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一般將來時時態
1.一般將來時的定義
一般將來時表示在現在看來即將要發生的動作或存在的狀態。常用時間副詞tomorrow,
soon或短語nextyear/week/month,inafewdays,inthefuture,sometime做狀語。如:
Whatwillyoudothisafternoon?你今天下午干什么?
Wewillhaveameetingtomorrow.我們明天要開會。
Heisgoingtostudyabroad(到國外)nextyear.明年他要出國學習。
2.一般將來時的結構及應用
(1)shall/will+動詞原形。表示即將發生的動作或存在的狀態。特別是表示客觀性的事情
或在某條件下要發生的事情,只能用此結構。如:
Whatshallwedoifhedoesn’tcome?如果他不來,我們該怎么辦?
Willyoubefreethivening?今天晚上有空嗎?
Ithinkhewilltellusthetruth(真相)。我想他會告訴我們真實情況的。
(2)begoingto+動詞原形。表示已經計劃或安排好了的事情,也可表示有跡象表明肯定要
發生的事情。如:
Wearegoingtohaveameetingtodiscuss(討論)thematterthivening.今天晚上開會討論
這件事情。
itisgoingtorainsoon.看一看那邊的烏云,我想天
要下雨了。
ThereisgoingtobeanEnglisheveningthisweek.本周要舉行一個英語晚會。
(3)be+現在分詞。表示即將發生的動作或存在的狀態。這個句型中動詞主要是瞬間動詞:
come,go,leave,arrive,begin,start,stop,clo,open,die,join,borrow,buy等。如:
Goahead,andI’mcoming.走前面一點吧,我就來。
Thedogisdying.那條狗要死了。
pisclosing.快點,商店就要關門了。
(4)一般現在時。表示一種嚴格按照計劃進行的動作。比方說,上課、飛機起飛、火車離
站等。如:
Don’tingstartsataquarterpasteight.不要匆忙,回憶八點過一刻開始。
Thebusgoesbackatfourthirty.汽車四點返回。
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鞏固練習:
一、用所給動詞的適當形式填空
ellsmehe_________________(visit)theGreatWall(長城)thisweekend.
er_________________(buy)meapairofnewtrourstomorrow.
sshe_________________(leave)soon.
_________________(go)skatingifitdoesn’trainnextSunday.
_________________(be)anEnglisheveningnextweek.
ver,andyou_________________(get)agoodidea.
7.——___________Jim___________(have)apicnicnextMonday?
——-No,he__________.
8.I_________________(miss)youafteryouleavehere.
_________________(teach)youEnglishnextyear
_________________(be)backinthreehours.
___________________(rain).
二、改錯:每處劃線中有錯誤,在題后改正
singanddancesforustomorrow.
goingtoswim?------Yes,Iwill.
helpJimwithhisEnglisheveryday.
rsistersingsasongformetomorrow?
lln’tplanttreesnextweek.
ygoingtoplaysbasketballtomorrow?
gotovisitthefactorytomorrow?
llbegoingtomakedumplingsforEmma.
boysgoingtotheGreatWallnextmonth?------Yes,theywill.
三、句型轉換:
llcleanthewindowsnextweek.
否定句:__________________________________________________________
一般疑問句:___________________________________________________________
兩回答:________________________________________________________
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特殊疑問句:___________________________________________________
四、選擇題
()1.—Areyougoingto_______ourEnglishteam?
—Yes,Iam.
()ndherteammatesare_______theUSAnextweek.
()_______anEnglishpartyinourclassnextweek.
()_______tomorrow,wewillgotothepark.
’’’’train
()______egoandwatchit?
“Wouldyouminddoing…”句型透視
mind用作動詞時,習慣后接動名詞(短語)作賓語,而不接動詞不定式,常用于Would
youminddoing…?句型中,具體用法是:
1.“Wouldyouminddoing…?”句型常用于表示請求,意思是“請你做……你是否介
意?、請你做……好嗎?”,是一種比較客氣的表達方式。如:
Wouldyoumindturningoffthelightintheroom?請你把房間里的燈關掉好嗎?
