國(guó)內(nèi)外法律英語常見詞匯學(xué)習(xí)大全

2023年12月28日發(fā)(作者：送走觀音使不得)

法律英語常用詞匯大全

一、 律師部分

案件受理費(fèi) court acceptance fee

案情重大、復(fù)雜 important and complicated ca

案由 cau of action

案子 ca

包攬?jiān)V訟 monopolize lawsuits

被告 defendant(用于民事、行政案件); the accud (用于刑事案件)

被上訴人 appellee

被訴人 respondent; defendant

本案律師 councel pro hac vice

本地律師 local counl

畢業(yè)證 diploma; graduation certificate

辯護(hù)詞 defen; pleadings

辯護(hù)律師 defen lawyer

辯護(hù)要點(diǎn) point of defen

辯護(hù)意見 submission

財(cái)產(chǎn)租賃 property tenancy

裁定書 order; ruling; determination（指終審裁定）

裁決書 award（用于仲裁）

裁決書 verdict（用于陪審團(tuán)）

采信的證據(jù) admitted evidence; established evidence

草擬股權(quán)轉(zhuǎn)讓協(xié)議 drafting agreement of assignment of equity interests

查閱法條 source legal provisions

產(chǎn)權(quán)轉(zhuǎn)讓 conveyancing

出差 go on errand; go on a business trip

出國(guó)深造 further study abroad

出具律師意見書 providing legal opinion

出示的證據(jù) exhibit

出庭 appear in court

傳票 summons; subpoena

答辯狀 answer; reply

代理詞 reprentation

代理房地產(chǎn)買賣與轉(zhuǎn)讓 agency for sale and transfer of real estate

代理公證、商標(biāo)、專利、版權(quán)、房地產(chǎn)、工商登記 agency for notarization, trademark, patent,

copyright, and registration of real estate and incorporations

代理仲裁 agency for arbitration

代寫文書 drafting of legal instruments

待決案件 pending ca

當(dāng)事人陳述 statement of the parties

第三人 third party

吊銷執(zhí)業(yè)證 revocation of lawyer licen

調(diào)查筆錄 investigative record

調(diào)查取證 investigation and gathering for evidence

調(diào)解 mediation

調(diào)解書 mediation

二審案件 ca of trial of cond instance

發(fā)送電子郵件 nd e-mail

法律顧問 legal consultants

法律意見書 legal opinions

法律援助 legal aid

法律咨詢 legal counling

法庭 division; tribunal

法學(xué)博士學(xué)位 LL.D (Doctor of Laws)

法學(xué)會(huì) law society

法學(xué)課程 legal cours

法學(xué)碩士學(xué)位 LL.M (Master of Laws)

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法學(xué)系 faculty of law; department of law

法學(xué)學(xué)士學(xué)位 LL.B (Bachelor of Laws)

J.D ( juris doctor縮寫，美國(guó)法學(xué)學(xué)士)

法學(xué)院 law school

法院公告 court announcement

反訴狀 counterclaim

房地產(chǎn)律師 real estate lawyer; real property lawyer

非合伙律師 associate lawyer

非訴訟業(yè)務(wù) non-litigation practice

高級(jí)合伙人 nior partner

高級(jí)律師 nior lawyer

各類協(xié)議和合同 agreements and contracts

公安局 Public Security Bureau

公司上市 company listing

公訴案件 public-procuting ca

公證書 notarial certificate

國(guó)辦律師事務(wù)所 state-run law office

國(guó)際貿(mào)易 international trade

國(guó)際訴訟 international litigation

國(guó)內(nèi)訴訟 domestic litigation

合伙律師 partner lawyer

合伙制律師事務(wù)所 law office in partner-ship; cooperating law firm

合同審查、草擬、修改 contract review, drafting and revision

會(huì)見當(dāng)事人 interview a client

會(huì)見犯罪嫌疑人 interview a criminal suspect

兼職律師 part-time lawyer

監(jiān)獄 prison; jail

鑒定結(jié)論 expert conclusion

繳納會(huì)費(fèi) membership dues

舉證責(zé)任 burden of proof; onus probandi

決定書 decision

勘驗(yàn)筆錄 record of request

看守所 detention hou

抗訴書 protest

控告人 accur; complainant

跨國(guó)訴訟 transnational litigation

勞動(dòng)爭(zhēng)議 labor disputes

勞動(dòng)爭(zhēng)議仲裁委員會(huì) arbitration committee for labor disputes

勞改場(chǎng) reform-through-labor farm; prison farm

利害關(guān)系人 interested party; party in interest

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律管處處長(zhǎng) director of lawyer control department

律師 lawyer attorney; attorney at law

律師懲戒 lawyer discipline

律師法 Lawyer Law

律師費(fèi) lawyer fee

律師函 lawyer’s letter

律師見證 lawyer attestation/authentication

律師見證書 lawyer certification/authentication/witness

律師卷宗 lawyer’s docile; file

律師刊物 lawyer’s journal

律師聯(lián)系電話 contact phone number of a lawyer

律師事務(wù)所 law office; law firm

律師收費(fèi) billing by lawyer

律師網(wǎng)站 lawyer website

律師協(xié)會(huì) National Bar (Lawyer) Association

律師協(xié)會(huì)會(huì)員 member of Lawyer Association

律師協(xié)會(huì)秘書長(zhǎng) cretary general of Bar (Lawyer) Association

律師協(xié)會(huì)章程 Articles of Lawyer Assocition

律師業(yè)務(wù)室 lawyer’s office

律師執(zhí)業(yè)證 lawyer licen

律師助理 assistant lawyer

律師資格考試 bar exam; lawyer qualification exam

律師資格證 lawyer qualification certificate

民事案件 civil ca

民事調(diào)解 civil mediation

民事訴訟 civil litigation

派出所 local police station; police substation

判決 judgement(用于民事、行政案件);

determination(用于終審);

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ntence(用于刑事案);

裁定 verdict(由陪審團(tuán)作出)

