Feminism

2024年3月26日發(作者：我最敬佩的人500字)

Western scholars ever gave the definition of feminism with the

development of feminist sm includes a ries of movements and

theories that have a common goal: to define, build and realize equal political,

economic, cultural, personal, and social rights for women.

[1][2]

It is involved with

building equal opportunities for women in education and employment.

Feminist movements have proceeded and continued to fight for women’s

rights, including the right to vote, to hold public office, to work, to earn fair wages

or equal pay, to posss property, to get education, to sign contracts, to have as

equal rights as men in marriage, and to have maternity leave. Feminists have also

devoted to promote bodily autonomy and integrity, and to protect women and

girls from rape, xual harassment, and domestic violence.

[3]

Feminism has a history of about three hundred years history of the

modern western feminist movements is divided into three "waves".

[4][5]

Each one is

related with different aspects of the same feminist issues. The first

wave is women’s suffrage movements of the nineteenth and early twentieth

centuries, promoting women's right to vote. The cond wave is associated with

the ideas and actions of the women’s liberation movement beginning in the

1960s. The cond fought for legal and social equality for women. The third

wave is a continuation of, and a reaction to, the perceived failures of cond-wave

feminism, beginning in the 1990s.

[6]

A ries of repeating feminist movements have taken place and many

theories have formed over the long period time. The main parties are as follow:

Liberal Feminist propos individual equality of men and women through political

and legal reform by no means of restructuring the society;Radical Feminism thinks

of the male-controlled capitalist hierarchy as the magnificent cau of women's

oppression and thinks that it is necessary that the society should totally be

emancipated and reconstructed.

[3]

Marxist Feminism argues that capitalism is the

root cau of women's oppression, and that unfair treatment to women in

domestic life and employment is affected by capitalist ideologies.

[7]

Socialist

Feminism, different from Marxist feminism, contends that the only way to achieve

women's liberation can be to eliminate the economic and cultural elements that

resulting in women's oppression.

[8]

Postcolonial feminism considers that colonial

oppression and Western feminism makes postcolonial women marginalized but

actually they become not passive or voiceless.

[9]

Postmodern Feminism makes an

emphasis that it is important to socially construct the gender and the less

systematic nature of reality,

[10]

however Pamela Abbot et ted that we

should insist "the existence of multiple truths and namely avoid the perspective of

simply men and women's standpoints while achieving the goals of feminism ".

[11]

The multiple theories demonstrate the characteristics of Western Feminism.

The development of the theories is inclusive: Wu Qinghong wrote that all that

called themlves feminist named their theories as feminism while different

political proposals, different religious belief and different class stances appeared

since late nineteenth century;the development is complex: sometimes, there were

a variety of feminism that interplay with each other under the same target so that

the theories became diver;voluntary:feminism, as a new idea, was not mature

than patriarchism and even emotional and irrational during feminist movement.

[12]