如果要表示“請你不要做……你是否介意?、請你不要做……好嗎?”,只需要在doing
前面加上not.如:
Wouldyoumindnotstandinginfrontofme?請你不要站在我的前面好嗎?
2.如果同意,表示不介意時,可用如下用語來表達:
Certainly/Ofcournot./Notatall./No,notatall;如果不同意,表示介意時,常用
“Sorry/I‘msorry.”(對不起)及陳述某種理由來表示拒絕或反對。如:
—Wouldyoumindgoingtothemoviesthivening?今晚去看電影好嗎?
—I‘ven’tfinishedmyhomeworkyet.
對不起,我的作業還沒有完成。
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學習時還要注意:
1.“Wouldyouminddoing…?”句型中的would也可用do代替,但語氣較生硬,不如用
would客氣。
2.“Wouldyouminddoing…?”句型中的邏輯主語只能是談話的對方you.如果想要對方
允許自己做某事,可用“Wouldyoumindmydoing…?”句型,如:
Wouldyoumindmysmokinghere?
你介意我在這里吸煙嗎?
鞏固練習:
一、用下面提供的短語完成句子。
washmyclothes
Wouldyoumind______________________________?
racupoftea
Wouldyoumind_______________________________?
mmendhiscar
Doyouhave_______________________________?
theroad
Wouldyoumind_______________________________ontheroad?
二、選擇題
()1.—Wouldyoumind_______usinthegame?
—Notatall.
gin
()2.—WouldyouliketoclimbmountainswithmethisSunday?
—I’_______playtabletennisagainstClassThree.
o
()3.—Wouldyoumind_______here?
—I’msorryaboutthat.I’llgosomewhereel.
ke
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hadbetter用法詳解
ter的基本用法特點
其意為“最好”、“應該”,后接動詞原形,與情態動詞should用法相似,其中的had通
常縮略為’d:
You’dbettergetsomesleep.你最好去睡一會兒。
Wehadbettergobeforeitrains.我們最好在下雨前就去。
ter如何構成否定式和疑問式
構成否定式時,通常將not置于hadbetter之后(而不是had之后);而構成疑問式時,
則通常將had(而不是hadbetter)置于主語之前:
I’dbetternotdisturbhim.我最好別去打擾他。
Whathadwebetterdo?我們最好怎么辦?
練習題
()1.—I’’dbettergotoeadoctor.
—_______
,’sagoodidea.
’sverykindofyou.D.I’msorrytohearthat.
()2.—I’ouldIdo?
—You’dbettereat_______meatand_______fruits.
;;;;more
()betteraskyourbrother_______’sbadforhim.
eitup
()4.—ouldIdo?
—You_______drinksweetwaterand_______eatsweetfood.
ternot;shouldn’;hadbetter
ter;n’t;should
()5.—Ihaveatoothache.
—Youshould_______.
est
oodsleep
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情態動詞的基本用法歸納
情態動詞有can(could),may(might),must,haveto,shall(should,will(would),need
(needed),oughtto等。情態動詞無人稱和數的變化;不能單獨使用,必須與其后的動詞原
形構成謂語。
一、can,could
1.表示能力(體力、知識、技能)。
Canyouliftthisheavybox?(體力)
Marycanspeakthreelanguages.(知識)
Canyouskate?(技能)
2.表示請求和允許。
-----CanIgonow?
-----Yes,youcan./No,youcan’t.
此時可與may互換。在疑問句中還可用could,might代替,不是過去式,只是語氣更
委婉,不能用于肯定句和答語中。
----CouldIcometoeyoutomorrow?
----Yes,youcan.(No,I’mafraidnot.)
3.表示客觀可能性(客觀原因形成的能力)。
They’vechangedthetimetable,sowecangobybusinstead.
Thishallcanhold500peopleatleast.
4.表示推測(驚訝、懷疑、不相信的態度),用于疑問句、否定句和感嘆句中。
Canthisbetrue?