旁證 circumstantial evidence

企業(yè)章程 articles of association; articles of incorporation; bylaw

企業(yè)重組 corporate restructure

起訴狀 information; indictment

取消律師資格 disbar

全國(guó)律師代表大會(huì) National Lawyer Congress

缺席宣判 pronounce judgement or determination by default

人民法院 People’s Court

人民檢察院 People’s Procuratorate

認(rèn)定事實(shí) determine facts

上訴案件 ca of trial of cond instance; appellate ca

上訴人 appellant

上訴狀 petition for appeal

涉外律師 lawyers specially handling foreign-related matters

申請(qǐng)復(fù)議 administrative reconsideration petition

申請(qǐng)加入律師協(xié)會(huì) application for admission to Law Association

申請(qǐng)人 petitioner; claimant

申訴案件 appeal ca

申訴人（仲裁） claimant; plaintiff

申訴書 appeal for revision, petition for revision

實(shí)習(xí)律師 apprentice lawyer; lawyer in probation period

實(shí)習(xí)律師證 certificate of apprentice lawyer

視聽證據(jù) audio-visual reference material

適用法律 apply law to facts

受害人 victim

書證 documentary evidence

司法部 Ministry of Justice

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司法建議書 judicial advi

司法局 Judicial Bureau

司法局副局長(zhǎng) deputy director of Judicial Bureau

司法局局長(zhǎng) director of Judicial Bureau

司法統(tǒng)一考試 uniform judicial exam

送達(dá) rvice of process

訴訟 litigation; action; lawsuit

訴訟當(dāng)事人 litigation party; litigious party

訴訟業(yè)務(wù) litigation practice

訴狀 complaint; bill of complaint; statement of claim

推銷法律服務(wù) promote/market legal rvice

外國(guó)律師事務(wù)所 foreign law office

委托代理合同 authorized reprentation contract

委托代理人 agent ad litem; entrusted agent

委托授權(quán)書 power of attorney

物證 material evidence

嫌疑人 criminal suspect

項(xiàng)目融資 project financing

項(xiàng)目談判 project negotiating

刑事案件 criminal ca

刑事訴訟 criminal litigation

行政訴訟 administrative litigation

休庭 adjourn the court; recess

宣判 pronounce judgement; determination

宣誓書 affidavit

業(yè)務(wù)進(jìn)修 attendance in advanced studies

一審案件 ca of trial of first instance

與國(guó)外律師事務(wù)所交流 communicate with foreign law firms

原告 plaintiff

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證券律師 curities lawyer

證人證言 testimony of witness; affidavit

執(zhí)行筆錄 execution record

執(zhí)業(yè)登記 registration for practice

執(zhí)業(yè)范圍 scope of practice; sphere of practice; practice area

執(zhí)業(yè)申請(qǐng) practice application

執(zhí)業(yè)證年檢 annual inspection of lawyer licen

仲裁 arbitration

仲裁案件 arbitration ca

仲裁機(jī)構(gòu) arbitration agency

專門律師 specialized lawyer

專職律師 professional lawyer; full-time lawyer

撰寫法律文章 write legal thesis

資信調(diào)查 credit standing investigation

自訴案件 private procuting ca

二、 訴訟法律

案件 ca

案件發(fā)回 remand/rimit a ca (to a low court)

案件名稱 title of a ca

案卷材料 materials in the ca

案情陳述書 statement of ca

案外人 person other than involved in the ca

案值 total value involved in the ca

敗訴方 losing party

辦案人員 personnel handling a ca

保全措施申請(qǐng)書 application for protective measures

報(bào)案 report a ca (to curity authorities)

被告 defendant; the accud

被告人最后陳述 final statement of the accud

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被告向原告第二次答辯 rejoinder

被害人 victim

被害人的訴訟代理人 victim’s agent ad litem

被上訴人 respondent; the appellee

被申請(qǐng)人 respondent

被申請(qǐng)執(zhí)行人 party against whom execution is filed

被執(zhí)行人 person subject to enforcement

本訴 principal action

必要共同訴訟人 party in necessary co-litigation

變通管轄 jurisdiction by accord

辯護(hù) defen

辯護(hù)律師 defen attorney/lawyer

辯護(hù)人 defender

辯護(hù)證據(jù) exculpatory evidence; defen evidence

辯論階段 stage of court debate

駁回反訴 dismiss a counterclaim; reject a counterclaim

駁回請(qǐng)求 deny/dismiss a motion

駁回上訴、維持原判 reject/dismiss the appeal and sustain the original judgement/ruling

駁回訴訟 dismiss an action/suit

駁回通知書 notice of dismissal

駁回自訴 dismiss/reject a private procution

駁回自訴裁定書 ruling of dismissing private-procuting ca

補(bǔ)充答辯 supplementary answer

補(bǔ)充判決 supplementary judgement

補(bǔ)充偵查 supplementary investigation

不公開審理 trial in camera

不立案決定書 written decision of no ca-filing

不批準(zhǔn)逮捕決定書 written decision of disapproving an arrest

不起訴 nol pros

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不予受理起訴通知書 notice of dismissal of accusation by the court

財(cái)產(chǎn)保全申請(qǐng)書 application for attachment; application for property prervation

裁定 order; determination (指最終裁定)

裁定管轄 jurisdiction by order

裁定書 order; ruling

裁決書 award

采信的證據(jù) admitted evidence

查封 al up

撤回上訴 withdraw appeal

撤訴 withdraw a lawsuit

撤銷立案 revoke a ca placed on file

撤銷原判，發(fā)回重審 rescind the original judgement and remand the ca ro the original court for

retrial

出示的證據(jù) exhibit

除權(quán)判決 invalidating judgement (for negotiable instruments)

傳喚 summon; call

傳聞證據(jù) hearsay

答辯 answer; reply

答辯陳述書 statement of defence

答辯狀 answer; reply

大法官 associate justices; justice

大檢察官 deputy chief procurator

代理控告 agency for accusation

代理申訴 agency for appeal

代理審判員 acting judge

代為申請(qǐng)取保候?qū)?agency for application of the bail pending trial with restricted liberty of

moving

彈劾式訴訟 accusatory procedure

當(dāng)事人陳述 statement of the parties

當(dāng)庭宣判 pronouncement of judgement or ntence in court

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地區(qū)管轄 territorial jurisdiction

地區(qū)檢察分院 inter-mediate People’s Procuratorate

第三人 third party

調(diào)查筆錄 record of investigation

定期宣判 pronouncement of judgement or ntence later on a fixed date

定罪證據(jù) incriminating evidence; inculpatory evidence

凍結(jié) freeze

督促程序 procedure of supervision and urge

獨(dú)任庭 sole-judge bench

獨(dú)任仲裁員 sole arbitrator

對(duì)妨礙民事訴訟的強(qiáng)制措施 compulsory measures against impairment of civil action

對(duì)席判決 judgement inter parties

二審 trial of cond instance

二審案件 ca of trial of cond insurance

罰款 impo a fine

法定證據(jù) statutory legal evidence

法定證據(jù)制度 system of legal evidence

法官 judges

法警 bailiff; court police

法律文書 legal instruments/papers

法律援助 legal aid

法律咨詢 legal consulting

法庭辯論 court debate

法庭調(diào)查 court investigation

法庭審理筆錄 court record

法庭審理方式 mode of court trial

法庭庭長(zhǎng) chief judge of a tribunal

法院 court

法院公告 court announcement

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反訴 counterclaim

反訴答辯狀 answer with counterclaim

反訴狀 counterclaim

犯罪嫌疑人 criminal suspect

附帶民事訴訟案件 a collateral civil action

附帶民事訴訟被告 defendant of collateral civil action

復(fù)查 reexamination; recheck

復(fù)驗(yàn) reinspect

高級(jí)法官 nior judge

高級(jí)檢察官 nior procurator

高級(jí)人民法院 Higher People’s Court

告訴案件 ca of complaint

告訴才處理的案件 ca accepted at complaint

告訴申訴庭 complaint and petition division

工讀學(xué)校 work-study school for delinquent children

公安部 Ministry of Public Security

公安分局 public curity sub-bureau

公安廳 public curity bureau at the levels of provinces, autonomous regions and cities under

direct jurisdiction of central government

公開審理 trial in public

公開審判制度 open trial system

公示催告程序 procedure of public summons for exhortation

公訴案件 public-procuting ca

公訴詞 statement of public procution

公證機(jī)關(guān) public notary office

共同管轄 concurrent jurisdiction

管轄 jurisdiction

國(guó)際司法協(xié)助 international judicial assistance

海事法院 maritime court

合議庭 collegial panel

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合議庭評(píng)議筆錄 record of deliberating by the collegiate bench

