleasure/h.
⑤word作消息講時(shí),用零冠詞.Wordcamethathewouldgoabroad.
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冠詞強(qiáng)化訓(xùn)練
()1.______recentreportstatedthatthenumberofSpanishspeakersinthe
ehigherthanthenumberofEnglishspeakerby_____year2090.
A.A,theB.A,/,/,a
()oby______train,youcanhavequiteafortablejourney,butmake
sureyouget_____fastone.
A./,/B./,,aD./,/
()tensaidthat____teachershave_______veryeasylife.
A/,/B./,,/,a
()’trememberwhenexactlytheRobinsonsleft_____city,Ionlyremember
itwas______Monday.。
,theB.a,theC.a,,a
()rowupin______largefamily,youaremorelikelytodevelop
_____abilitytogetonwellwith______others.
A./,antheB.a,the,/,an,theD.a,the,the
(),Taylorhas___8-year-olddaughterwhohas_____giftforpainting–she
haswontwonationalprizes.
A.a,,,
()dson________rideto________CapitalAirport.
,./,aD./,the
()5,2005,at___WorldTableTennisChampionship,KongLinghuiandWangHao
wonthegoldmedalinmen’swith____scoreof4:1.
A.a,aB./theC.a,/,a
()______JohnLennon,butnot____famousone.
A./,aB.a,theC./,,a
()ktells____lifestoryofJohnSmith,wholeft_______schoolandworked
foranewspaperattheageof16.
,theB.a,./D.a,/
()uehereforyourholidaynexttime,don’tgoto_____hotel;Ican
findyou______bedinmyflat.
,,/C.a,theD.a,/
()uymorethanten,theywillknock20penceoff________.
()13.____on-goingdivisionbetweenEnglish–speakingCanadiansand
French-speakingCanadiansis_______majorconcernofthecountry.
,/,,,/
()left_____college,hegotajobas______reporterinanewspaper
office.
A./,aB/,,the
()15Themostimportantthingaboutcottoninhistoryis___partthatitplayed
in____IndustrialRevolution.
A./,/,/,theD.a,the
()ewasinvestigatingwaystimprovethetelescopeNewtonmade
_______discoverywhichpletelychanged____man’sunderstandingofcolor.
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A.a,/B.a,theC./,,a
()___worldofwonders,_____worldwhereanythingcanhappen.
.a,,aD./,/
()s______largercollectionof______booksthananyotherstudentin
ourclass.
,/B.a,/C.a,theD./,the
()ngtimetheywalkedwithoutsaying___thefirsttbreak
_____silence.
,aB.a,theC.a,/,/
()as____time_____Ihatedtgotoschool.
A.a,thatB.a,,,when
()ufinishreadingthebook,youwillhave______betterunderstanding
of______life.,
A.a,./,theD.a,/
()10dollars____hoursas____supermarketcashieronSaturday.
A.a,,,,the
()24Thesignreads"ineaof___fire,breaktheglassandpush_____redbutton〞
A./,aB./,,theD.a,a
()’tliketalkingon______telephone;Ipreferwriting____letter.
A.a,./,theD.A,/
()goutof____airplaneattenthousandfeetisquite_____exciting
experience.
A./,theB./,,the
()tounderstandthousandsofnewwordsingain_____goodknowledgeof
basicwordformation.
A./
()’dlikehave______thirdonebecau_____cond
oneisrathertoosmall.
A.a,.a,,a
()thitthesoliderandhewaswoundedin____leg.
()mthof_____sweaterwillofcourbedeterminedbythesortof
___woolud.
,,/C./,theD./,/
參考答案
1.Areport可數(shù)名詞,arecentreport一份近來(lái)的報(bào)告,是泛指;第二個(gè)空填the
表特指示2090年。
2.n乘火車,by在接交通工具類的同時(shí),一般不接冠詞,如bybike,byship;
根據(jù)句意第二個(gè)空應(yīng)該是泛指。
3.B.teachers此處用名詞復(fù)數(shù)表泛指,指一切教師;havea……life相當(dāng)于live/lead
a……life過(guò)一種、、、、、、樣的生活
4.hecity離開這座城市。aMonday一個(gè)星期一,表泛指。
family一個(gè)大家庭;theability此處表泛指"與別人相處好的能力〞;
others其他人表泛指。
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6.iftfor…有做、、、的天賦,相當(dāng)于haveatalentfor.
讓某人搭車,此處ride是可數(shù)名詞,表示"搭車〞。
ldTableTennisChampionship是專有名詞,由普通名詞構(gòu)成的專有名詞,
一般前面要加the;withascoreof……比分是……
ennon一個(gè)叫做JohnLennon的人,表泛指。
school畢業(yè)
11.ehotel去旅店;abed此處表泛指,"一個(gè)地方〞
12.ce此處表特指,"原價(jià)〞。
13.B.此句的意思是:在講英語(yǔ)的加拿大人和講法語(yǔ)的加拿大人之間的那種逐漸增長(zhǎng)的分歧
是這個(gè)國(guó)家一個(gè)主要擔(dān)憂的問(wèn)題。第一個(gè)空用the表特指;第二個(gè)空用a表泛指,泛
指主要是擔(dān)憂問(wèn)題中的一個(gè)。
ollege大學(xué)畢業(yè)
16.A,makeadiscovery有了一個(gè)發(fā)現(xiàn);man’sunderstandingofcolor人類對(duì)于顏色的
理解,在物主代詞,名詞所有格前,一般不用加冠詞,man用單數(shù)形式,前面不加冠
詞,可以表示"人類〞。
17ofwonders一個(gè)充滿奇跡的世界;第二個(gè)空aworld是前面的同位語(yǔ),
因此還依然用a表泛指
"一個(gè)A字型的小屋里〞根據(jù)句意第二個(gè)句子應(yīng)是對(duì)上文anshapedhou起同位語(yǔ)的用,
進(jìn)一步解釋說(shuō)明,所以還用a表泛指類別。
collectionof…一個(gè)較大的收集……books用復(fù)數(shù)此處表泛指。
"一個(gè)字〞;thesilence表特指此時(shí)此刻的"沉默〞
21.表示一段時(shí)間,when引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句修飾atime.
……對(duì)、、、、、有一種更好的理解。
表示"每小時(shí)〞;后一空中的a表示"一個(gè)〞
elephone為固定用法,而第二個(gè)空中的letters表示類別;
ne為可數(shù)名詞,anairplane表示泛指,而此處的experience表示"經(jīng)歷〞,
為可數(shù)名詞,anexcitingexperience意為"一次刺激的經(jīng)歷〞
27.C.當(dāng)某些不可數(shù)抽象名詞含義具體化,而被某些修飾詞修飾時(shí),前面要加不定冠詞。如
abettyunderstandingofthepassage,agoodknowledgeofEnglish.
"又一;再一〞時(shí),前面用不定冠詞修飾。
29.C此題考察習(xí)慣用法,構(gòu)造為動(dòng)詞+sb+介詞+the+身體的某個(gè)部位。
"一種毛衣的保暖性取決于所用的羊毛的種類〞,此處的thesweater不是表示特指,而是
表示種類;而第二個(gè)空中的thesortofwool=thewool,表示特指的某種。
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