Thiscan’tbedonebyhim.
Howcanthisbetrue?
二、may,might
1.表示請求和允許。might比may語氣更委婉,而不是過去式。否定回答時可用can’t
或mustn’t,表示“不可以,禁止”。
----Might/MayIsmokeinthisroom?
----No,youmustn’t.
----May/MightItakethisbookoutoftheroom?
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----Yes,youcan.(No,youcan’t/mustn’t.)
用MayI...?征徇對方許可時比較正式和客氣,而用CanI...?在口語中更常見。
2.用于祈使句,表示祝愿。
Mayyousucceed!
3.表示推測、可能性(不用于疑問句)。
might不是過去式,它所表示的可能性比may小。
1.Hemay/mightbeverybusynow.
2.Yourmothermay/mightnotknowthetruth.
三、must,haveto
1.表示必須、必要。
Youmustcomeintime.
在回答引出的問句時,如果是否定的,不能用mustn’t(禁止,不準),而用needn’t,don’t
haveto(不必).
----Mustwehandinourexercibookstoday?
----Yes,youmust.
----No,youdon’thaveto/youneedn’t.
是說話人的主觀看法,而haveto則強調客觀需要。must只有一般現在時,have
to有更多的時態形式。
1)heplayisn’tinteresting,Ireallymustgonow.
2)IhadtoworkwhenIwasyourage.
3.表示推測、可能性(只用于肯定的陳述句)
1)You’reTom’sgoodfriend,soyoumustknowwhathelikesbest.
2)Yourmothermustbewaitingforyounow.
四、need
作情態動詞用時,常用于疑問句、否定句。在肯定句中一般用must,haveto,ought
to,should代替。
1)Youneedn’tcomesoearly.
2)----NeedIfinishtheworktoday?
----Yes,youmust./No,youneedn’t.
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作實義動詞用時,有人稱、時態和數的變化。而need后面只能接帶to的不定式。
Heneedstofinishhishomeworktoday.
五、shall,should
用于第一人稱,征求對方的意見。
Whatshallwedothivening?
用于第二、三人稱,表示說話人給對方的命令、警告、允諾或威脅。
1).Youshallfailifyoudon’tworkhard.(警告)
2)HeshallhavethebookwhenIfinishit.(允諾)
3)Heshallbepunished.(威脅)
六、will,would
1.表示請求、建議等,would更委婉。
Will/Wouldyoupassmetheball,plea?
2..表示意志、愿望和決心。
1).Iwillneverdothatagain.
2.)Theyaskedhimifhewouldgoabroad.
表示過去反復發生的動作或某種傾向。would表示過去習慣時比udto正式,且
沒有“現已無此習慣”的含義。
1).Duringthevacation,hewouldvisitmeeveryotherday.
2).Thewoundwouldnotheal.
七、should
表示“應該”
1).Ishouldhelpherbecausheisintrouble.
2.表示推測should,(客觀推測),must(主觀推測)。
1).Hemustbehomebynow.(斷定他已到家)
2)Heoughtto/shouldbehomebynow.(不太肯定)
3)Thisiswheretheoilmustbe.(直爽)
4)Thisiswheretheoiloughtto/shouldbe.(含蓄)
練習題
()1.—MayIaskyousomequestions,?
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—_______
’,goahead.
,I’,youmust.
()2.—MustItakepartintheactivity?
—No,you_______.You’uldlookafteryourlf.
’’’’thaveto
()3.—MayIwatchTV,Mom?
—I’mafraidyou_______.
’
()4.—Mustwekeepthewindow_______allthetime?
—No,youdon’thaveto.
()5.—MustItakethemedicineeveryday?
—No,you_______.
’’’t
()erisill.I_______stayathometotakecareofher.
()7.—MayIuyourdictionary,Lily?
—Sure,_______.