和解 composition; compromi

核對(duì)訴訟當(dāng)事人身份 check identity of litigious parties

恢復(fù)執(zhí)行 resumption of execution

回避 withdrawal

混合式訴訟 mixed action

基層人民法院 basic People’s Court

羈押期限 term in custody

級(jí)別管轄 subject matter jurisdiction of courts at different levels

監(jiān)視居住 living at home under surveillance

監(jiān)獄 prison

檢察官 procurator

檢察權(quán) procutorial power

檢察委員會(huì) procuratorial/procutorial committee

檢察院 procuratorate

檢察院派出機(jī)構(gòu) outpost tribunal of procuratorate

簡(jiǎn)易程序 summary procedure

鑒定結(jié)論 expert conclusion

經(jīng)濟(jì)審判庭 economic tribunal

徑行判決 direct adjudication without ssions; judgement without notice

糾問式訴訟 inquisitional proceedings

拘傳 summon by force; summon by warrant

拘留所 detention hou

舉報(bào) information/report of an offence

舉證責(zé)任 burden of proof; onus probandi

決定書 decision

軍事法院 military procuratorate

開庭審理 open a court ssion

開庭通知 notice of court ssion

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勘驗(yàn)筆錄 record of inquest

看守所 detention hou

可執(zhí)行財(cái)產(chǎn) executable property

控告式訴訟 accusatory proceedings

控訴證據(jù) incriminating evidence

控訴職能 accusation function

扣押 distrain on; attachment

扣押物 distress/distraint

寬限期 period of grace

勞動(dòng)爭(zhēng)議仲裁申請(qǐng)書 petition for labor dispute arbitration

勞改場(chǎng) reform-through-labor farm

勞教所 reeducation-through-labor office

類推判決的核準(zhǔn)程序 procedure for examination and approval of analogical ntence

累積證據(jù) cumulative evidence

立案報(bào)告 place a ca on file

立案管轄 functional jurisdiction

立案決定書 written decision of ca-filing

立案?jìng)刹?report of placing a ca on file

利害關(guān)系人 interested party

臨時(shí)裁決書 interim award

律師見證書 lawyer’s written attestation; lawyer’s written authentication

律師事務(wù)所 law office; law firm

律師提前介入 prior intervention by lawyer

免于刑事處分 exemption from criminal penalty

民事案件 civil ca

民事審判庭 civil tribunal

民事訴訟 civil action

民事訴訟法 Civil Procedural Law

扭送 ize and deliver a suspect to the police

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派出法庭 detached tribunal

派出所 police station

判決 judgement; determination

判決書 judgement; determination; verdict (指陪審團(tuán)作出的)

旁證 circumstantial evidence

陪審員 juror

批準(zhǔn)逮捕 approval of arrest

破案 clear up a criminal ca; solve a criminal ca

破產(chǎn) bankruptcy; insolvency

普通程序 general/ordinary procedure

普通管轄 general jurisdiction

企業(yè)法人破產(chǎn)還債程序 procedure of bankruptcy and liquidation of a business corporation

起訴 filing of a lawsuit

起訴 sue; litigate; procute; institution of proceedings

起訴狀 indictment; information

區(qū)縣檢察院 grassroots People’s Procuratorate

取保候?qū)?the bail pending trial with restricted liberty of moving

缺席判決 default judgement

人民調(diào)解委員會(huì) People’s Mediation Committee

認(rèn)定財(cái)產(chǎn)無主案件 cas concerning determination of property as qwnerless

認(rèn)定公民無民事行為能力、限制民事行為能力案件cas concerning determination of a citizen

as incompetent or with limited disposing capacity

上訴 appeal

上訴人 appellant

上訴狀 petition for appeal

少管所 juvenile prison

社會(huì)治安綜合治理 comprehensive treatment of social curity

涉外案件 cas involving foreign interests

涉外民事訴訟 foreign civil proceedings

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涉外刑事訴訟 foreign criminal proceedings

申請(qǐng)人 applicant; petitioner

申請(qǐng)書 petition; application for arbitration

申請(qǐng)執(zhí)行人 execution applicant

申訴人宣誓書 claimant’s affidavit of authenticity

申訴書 appeal for revision; petition for revision

神示證據(jù)制度 system of divinity evidence

神示制度 ordeal system

審查案件 ca review

審查并決定逮捕 examine and decide arrest

審查起訴階段 stage of review and procution

審理通知書 notice of hearing

審判長(zhǎng) presiding judge

審判長(zhǎng)宣布開庭 presiding judge announce court in ssion

審判管轄 adjudgement/trial jurisdiction

審判監(jiān)督程序 procedure for trial supervision

審判委員會(huì) judicial committee

審判員 judge

審問式訴訟 inquisitional proceedings

生效判決裁定 legally effective judgement/order

勝訴方 winning party

省市自治區(qū)檢察院 higher People’s Procuratorate

失蹤和死亡宣告 declaration of disappearance and death

實(shí)（質(zhì)）體證據(jù) substantial evidence

實(shí)物證據(jù) tangible evidence

實(shí)在證據(jù) real evidence

示意證據(jù) demonstrative evidence

視聽證據(jù) audio-visual evidence

收容所 collecting post; safe retreat

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首席大法官 chief justice

首席檢察官 chief procurator

受害人的近親屬 victim’s immediate family

受理 acceptance

受理刑事案件審批表 registration form of acceptance of criminal ca

受送達(dá)人 the addre

書記員 court clerk

書記員宣讀法庭紀(jì)律 court clerk reads court rules

書證 documentary evidence

司法部 Ministry of Justice

司法機(jī)關(guān) judicial organizatons

司法警察 judicial police

司法局 judicial bureau

司法廳 judicial bureau at the levels of provinces, autonomous regions, and cities under direct

jurisdiction of central government

司法協(xié)助 judicial assistance

死緩的復(fù)核 judicial review of death ntence with a retrieve

死刑復(fù)核程序 procedure for judicial review of death ntence

死刑復(fù)核權(quán) competence for judicial review of death ntence

送達(dá) rvice of process

送達(dá)傳票 rvice of summons/subpoena

送達(dá)訴狀 rvice of bill of complaint

搜查 arch

訴 sue; suit; action; lawsuit

訴前財(cái)產(chǎn)保全 property attachment prior to lawsuit

訴訟 litigation; lawsuit; sue; action

訴訟保全 attachment

訴訟參加人 litigious participants

訴訟代理人 agent ad litem

訴狀 complaint; bill of complaint; state of claim

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特別程序 special procedures

提起公訴 institute a public procution

鐵路法院 railway court

鐵路檢察院 railroad transport procuratorate

庭審程序 procedure of court trial

通緝 wanted for arrest

投案 appearance

退回補(bǔ)充偵查 return of a ca for supplementary investigation

委托辯護(hù) entrusted defen

未成年人法庭 juvenile court

無行政職務(wù)的法官 associate judge

無正當(dāng)理由拒不到庭 refu to appear in court without due cau

無罪判決 acquittal, finding of “ not guilty ”

物證 material evidence

先予執(zhí)行申請(qǐng)書 application for advanced execution

先予執(zhí)行 advanced execution

刑事案件 criminal ca

刑事拘留 criminal detention

刑事強(qiáng)制拘留 criminal coercive/compulsory measures

刑事審判庭 criminal tribunal

刑事訴訟 criminal proceedings

刑事訴訟法 Criminal Procedural Law

刑事自訴狀 lf-incriminating criminal complaint

行政案件 administrative ca

行政審判庭 administrative tribunal

行政訴訟 administrative proceedings

行政訴訟法 Administrative Procedural Law

宣告失蹤、宣告死亡案件 cas concerning the declaration of disappearance and death

宣判筆錄 record of rendition of judgement

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選民資格案件 cas concerning qualifications of voters

詢問證人 inquire/question a witness

訓(xùn)誡 reprimand

訊問筆錄 record of interrogation

詢問犯罪嫌疑人 interrogate criminal suspect

言詞證據(jù) verbal evidence

要求傳喚證人申請(qǐng)書 application for subpoena

一裁終局 arbitration award shall be final and binding

一審 trial of first instance

一審案件 ca of trial of first instance

應(yīng)訴通知書 notice of respondence to action

有罪判決 ntence; finding of “guilty”

