一般將來時時態用法講解說課講解

一般將來時時態用法

講解

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一般將來時時態

1. 一般將來時的定義

一般將來時表示在現在看來即將要發生的動作或存在的狀態。常用時間副詞

tomorrow, soon或短語next year / week / month, in a few days, in the future,

sometime 做狀語。如：

What will you do this afternoon？ 你今天下午干什么？

We will have a meeting tomorrow. 我們明天要開會。

He is going to study abroad（到國外） next year. 明年他要出國學習。

2. 一般將來時的結構及應用

(1) shall / will + 動詞原形。表示即將發生的動作或存在的狀態。特別是表示客

觀性的事情或在某條件下要發生的事情，只能用此結構。如：

What shall we do if he doesn’t come? 如果他不來，我們該怎么辦？

Will you be free this evening? 今天晚上有空嗎？

I think he will tell us the truth（真相）。 我想他會告訴我們真實情況的。

(2) be going to + 動詞原形。表示已經計劃或安排好了的事情，也可表示有跡象

表明肯定要發生的事情。如：

We are going to have a meeting to discuss （討論）the matter this evening. 今天晚

上開會討論這件事情。

Look at the black clouds over there. I think it is going to rain soon. 看一看那邊的烏

云，我想天要下雨了。

There is going to be an English evening this week. 本周要舉行一個英語晚會。

(3) be +現在分詞。表示即將發生的動作或存在的狀態。這個句型中動詞主要

是瞬間動詞：come, go, leave, arrive, begin, start, stop, clo, open, die, join,

borrow, buy等。如：

Go ahead, and I’m coming. 走前面一點吧，我就來。

The dog is dying. 那條狗要死了。

Hurry up. The shop is closing. 快點，商店就要關門了。

(4) 一般現在時。表示一種嚴格按照計劃進行的動作。比方說，上課、飛機起

飛、火車離站等。如：

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Don’t hurry. The meeting starts at a quarter past eight. 不要匆忙，回憶八點過一刻

開始。

The bus goes back at four thirty. 汽車四點返回。

鞏固練習：

一、用所給動詞的適當形式填空

1. Li Lei tells me he _________________(visit)the Great Wall（長城） this weekend.

2. My mother _________________(buy)me a pair of new trours tomorrow.

3. She says she _________________(leave)soon.

4. We _________________(go) skating if it doesn’t rain next Sunday.

5. There _________________(be)an English evening next week.

6. Think over, and you _________________(get)a good idea.

7. —— ___________Jim ___________(have)a picnic next Monday?

——-No, he __________.

8. I _________________(miss)you after you leave here.

9. Who _________________(teach)you English next year

10. He _________________ (be) back in three hours.

11. Look at the clouds. It ___________________ (rain).

二、改錯：每處劃線中有錯誤，在題后改正

1. He will sing and dances for us tomorrow.

2. Are you going to swim? ------Yes, I will.

3. He will help Jim with his English every day.

4. Will her sister sings a song for me tomorrow?

5. They willn’t plant trees next week.

6. Are they going to plays basketball tomorrow?

7. Will we go to visit the factory tomorrow?

8. Paul will be going to make dumplings for Emma.

9. Are the boys going to the Great Wall next month? ------Yes, they will.

三、句型轉換：

Jim is going to play football tomorrow. Mary will clean the windows next week.

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否定句：____________________________ ______________________________

一般疑問句：_____________________________ ______________________________

兩回答：___________________________ _____________________________

特殊疑問句：______________________ _____________________________

四、選擇題

( )1. —Are you going to _______ our English team?

—Yes, I am.

A. take part in B. join C. took part in D. joined

A. leaving for B. leave for C. leave D. left

D. Have A. is going to have B. is going to beC. will have

D. won’t rain A. isn’t rain B. don’t rain C. doesn’t rain

D. will be A. will have B. has C. have

“Would you mind doing…”句型透視

mind用作動詞時，習慣后接動名詞（短語）作賓語，而不接動詞不定式，常

用于Would you mind doing…？句型中，具體用法是：

1. “Would you mind doing…？”句型常用于表示請求，意思是“請你做……

你是否介意？、請你做……好嗎？”，是一種比較客氣的表達方式。如：

Would you mind turning off the light in the room？請你把房間里的燈關掉好

嗎？

如果要表示“請你不要做……你是否介意？、請你不要做……好嗎？”，只

需要在doing前面加上not.如：

Would you mind not standing in front of me？請你不要站在我的前面好嗎？

2. 如果同意，表示不介意時，可用如下用語來表達：

( )2. Xu Xia and her teammates are _______ the USA next week.

( )3. There _______ an English party in our class next week.

( ) 4. If it _______ tomorrow, we will go to the park.

( )5. There ______ a football match next week. Shall we go and watch it?

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Certainly/Of cour not./Not at all./No， not at all； 如果不同意，表示介意

時，常用“Sorry/I‘m sorry.”（對不起）及陳述某種理由來表示拒絕或反對。

如：

—Would you mind going to the movies this evening？今晚去看電影好嗎？

—I‘m sorry. But I haven’t finished my homework yet.