’’sallright
反身代詞用法歸納
一、反身代詞的基本形式
反身代詞是onelf根據所指詞的人稱、性別、單復數等的變化可以有mylf,himlf,
herlf,yourlf,itlf,ourlves,yourlves,themlves等形式。
二、onelf與himlf
當one指人時,其相應的反身代詞通常用onelf,在美國英語中也可用himlf:
Oneshouldnotpraionelf[himlf].一個人不應該自吹自擂。
三、反身代詞的句法功能:
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1.用作同位語(加強被修飾詞的語氣,緊放在被修飾名詞后,或句末:
Theboxitlfisnotsoheavy.箱子本身并不重。
Martinhimlfattendedthesickman.馬丁親自照顧病人。
2.用作賓語(動詞或介詞的賓語):
Takegoodcareofyourlf.照顧好自己。
Shecouldnotmakeherlfunderstood.她不能使別人聽懂她的話。
Thechildcriedhimlftosleep.孩子哭著哭著睡著了。
3.用作表語
Thepoorboywasmylf.那個可憐的孩子就是我自己。
Theoneswhoreallywantitareourlves.真正想要它的是我們自己。
代詞列表
人稱代詞
主格
人稱代詞
賓格
形容詞性
物主代詞
名詞性
物主代詞
反身代詞
Imemyminemylf
weusouroursourlves
youyouyouryoursyourlf
yourlves
sheherherhersherlf
hehimhishishimlf
itititsitsitlf
theythemtheirtheirsthemlves
主格做主語賓格做賓語
放在動詞介詞
后
放在名詞前
不可單獨用
替代形代+名詞
不可與名詞連
用
by后接
反身代詞
()1.—Heplaysbasketballsowell!Whotaught_______?
—Helearntitby_______.
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;f;;f;him
要求四會的單詞
名詞
體育運動
teammatchfootballtennisbaball
skatingrowingcyclingbasketballsoccer
人物或稱謂類
personplayermusicianscientistpilot
policemanpolicewomanpostmanfisherman
herograndfathergrandmothergrandparents
物品類
basketcuppapergoldrecord
brushring
處所類
grasstheatre/theatermuumfactory
身體健康類
bodyhealthtoothacheheadachefever
coughstomachacheillnessmedicineheart
食品飲料類
coffeeteacandyfruitsugar
tomato+espotato+essaltwatermelonsandwich
strawberrybeefbiscuitmeal
時間類
agecenturyweekend
文化信息類
informationwebsiteInternetdictionary
knowledgemessagepassageculture
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其他
showerfactcareadvice(apieceofadvice)newspity
articlesmokeriskquestionhabitworld
warintroductionnotesmilepeace
southmiddletaxianswerlittervoicescore
linephoneexampleskill
pointchancesuggestionmindside
dreamfuturefriendshipjumppart
形容詞或副詞
weak←→strongleast←→mostpopular←→unpopular
healthy=fit←→illfat←→thindirty←→clean
uful←→ulessdark←→brighthungry←→full
dead←→alivecheap←→expensive=deartrue←→fal
correct←→wrongpossible←→impossiblequiteexcited
/excitingtired/tiring
certainlybadlyreallyfinallyeven
famousmadangrymainsuccessful
enoughterribleriousstillfunnyactive
modernnecessary
動詞:
wincheerrowjoinskatecycle
dreamgrowspendjumprelax
leavekickpassthrowfight
enjoy/practice/finish/mind+kill
inventbecomefollowholdscore
pointhithearringstandfeelbreak
recordsuggestliftboilbrush
liecrycarecheckworrycau
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smoketasteforceriskbuildhappen
介詞
againstthroughwithoutoffexcept
詞組薈萃
名詞詞組
tabletennisthedayaftertomorrowdayandnight
icecreampotatochipsfirstaidrelayrace
動詞詞組
cheer...ongrowupbegoodfor
begoodat=dowellin←→dobadlyintakepartinkeepfit
houtatsb.
doone’sbest=tryone’sbestbeangrywithtalkabout
comeintobeingstandforhaveacoldliedown
careof
介詞詞組及其他
forexampleatleastinfactas...aspossible
inthefuture
ontheotherhandinsteadofalloveratfirst
課本中出現的詞組或搭配歸納
/doingsth
jointheschoolrowingteamjoinsbspend...doingsth
thehighjumpthelongjumpturn...into...make
sb./sth.+
playagainsthavefun
/forexample
hundredsofyearstheboys’800-meterracelotsof=alotof
firstplacenexttime
look/getwell/bettertakeone’sadvice
takemedicinetake/haveabathhave/takearest
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out
falldownnothingriousstayup
haveagoodrestdomorning/eyeexercistell/asksbtodosth.