予審 preliminary examinantion; pretrial

原告 plaintiff

院長(zhǎng) court president

閱卷筆錄 record of (by lawyers)

再審案件 ca of retrial

再審申請(qǐng)書 petition for retrial

責(zé)令具結(jié)悔過 order to sign a statement of repentance

債權(quán)人會(huì)議 creditors’ meeting

偵查階段 investigation stage

偵查終結(jié) conclusion of investigation

征詢?cè)⒈桓孀詈笠庖?consulting final opinion of the plaintiff and defendant

證據(jù) evidence

證據(jù)保全 prerve evidence

證據(jù)保全申請(qǐng)書 application for evidence prervation

證人證言 testimony of witness; affidavit

支付令 payment order/warrant

知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)庭 intellectual property tribunal

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執(zhí)行程序 procedure execution

執(zhí)行逮捕 execution of arrest

執(zhí)行和解 conciliation of execution

執(zhí)行回轉(zhuǎn) recovery of execution

執(zhí)行庭 executive tribunal

執(zhí)行異議 objection to execution

執(zhí)行員 executor

執(zhí)行中止 discontinuance of execution

執(zhí)行終結(jié) conclusion of execution

指定辯護(hù) appointed defen

指定仲裁員聲明 statement of appointing arbitrator

中級(jí)人民法院 intermediate People’s Court

中途退庭 retreat during court ssion without permission

仲裁 arbitration

仲裁被訴人 respondent; defendant

仲裁裁決 award

仲裁申請(qǐng)書 arbitration

仲裁申訴人 claimant; plaintiff

仲裁庭 arbitration tribunal

仲裁委員會(huì) arbitration committee

仲裁協(xié)議 arbitration agreement; claus of arbitration

仲裁員 arbitrator

主訴檢察官 principal procurator

助理檢察官 assistant procurator

助理審判員 assistant judge

專門法院 special court

專門管轄 specific jurisdiction

專屬管轄 exclusive jurisdiction

追究刑事責(zé)任 investigate for criminal responsibility

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自首 confession to justice

自訴案件 private-procuting ca

自行辯護(hù) lf-defen

自由心證制度 doctrine of discretional evaluation of evidence

自偵案件 lf-investigating ca

最高人民法院 the Supreme People’s Court

最高人民檢察院 the Supreme People’s Procuratorate

最后裁決書 final award

三、 民事法律

法律淵源 source of law

制定法 statute

判例法 ca law; precedent

普通法 common law

特別法 special law

固有法 native law; indigenous law

繼受法 adopted law

實(shí)體法 substantial law

程序法 procedural law

原則法 fundamental law

例外法 exception law

司法解釋 judicial interpretation

習(xí)慣法 customary law

公序良俗 public order and moral

自然法 natural law

羅馬法 Roman Law

私法 private law

公法 public law

市民法 jus civile

萬民法 jus gentium

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民法法系 civil law system

英美法系 system of Anglo-American law

大陸法系 civil law system

普通法 common law

大陸法 continental law

羅馬法系 Roman law system

英吉利法 English law

衡平法 equity; law of equity

日爾曼法 Germantic law

教會(huì)法 ecclesiastical law

寺院法 canon law

伊斯蘭法 Islamic law

民法法律規(guī)范 norm of civil law

授權(quán)規(guī)范 authorization norm

禁止規(guī)范 forbidding norm

義務(wù)性規(guī)范 obligatory norm

命令性規(guī)范 commanding norm

民法基本原則 fundamental principles of civil law

平等原則 principle of equality

自愿原則 principle of free will

公平原則 principle of justice

等價(jià)有償原則 principle of equal value exchange

誠(chéng)實(shí)信用原則 principle of good faith

行為 act

作為 act

不作為 omission

合法行為 lawful act

違法行為 unlawful act

民事權(quán)利權(quán)利能力 civil right

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絕對(duì)權(quán) absolute right

相對(duì)權(quán) relative right

優(yōu)先權(quán) right of priority

先買權(quán) preemption

原權(quán) antecedent right

救濟(jì)權(quán) right of relief

支配權(quán) right of dominion

請(qǐng)求權(quán) right of claim

物上請(qǐng)求權(quán) right of claim for real thing

形成權(quán) right of formation

撤銷權(quán) right of claiming cancellation

否認(rèn)權(quán) right of claiming cancellation

解除權(quán) right of renouncement

代位權(quán) subrogated right

選擇權(quán) right of choice

承認(rèn)權(quán) right of admission

終止權(quán) right of termination

抗辯權(quán) right of defen

一時(shí)性抗辯權(quán) momentary right of defen

永久性抗辯權(quán) permanent counter-argument right

不安抗辯權(quán) unstable counter-argument right

同時(shí)履行抗辯權(quán) defen right of simultaneous performance

既得權(quán) tested right

期待權(quán) expectant right

專屬權(quán) exclusive right

非專屬權(quán) non-exclusive right

人身權(quán)利 personal right

人權(quán) human right

人格權(quán) right of personality

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生命健康權(quán) right of life and health

姓名權(quán) right of name

名稱權(quán) right of name

肖像權(quán) right of portraiture

自由權(quán) right of freedom

名譽(yù)權(quán) right reputation

隱私權(quán) right of privacy

私生活秘密權(quán) right of privacy

貞操權(quán) virginity right

身份權(quán) right of status

親權(quán) parental power; parental right

親屬權(quán) right of relative

探視權(quán) visitation right

配偶權(quán) right of spou

榮譽(yù)權(quán) right of honor

權(quán)利的保護(hù) protection of right

公力救濟(jì) public protection

私力救濟(jì) lf-protection

權(quán)利本位 standard of right

社會(huì)本位 standard of society

無責(zé)任行為 irresponsible right

正當(dāng)防衛(wèi) justifiable right; ligitimate defence

防衛(wèi)行為 act of defence

自為行為 lf-conducting act

緊急避險(xiǎn) act of rescue; necessity

自助行為 act of lf-help

不可抗力 force majeure

意外事件 accident

行為能力 capacity for act

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意思能力 capacity of will

民事行為 civil act

意思表示 declaration of intention

意思表示一致 meeting of minds; connsus

完全行為能力 perfect capacity for act

限制行為能力 restrictive capacity for act

準(zhǔn)禁治產(chǎn)人 quasi-interdicted person

保佐 protection

自治產(chǎn)人 minor who is capable of administering his own capacity

無行為能力 incapacity for act

禁治產(chǎn)人 interdicted person

自然人 natural person

公民 citizen

住所 domicile

居所 residence

經(jīng)常居住地 frequently dwelling place

戶籍 census register

監(jiān)護(hù) guardianship

個(gè)體工商戶 individual business

農(nóng)村承包經(jīng)營(yíng)戶 leaholding rural houhold

合伙 partnership

合伙人 partner

合伙協(xié)議 partnership agreement

合伙財(cái)產(chǎn) property of partnership

合伙債務(wù) debt of partnership

入伙 join partnership

退伙 withdrawal from partnership

合伙企業(yè) partnership business establishment

個(gè)人合伙 partnership

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法人合伙 partnership of legal person

特別合伙 special partnership

普通合伙 general partnership

有限合伙 limited partnership

民事合伙 civil partnership

隱名合伙 sleeping partnership; dormant partnership

私營(yíng)企業(yè) private enterpri; proprietorship

法人 legal person

企業(yè)法人 legal body of enterpri

企業(yè)集團(tuán) group of enterpri

關(guān)聯(lián)企業(yè) affiliate enterpri

個(gè)人獨(dú)資企業(yè) individual business establishment

國(guó)有獨(dú)資企業(yè) solely state-owned enterpri

中外合資企業(yè) Sino-foreign joint venture enterpri

中外合作企業(yè) Sino-foreign contractual enterpri

社團(tuán)法人 legal body of mass organization

財(cái)團(tuán)法人 legal body of financial group

聯(lián)營(yíng) joint venture

法人型聯(lián)營(yíng) association of legal persons

合伙型聯(lián)營(yíng) coordinated management in partnership

協(xié)作型聯(lián)營(yíng) cooperation-type coordinated management

合作社 cooperative

民事法律行為 civil legal act

單方民事法律行為 unilateral civil legal act

雙方民事法律行為 bilateral civil legal act

多方民事法律行為 joint act civil legal act

有償民事法律行為 civil legal act with consideration

無償民事法律行為 civil legal act without consideration; civil legal act without award

實(shí)踐性民事法律行為 practical civil legal act

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諾成性民事法律行為 conntal civil legal act

要式民事法律行為 formal civil legal act

不要式民事法律行為 informal civil legal act

要因民事法律行為 causative civil legal act

不要因民事法律行為 noncausative civil legal act

主民事法律行為 principal civil legal act

從民事法律行為 accessory civil legal act

附條件民事法律行為 conditional civil legal act

附期限民事法律行為 civil legal act with term

生前民事法律行為 civil legal act before death

死后民事法律行為 civil legal act after death

準(zhǔn)民事法律行為 quasi-civil legal act

無效行為 ineffective act

可撤銷民事行為 revocable civil act

違法行為 illegal act; unlawful act

侵權(quán)行為 tort

欺詐 fraud

脅迫 duress

乘人之危 taking advantage of others’ precarious position

以合法形式掩蓋非法目的 legal form concealing illegal intention

惡意串通 malicious collaboration

重大誤解 gross misunderstanding

顯失公平 obvious unjust

誤傳 misreprentation

代理 agency

本人 principal

被代理人 principal

受托人 trustee

代理人 agent

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本代理人 original agent

法定代理人 statutory agent; legal agent

委托代理人 agent by mandate

指定代理人 designated agent

復(fù)代理人 subagent

再代理人 subagent

轉(zhuǎn)代理人 subagent

代理權(quán) right of agency

授權(quán)行為 act of authorization

授權(quán)委托書 power of attorney

代理行為 act of agency

委托代理 agency by mandate

本代理 original agency

復(fù)代理 subagency

次代理 subagency

有權(quán)代理 authorized agency

表見代理 agency by estoppel; apparent agency

律師代理 agency by lawyer

普通代理 general agency

全權(quán)代理 general agency

全權(quán)代理委托書 general power of attorney

共同代理 joint agency

獨(dú)家代理 sole agency

居間 brokerage

居間人 broker

行紀(jì) commission; broker hou

信托 trust

時(shí)效 time limit; prescription; limitation

時(shí)效中止 suspension of prescription/limitation

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時(shí)效中斷 interruption of limitation/prescription

時(shí)效延長(zhǎng) extension of limitation

取得時(shí)效 acquisitive prescription

時(shí)效終止 lap of time; termination of prescription

期日 date

期間 term

涉外民事關(guān)系 civil relations with foreign elements

沖突規(guī)范 rule of conflict

準(zhǔn)據(jù)法 applicable law; governing law

反致 renvoi; remission

轉(zhuǎn)致 transmission

識(shí)別 identification

公共秩序保留 rerve of public order

法律規(guī)避 evasion of law

國(guó)籍 nationality

國(guó)有化 nationalization

法律責(zé)任 legal liability

民事責(zé)任 civil liability/responsibility

行政責(zé)任 administrative liability/responsibility

刑事責(zé)任 criminal liability/responsibility

違約責(zé)任 liability of breach of contract; responsibility of default

有限責(zé)任 limited liability

無限責(zé)任 unlimited liability

按份責(zé)任 shared/veral liability

連帶責(zé)任 joint and veral liability

過失責(zé)任 liability for negligence; negligent liability

過錯(cuò)責(zé)任 fault liability; liability for fault

單獨(dú)過錯(cuò) sole fault

共同過錯(cuò) joint fault

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混合過錯(cuò) mixed fault

被害人過錯(cuò) victim’s fault

第三人過錯(cuò) third party’s fault

推定過錯(cuò) presumptive fault

惡意 bad faith; malice

故意 deliberate intention; intention; willfulness

過失 negligence

重大過失 gross negligence

疏忽大意的過失 careless and inadvertent negligence

過于自信的過失 negligence with undue assumption

損害事實(shí) facts of damage

有形損失 tangible damage/loss

無形損失 intangible damage/loss

財(cái)產(chǎn)損失 property damage/loss

人身損失 personal damage/loss

精神損失 spiritual damage/loss

民事責(zé)任承擔(dān)方式 methods of bearing civil liability

停止侵害 cea the infringing act

排除妨礙 exclusion of hindrance; removal of obstacle

消除危險(xiǎn) elimination of danger

返還財(cái)產(chǎn) restitution of property

恢復(fù)原狀 restitution; restitution of original state

賠償損失 compensate for a loss; indemnify for a loss

支付違約金 payment of liquidated damage

消除影響 eliminate ill effects

恢復(fù)名譽(yù) rehabilitate one’s reputation

賠禮道歉 extend a formal apology

物權(quán) jus ad rem; right in rem; real right

物權(quán)制度 real right system; right in rem system

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一物一權(quán)原則 the principal of One thing, One Right

物權(quán)法定主義 principal of legality of right in rem

物權(quán)公示原則 principal of public summons of right in rem

物權(quán)法 jus rerem

物 property

生產(chǎn)資料 raw material for production

生活資料 means of livelihood; means of subsistence

流通物 res in commercium; a thing in commerce

限制流通物 limited merchantable thing

禁止流通物 res extra commercium; a thing out of commerce

資產(chǎn) ast

固定資產(chǎn) fixed ast

流動(dòng)資產(chǎn) current ast; floating ast

動(dòng)產(chǎn) movables; chattel

不動(dòng)產(chǎn) immovable; real estate

特定物 res certae; a certain thing

種類物 genus; indefinite thing

可分物 res divisibiles; divisible things

不可分物 res indivisibiles; indivisible things

主物 res capitalis; a principal thing

從物 res accessoria; an accessory thing

原物 original thing

孳息 fruits

天然孳息 natural fruits

法定孳息 legal fruits

無主物 bona vacatia; vacant goods; ownerless goods

遺失物 lost property

漂流物 drifting object

埋藏物 fortuna; hidden property

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貨幣 currency

證券 curities

債券 bond

物權(quán)分類 classification of right in rem/real right

自物權(quán) jus in re propria; right of full ownership

所有權(quán) dominium; ownership; title

所有權(quán)憑證 document of title; title of ownership

占有權(quán) dominium utile; equitable ownership

使用權(quán) right of u; right to u of

收益權(quán) right to earnings; right to yields

處分權(quán) right of disposing; jus dispodendi

善意占有 posssion in good faith

惡意占有 malicious posssion

按份共有 veral posssion

共同共有 joint posssion

他物權(quán) jus in re aliena

用益物權(quán) real right for usufruct

使用權(quán) right to u; right of u

土地使用權(quán) right to the u of land

林權(quán) forest ownership

采礦權(quán) mining ownership

經(jīng)營(yíng)權(quán) managerial authority; power of management

承包經(jīng)營(yíng)權(quán) right to contracted management

相鄰權(quán) neighboring right; relatedright

地上權(quán) superficies

永佃權(quán) jus emphyteuticum; right to landed estate granted in perpetuity through a contract