.=h
重句大本營
1.—Whatareyougoingtodo?
—I’mgoingtoplaybasketball.
2.—Wouldyouliketocomeandcheeruson?
—Sure,I’dloveto.
3.—Whichsportdoyouprefer,swimmingorrowing?
—Ipreferrowing.
4.—Areyougoingtojointheschoolrowingteam?
—Yes,Iam./No,I’mnot.
5.—What’syourfavoritesport,________?
—Basketball,ofcour.
6.—Who’syourfavoriteplayer?
—LeBronJames.
7.—Whatareyougoingtobewhenyougrowup?
—I’mgoingtobeascientist.
8.—Whydoyoulikeplayingsoccer?
—Becauitmakeshimstrongandit’spopularallovertheworld.
9.—_______,couldyouhelpme(=givemeahand),plea?
—Sure.
10.—Willyoujoinus?
—I’dbegladto.
11.—Wouldyoumindteachingme?
—doit!
12.—Wouldyoumindnotputtingyourbikehere?
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—Sorry.I’llputitsomewhereel.
13.—_______,IamsorryforwhatIsaid.(賓語從句)
—It’snothing.
14.—Willyoutakepartintheschoolsportsmeet?
—OfcourIwill.
15.—Whichsportwillyoutakepartin?
—Theboys’800-meterrace.
16.—Hello,is_______in?
—Speaking.
17.—Whatshallwetake?
—We’lltakeoursportsclothesandsportsshoes.
18.—ShallItakemycamera?
—Goodidea!It’llbefun
19.—Whenshallwemeet?
—Let’smakeithalfpastsix.
20.—Whereshallwemeet?
—Atmyhou.
21.—Hello,_________!Youdon’’swrongwithyou?=What’sthe
matterwithyou?=Whatisthematterwithyou?
—Ihaveatoothache/backache/stomachache/headache/fever.(Ihavetheflu.)
22.—Ihopeyou’llgetwellsoon.
—Thankyou.
23.—Howlonghaveyoubeenlikethis?
—Twodays./Fortwodays.
24.—You’dbettertakesomemedicine.
—IthinkIwill.
25.—Howareyoufeelingtoday?
—Nottoobad.
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26.—Stayinguplateisbadforyourhealth.
—Right!Imusthaveagoodrest.
27.—MayIaskyousomequestions,?
—Sure,goahead.
28.—Mustwegotoeadoctoratoncewhenwehavetheflu?
—Yes,wemust./No,weneedn’t.(wedon’thaveto).
29.—ng?
30.—I’mafraidheisbusyrightnow.
—CanIleaveamessage?
—Sure,goahead.
其他重要句型
ndshalfanhourexercisinginthegymeveryday.
sgoingtobeaschoolsportsmeetnextweekend.
eleavingforJapanthedayaftertomorrow.
ballisoneofthemostpopularsportsintheUnitedStatesandotherparts
oftheworld.
’simportantforyouandtheotherplayerstoplayasateam.
ndredsofyears’history,itisoneofthemostpopularsportsinEngland.
merOlympicsandWinterOlympicsarebothheldeveryfouryears.
’dbetterstayinbedandnotmoveyourleftlegtoomuch.
thedoctor’sadvice,andyou’llgetwellsoon.=Ifyoufollowthedoctor’s
advice,you’llgetwellsoon.
fulnottoeattoomuchsaltorsugar.
mothermadehimtasteit.
stgiveupsmokingassoonaspossible.
gsportscanalsohelpyoukeepfit.
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