地役權(quán) rvitude; eament

人役權(quán) rvitus personarum; personal rvitude

擔(dān)保物權(quán) real right for curity

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物的擔(dān)保 curity for thing

物的瑕疵擔(dān)保 warranty against defect of a thing

抵押權(quán) hypotheca; hypothecation; right to mortgage

抵押權(quán)的設(shè)定 creation of right to mortgage

抵押人 mortgagor

抵押權(quán)人 mortgagee

抵押標(biāo)的物 collateral; estate under mortgage

抵押權(quán)的效力 deffect of right to mortgage

抵押權(quán)的次序 quence of right to mortgage

抵押權(quán)的拋棄 abandonment of right to mortgage

抵押權(quán)的讓與 alienation of right to mortgage

抵押權(quán)的實(shí)現(xiàn) materialization of right to mortgage

抵押權(quán)的消滅 extinction of right to

mortgageregistration of estate under mortgage

抵押物登記 registration of estate under mortgage

抵押優(yōu)先權(quán) priority of mortgage

留置權(quán) lien

一般留置權(quán) general lien

特別留置權(quán) special lien

質(zhì)權(quán) hypotheque; pledge; right of pledge

佃權(quán) tenant right

債權(quán) jus in personam; right to give or procure; claim; creditor’s right

債權(quán)人 creditor

債務(wù)人 debtor

相對(duì)人 counterpart; offeree

給付 give; pay

債務(wù) debt; liability; obligation

債務(wù)的償還 payment of debt

債務(wù)的償清 discharge of debt

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債務(wù)的擔(dān)保 guarantee of debt

債務(wù)的合并 consolidation of debt

債務(wù)的給付日期 debt maturity

債務(wù)的免除 exemption of debt

債的分類 obligatio; obligation

法定之債 legal obligation

任意之債 voluntary obligation

簡(jiǎn)單之債 simple obligation

選擇之債 alternative obligation

主債 prime/principal obligation

從債 accessory obligation

單一之債 single obligation

按份之債 veral obligation

連帶之債 joint obligation

特定之債 certain obligation

種類之債 indefinite obligation

合同之債 contractual obligation

侵權(quán)行為之債 tort obligation

損害賠償之債 obligation of compensation for injury; obligation of damages

人身損害 damage to person

精神損害 moral/mental/spiritual damage

醫(yī)藥費(fèi) hospital treatment expen

醫(yī)療費(fèi) medical charge

撫恤金 pension

慰問金 consolation money

產(chǎn)品瑕疵 defect of product

不當(dāng)?shù)美?unjust enrichment

無因管理 voluntary rvice

債的擔(dān)保 guarantee of obligation

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財(cái)產(chǎn)擔(dān)保 property guarantee

信用擔(dān)保 credit guarantee

讓與擔(dān)保 alienation guarantee

保證 guaranty

明示保證 express guaranty

默示保證 implied guaranty

保證人 guarantor

保證合同 contract of guaranty/suretyship

保證金 guaranty bond; curity deposit

押金 deposit; foregift

預(yù)付款 advanced payment

定金 earnest money; deposit

違約金 liquidated damages

法定違約金 liquidated damages by law

約定違約金 liquidated damages by agreement

債的履行 performance of obligation

實(shí)際履行原則 doctrine of specific performance

情事變更原則 doctrine of change of circumstances

不當(dāng)履行 misfeasance

清償 discharge; satisfaction

提存 debtor’s submission of the subject matter of obligation to competent authority

抵銷 toff

知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán) intellectual property

知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)國(guó)際保護(hù) international protection of intellectual property

國(guó)民待遇原則 doctrine of national treatment

優(yōu)先權(quán)原則 a right of priority doctrine

自動(dòng)保護(hù)原則 doctrine of automatic protection

特許權(quán)使用費(fèi) royalties

智力成果 intellectual property

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著作權(quán) copyright

版權(quán) copyright

著作權(quán)人 copyright owner

創(chuàng)作 creation

作品 opus; product; work

著作人格權(quán) right of personality of copyright

發(fā)表權(quán) right of publication

署名權(quán) right of authorship; right of paternity

修改權(quán) right of modification; right of revision

完整性保持權(quán) right to maintain integrity

不可侵犯權(quán) inviolability

收回權(quán) right of recall; right of retrieval

自費(fèi)出版 publish a book at the author’s own expen

著作財(cái)產(chǎn)權(quán) property right in work

使用收益分享權(quán) right to share usufruct

利用權(quán) right to make u of

獲得報(bào)酬權(quán) right to get payment

重播權(quán) right of rebroadcasting

錄制權(quán) right of fixation

機(jī)械復(fù)制權(quán) right of mechanograph; right of mechanical reproduction

著作鄰接權(quán) neighboring right of copyright

剽竊 plagiary; plagiarism

盜版 pirate

盜版VCD pirated VCD

偽造 forge

工業(yè)產(chǎn)權(quán) industrial property

專利權(quán) patent right

優(yōu)先權(quán)日 priority date

申請(qǐng)?jiān)谙仍瓌t prior application rule

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使用在先 priority of u

新穎性 novelty

創(chuàng)造性 creativity

實(shí)用性 practicability

發(fā)明創(chuàng)造 invention and creation

實(shí)用新型 utility model

外觀設(shè)計(jì) design; industrial design

發(fā)明權(quán) right of invention

發(fā)現(xiàn)權(quán) right of discovery

專利申請(qǐng) patent application

專利異議 objection to a patent

專利公告 patent gazette

專利續(xù)展費(fèi) renewal fee of patent

專利許可協(xié)議 patent licensing agreement

技術(shù)訣竅 know-how

專有技術(shù) know-how

專利證書 certificate of patent

專利事務(wù)所 patent office

專利代理 patent agency

中華人民共和國(guó)專利局 Patent Office of the People’s Republic of China

商標(biāo)權(quán) trademark right

商標(biāo)國(guó)際注冊(cè) international registration of trademark

商品商標(biāo) commodity trademark

服務(wù)商標(biāo) rvice trademark

馳名商標(biāo) reputed trademark

廣告商標(biāo) advertiment trademark

近似商標(biāo) similar trademark

商標(biāo)評(píng)審委員會(huì) trade review and appraisal board

商標(biāo)審查 trademark examination

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商標(biāo)侵權(quán) trademark infringement

商標(biāo)注冊(cè) registered trademark

商標(biāo)公告 trademark gazette

注冊(cè)商標(biāo)使用許可 licensing of registered trademark

注冊(cè)商標(biāo)轉(zhuǎn)讓 assignment of registered trademark

商標(biāo)使用許可協(xié)議 trademark licensing agreement

商標(biāo)事務(wù)所 trademark office

商標(biāo)代理 trademark agency

婚姻、家庭、繼承、收養(yǎng) marriage, family, inheritance, adoption

婚姻法 marital law; marriage law

包辦婚姻 arranged marriage

財(cái)產(chǎn)分割 partition; dismemberment of property

重婚 bigamy

獨(dú)生子女 only child

法律婚 legal marriage

非婚生子女 illegitimate child

夫妻共同財(cái)產(chǎn) community property

夫妻關(guān)系 conjugal relationship

夫妻分居 divorce a mensa et thoro; divorce from bed and board

復(fù)婚 resumption of marriage

感情破裂 incompatibility

婚后財(cái)產(chǎn)公證 notarization of postnuptial properties

婚姻登記 marriage registration

婚生子女 ligitimate child

計(jì)劃生育 birth control

結(jié)婚 marry

離婚 divorce

買賣婚姻 mercenary marriage

擬制血親 blood relations in fiction of law

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旁系血親 collateral relation blood relation

涉外婚姻 marriage with foreign elements

配偶 spou

事實(shí)婚 de facto marriage

訴訟離婚 divorce by litigation

探視權(quán) visitation right

同居 cohabitation

晚婚 late marriage

無效婚姻 void marriage

協(xié)議離婚 divorce by agreement

一夫一妻制 monogamy

早婚 early marriage

直系血親 lineal descent

自然血親 natural blood relation

收養(yǎng)法 adoption law

收養(yǎng)協(xié)議 adoption agreement

收養(yǎng)人 adoptive parent

送養(yǎng)人 person or institution placing out a child for adoption

涉外收養(yǎng) adoption with foreign elements

繼承法 inheritance law; law of succession

法定繼承 legal ccession

遺囑繼承 intestate succession

遺贈(zèng)繼承 succession by devi

自然繼承 natural succession

代位繼承 reprentation; succession by subrogation

世襲繼承 hereditary succession

間接繼承 indirect succession

轉(zhuǎn)繼承 subsuccession

共同繼承 joint succession

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單獨(dú)繼承 single succession

繼承人 heir; successor

第二順序繼承人 successor cond in order

第一順序繼承人 successor first in order

繼承參與人 succession participant

遺產(chǎn) inheritance; heritage

遺產(chǎn)繼承人 heir to property; inheritor

遺言 last will and testament

遺書 last words

遺贈(zèng) bequest; legacy; devi

遺贈(zèng)撫養(yǎng)協(xié)議 legacy-support ageement

四、 商事法律

會(huì)計(jì)法 accounting law

稅法 tax law; taxation law

反不正當(dāng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)法 anti-unfair competition law

消費(fèi)者權(quán)益保護(hù)法 consumer’s interest protection law

產(chǎn)品責(zé)任法 production liability law

消費(fèi)者權(quán)益法 consumer rights and interests law

公司法 company law; corporate law

公司 company; corporation

有限責(zé)任公司 limited liability company

股份有限公司 company limited by shares

無限公司 unlimited company

股份兩合公司 joint stock limited liability partnership

兩合公司 joint liability company

控股公司 holding company

集團(tuán)公司 group company

合資公司 joint venture company

聯(lián)營(yíng)公司 associated company; affiliated company

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國(guó)營(yíng)公司 state-own company

國(guó)有公司 state-owned company

民營(yíng)公司 civilian-run company

本國(guó)公司 national/domestic company

外國(guó)公司 foreign company

上市公司 listed company

母公司 parent company

子公司 subsidiary

皮包公司 briefca company; fundless company

募集設(shè)立 incorporation by stock floatation

發(fā)起人 floater; initiator

公司名稱 name of company

公司住址 domicile of company

出資 contribution; capital subscription

現(xiàn)金出資 investment in cash

實(shí)物出資 investment in kind

工業(yè)產(chǎn)權(quán)出資 investment in industrial property right

非專有技術(shù)出資 investment in non-patent technology

勞務(wù)出資 investment in labor

高新技術(shù)成果出資 investment in hi-tech achievements

注冊(cè)資本 registered capital

實(shí)繳資本 paid-in capital

驗(yàn)資報(bào)告 capital verification report

會(huì)計(jì)師事務(wù)所 certified public accountants

注冊(cè)會(huì)計(jì)師 certified public accountant

資本三原則 three doctrine of capital

資本確定原則 doctrine of capital determination

資本維持原則 doctrine of capital maintenance

資本不變?cè)瓌t doctrine of unchanging capital

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最低資本額制度 minimum capital system

公司章程 articles of association; articles of incorporation; bylaw

公司登記 incorporation; corporate registration

公司存續(xù) existence of company

公司合并分立 merger and split of company

公司并購 corporate merger and acquisition

公司管理 corporate governance; company management

公司法律顧問 corporate counl

公司整頓 company rectification

公司歇業(yè) closure of business

公司和解 company composition

公司解散 company dissolution

公司清算 company liquidation

公司清理 company winding-up

競(jìng)業(yè)禁止 non-commpete; competition prohibition

招股章程 prospectus

股本 stock capital

股東 shareholder

股東大會(huì) shareholders’ meeting

股東大會(huì)決議 resolution of shareholders’ meeting

股東大會(huì)議事規(guī)則 rule of procedure of shareholders’ meeting

表決權(quán) voting right; right to vote

董事 director

董事長(zhǎng) president/chairman of the board

首席執(zhí)行官 chief executive officer(CEO)

首席運(yùn)營(yíng)官 chief operation officer(COO)

執(zhí)行董事 executive director

常務(wù)董事 managing director

董事會(huì) board of directors

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董事會(huì)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下的經(jīng)理負(fù)責(zé)制 responsibility system of the chief executive officer under the

leadership of the board of directors

經(jīng)理獨(dú)立負(fù)責(zé)制 manager independent responsibility system

監(jiān)事 supervisor

監(jiān)事會(huì) board of supervisors

股 share; stock

普通股 common stock

特別股 special stock

資格股 qualification stock

優(yōu)先股 preferred stock

劣后股 inferior stock

表決權(quán)股 stock with voting power

溢價(jià)股 premium stock

折價(jià)股 converting stock

國(guó)家股 state-owned share

集體股 collective share

法人股 corporate share

企業(yè)股 enterpri share

個(gè)人股 individual share

股息 dividend

紅股 bonus stock; dividend stock

法定公積金 legal accumulation fund

資本公積金 capital accumulation fund

盈余公積金 surplus accumulation fund

任意公積金 optional accumulation fund

公司犯罪 corporate crime

證券法 curities law

證券發(fā)行 issuance of curities

證券上市 list curities; float an issue

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證券交易所 stock exchange

證券商 curities dealer

證券公司 curities company

證券承銷商 consortium of underwriters

證券承銷合同 underwriting contract

證券經(jīng)紀(jì)人 curities broker

披露制度 disclosing system

交割日 closing date

風(fēng)險(xiǎn)投資基金 venture capital fund

上海證券交易所 Shanghai Stock Exchange

深圳證券交易所 Shenzhen Stock Exchange

證券監(jiān)督委員會(huì) curities supervision committee

票據(jù)法 law of negotiable instrument

票據(jù) notes; bills; commercial instruments

商業(yè)票據(jù) bill; commercial instrument

遠(yuǎn)期票據(jù) time bill;; long-dated bill

到期票據(jù) matured bill

即期票據(jù) sight bill

記名票據(jù) bill payable to order; note to order

不記名票據(jù) bearer instrument

本票 promissory note

支票 cheque

匯票 bill of exchange

發(fā)票日 ticket day

出票日 date of draft/issue

發(fā)票地 place of draft/issue

票據(jù)到期日 bill to mature

票據(jù)金額 sum of bill

票面價(jià)額 face value

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票據(jù)出票人 drawer

票據(jù)持票人 bill holder

票據(jù)承兌人 bill acceptor

票據(jù)行為 act on commercial paper

承兌票據(jù) honor a bill

票據(jù)議付 negotiation

拒付票據(jù) protest a bill

票據(jù)付款人 drawee

票據(jù)支付人 payer on commercial instrument

票據(jù)收款人 bill collector

票據(jù)背書人 endorr/indorr of a bill

被背書人 endore

票據(jù)保證人 bill guarantor

票據(jù)被保證人 bill pledgee/warrantee

再追索人 renewed recourr

前手 remote holder

后手 subquent endorr

票據(jù)權(quán)利 right of bill

票據(jù)期限 term of bill; tenor

票據(jù)債務(wù)人 debtor of commercial instrument

追索權(quán) right of recour

票據(jù)抗辯 exception to bill

票據(jù)喪失 loss of bill

票據(jù)時(shí)效 prescription of exchanges

票據(jù)貼現(xiàn) discount of bill

再貼現(xiàn) rediscount of bill

恩惠期間 term of benevolence

票據(jù)代理 agency for notes/bills/commercial instruments

海商法 maritime law

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船舶國(guó)籍證書 certificate of registry; certificate of ship’s nationality

船棋國(guó) flag country

船舶所有權(quán)證書 certificate of ship ownership

船舶檢驗(yàn) register of ship

船舶保險(xiǎn) insurance on hull

船舶保險(xiǎn)單 hull insurance policy

船舶登記證書 certificate of registry

船舶丈量 tonnage measurement of ships

船舶進(jìn)港費(fèi) groundage

船舶抵押 ship mortgage

船舶租賃 ship chartering

船舶轉(zhuǎn)租 ship subchartering

船舶所有人責(zé)任限制 limitation of liabilities of ship owners

船舶碰撞 ship collision

船舶遇難 maritime distress

海上災(zāi)難 perils of the a

海上拖航 marine towage

船舶扣押 detention of ship

船舶債權(quán) ship’s credit

船級(jí)社 classification society

船級(jí)證書 certificate of class

海上留置權(quán) maritime lien

船舶留置權(quán) maritime lien

船舶抵押權(quán) maritime mortgage

海上優(yōu)先請(qǐng)求權(quán) priority claim to agoing ships

救助優(yōu)先權(quán) priority claim to salvage

共同海損優(yōu)先權(quán) priority claim to general average

服務(wù)優(yōu)先權(quán) priority claim to rvice

貨物損害優(yōu)先權(quán) priority claim to cargo damage

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傳播抵押借款和貨物抵押借款優(yōu)先權(quán) priority claim to ship credit and goods credit

海運(yùn)合同 shipping contract

提單 bill of lading(B/L)

空艙費(fèi) dead freight

租船費(fèi) charterage

租船合同 charter-party contract of affreightment

期租船合同 time charter-party; time CP

航次租船合同 voyage charter-party

定期租船合同 time charter-party

光船租船合同 bareboat charter-party; bareboat CP

包租運(yùn)輸合同 shipping charter-party

海上旅客運(yùn)輸合同 contract for carriage of pasngers by a

遠(yuǎn)洋拖帶合同 contract of ocean towage

港內(nèi)拖帶合同 contract of port towage

海難救助合同 salvage contract

海事報(bào)告 master’s protest;; a protest

海事聲明書 a protest

海事爭(zhēng)議 maritime dispute

海事法院 maritime court;; admiralty court

海事訴訟程序 maritime proceedings

船舶碰撞案件的民事管轄權(quán) civil jurisdiction of a collision

船舶碰撞案件的刑事管轄權(quán) criminal jurisdiction of a collision

海事爭(zhēng)議的審理 hearing/trial of maritime disputes

海事訴訟保全措施 measures for maritime attachment

海事優(yōu)先請(qǐng)求權(quán) preferential right top maritime claim

海事請(qǐng)求保全申請(qǐng)書 application/petition for maritime attachment

海事訴訟法律文書送達(dá) rvice of legal instruments in maritime action/proceedings

涉外海事訴訟管轄權(quán) jurisdiction of maritime action involving for elements

強(qiáng)制變賣被扣押船舶 compulsory realization of the distrained ship

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海事仲裁程序規(guī)則 rules of maritime arbitration procedure

保險(xiǎn)法 insurance law

自愿保險(xiǎn) voluntary insurance

強(qiáng)制保險(xiǎn) compulsory insurance

商業(yè)保險(xiǎn) commercial insurance

財(cái)產(chǎn)保險(xiǎn) property insurance

人身保險(xiǎn) personal insurance

人壽保險(xiǎn) life insurance

健康保險(xiǎn) health insurance

意外保險(xiǎn) accident insurance

社會(huì)保險(xiǎn) social insurance

養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn) endowment insurance

醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn) medical insurance

失業(yè)保險(xiǎn) unemployment insurance

信用保險(xiǎn) credit insurance

保證保險(xiǎn) guaranty insurance

保險(xiǎn)合同 insurance contract

保險(xiǎn)人 insurer; underwriter

被保險(xiǎn)人 the insured

受益人 benificiary

投保人 applicant for insurance;; policy holder

保險(xiǎn)單 insurance policy

保險(xiǎn)標(biāo)的 insurance object

保險(xiǎn)費(fèi) premium

保險(xiǎn)期限 time limit of insurance

保險(xiǎn)利益 insurable interest

保險(xiǎn)金額 insurance; insurance compensation

保險(xiǎn)事故 insurance accident

保險(xiǎn)賠償 insurance indemnity

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保險(xiǎn)代理人 insurance agent

保險(xiǎn)經(jīng)紀(jì)人 insurance broker

索賠 claim

代位索賠 claim by subrogation

理賠 ttlement of claim

代位求償權(quán) right of subrogation

委付 abandonment

退保 cancellation/discharging of insurance

五、刑法總論

刑法學(xué) criminal law; penal law

犯罪學(xué) criminology

犯罪心理學(xué) criminal psychology

勞動(dòng)改造法學(xué) reform-through-labor

中國(guó)刑法史 history of Chine criminal law

比較刑法學(xué) comparative criminal law

刑事偵查 criminal detection

司法精神病學(xué) forensic psychiatry

罪刑法定原則 principal of a legally prescribed punishment for a specified crime

罪刑相適應(yīng)原則 principal of suiting punishment to crime

罪責(zé)自負(fù)原則 principal of bearing responsibility solely for one’s own crime

懲罰與教育相結(jié)合原則 principal of combining punishment with education

從舊原則 the doctrine of obrving old laws

從新原則 the doctrine of obrving new laws

從舊兼從輕原則 the doctrine of obrving old laws and new ones when with lighter punishment

從新兼從輕原則 the doctrine of obrving new laws and old ones when with lighter punishment

追訴時(shí)效 limitation of procution

刑事責(zé)任 criminal liability/responsibility

刑事責(zé)任年齡 age for criminal responsibility

刑事責(zé)任能力 criminal responsibility; capacity for criminal responsibility

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犯罪 crime; commit a crime

故意犯罪 intentional crime; willful crime

過失犯罪 negligent crime

犯罪構(gòu)成 constitution of a crime

犯罪主體 subject of a crime

犯罪客體 object of a crime

犯罪的主觀方面 subjective elements of a crime

犯罪的客觀方面 objective elements of a crime

犯罪對(duì)象 target of a crime

犯罪故意 criminal intent; mens rea

直接故意 actual intent; direct intent

間接故意 indirect intent

犯罪過失 criminal negligence

疏忽大意的過失 careless negligence

過于自信的過失 negligence with undue assumption

不能預(yù)見 unforeeable; unpredictable

不能避免 unavoidable

犯罪動(dòng)機(jī) criminal motive

犯罪目的 criminal intent; criminal purpo

防衛(wèi)過當(dāng) unjustifiable lf-defen

緊急避險(xiǎn) act of rescue; necessity

犯罪既遂 completion of a crime

犯罪未遂 attempted crime

犯罪形態(tài) criminal pattern

犯罪預(yù)備 a crime in preparation; preparation for a crime

犯意表示 expression for a crime

犯罪中止 abandonment/discontinuance of a crime

犯罪中斷 suspension of a crime

行為犯 behavioral offence

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危險(xiǎn)犯 potential damage offence

結(jié)果犯 conquential offence

結(jié)果加重犯 aggregated conquential offence

類推 analogy

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