對不起，我的作業還沒有完成。

學習時還要注意：

1.“Would you mind doing…？”句型中的would也可用do代替，但語氣較

生硬，不如用would客氣。

2.“Would you mind doing…？”句型中的邏輯主語只能是談話的對方you.如

果想要對方允許自己做某事，可用“Would you mind my doing…？”句型，如：

Would you mind my smoking here？

你介意我在這里吸煙嗎？

鞏固練習：

一、用下面提供的短語完成句子。

1. help me wash my clothes

Would you mind ______________________________？

2. give her a cup of tea

Would you mind _______________________________？

3. help him mend his car

Do you have _______________________________？

4. walk on the road

Would you mind _______________________________ on the road？

二、選擇題

( )1. —Would you mind _______ us in the game?

—Not at all.

A. joining B. join C. join in D. joining in

—I’d love to. But I _______ play table tennis against Class Three.

( )2. —Would you like to climb mountains with me this Sunday?

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A. am going B. am going to C. am D. going to

—I’m sorry about that. I’ll go somewhere el.

A. no smoking B. not smoking C. no smoke D. not smoke

( )3. —Would you mind _______here?

had better用法詳解

1. had better 的基本用法特點

其意為“最好”、“應該”，后接動詞原形，與情態動詞should用法相似，其中的had通

常縮略為 ’d：

You’d better get some sleep．你最好去睡一會兒。

We had better go before it rains. 我們最好在下雨前就去。

2. had better 如何構成否定式和疑問式

構成否定式時，通常將not置于had better之后(而不是had之后)；而構成疑問式時，

則通常將had(而不是had better)置于主語之前：

I’d better not disturb him．我最好別去打擾他。

What had we better do? 我們最好怎么辦?

練習題

( )1. —I’m afraid you have a cold. You’d better go to e a doctor.

—_______

A. No, I have no time. B. That’s a good idea.

C. It’s very kind of you. D. I’m sorry to hear that.

—You’d better eat _______ meat and _______ fruits.

A. less; more B. less; less C. more; less D. more; more

( )2. —I’m fat. What should I do?

bad for him.

A. to give up B. not to give up C. to give it up D. not give it up

( )4. —I have a stomachache. What should I do?

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( )3. You had better ask your brother _______ playing computer games. It’s

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—You _______ drink sweet water and _______ eat sweet food.

A. had better not; shouldn’t B. should; had better

C. had better; had better D. shouldn’t; should

—You should _______.

A. drink lots of water B. take a rest

C. e a dentist D. have a good sleep

( )5. —I have a toothache.

情態動詞的基本用法歸納

情態動詞有can (could), may (might), must, have to, shall (should, will

(would), need (needed), ought to等。 情態動詞無人稱和數的變化；不能單獨使

用，必須與其后的動詞原形構成謂語。

一、 can, could

1. 表示能力（體力、知識、技能）。

Can you lift this heavy box?（體力）

Mary can speak three languages.（知識）

Can you skate?（技能）

2.表示請求和允許。

-----Can I go now?

----- Yes, you can. / No, you can’t.

此時可與may互換。在疑問句中還可用could,might代替，不是過去式，

只是語氣更委婉，不能用于肯定句和答語中。

---- Could I come to e you tomorrow?

---- Yes, you can. ( No, I’m afraid not. )

3.表示客觀可能性（客觀原因形成的能力）。

They’ve changed the timetable, so we can go by bus instead.

This hall can hold 500 people at least.

4.表示推測（驚訝、懷疑、不相信的態度），用于疑問句、否定句和感嘆句

中。

Can this be true?

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This can’t be done by him.

How can this be true?

二、 may, might

1. 表示請求和允許。might比 may語氣更委婉，而不是過去式。否定回答時

可用can’t或mustn’t，表示“不可以，禁止”。

----Might/ May I smoke in this room?

---- No, you mustn’t.

---- May/Might I take this book out of the room?

---- Yes, you can. (No, you can’t / mustn’t. )

用？征徇對方許可時比較正式和客氣，而用？在口語中更

常見。

2.用于祈使句，表示祝愿。

May you succeed!

3. 表示推測、可能性（不用于疑問句）。

might不是過去式，它所表示的可能性比may小。

1．He may /might be very busy now.

2．Your mother may /might not know the truth.

三、 must, have to

1. 表示必須、必要。

You must come in time.

在回答引出的問句時，如果是否定的，不能用mustn’t（禁止，不準），

而用needn’t, don’t have to（不必）.

---- Must we hand in our exerci books today?

---- Yes, you must.

---- No, you don’t have to / you needn’t.

2. must是說話人的主觀看法， 而have to則強調客觀需要。must只有一般現

在時， have to 有更多的時態形式。

1） he play isn’t interesting, I really must go now.

2） I had to work when I was your age.

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3.表示推測、可能性（只用于肯定的陳述句）

1） You’re Tom’s good friend, so you must know what he likes best.

2） Your mother must be waiting for you now.

四、need

作情態動詞用時, 常用于疑問句、否定句。在肯定句中一般用must,

have to, ought to, should代替。

1）You needn’t come so early.

2） ---- Need I finish the work today?

---- Yes, you must. / No, you needn’t.

2. need作實義動詞用時， 有人稱、時態和數的變化。而need后面只能接帶to

的不定式。

He needs to finish his homework today.

五、 shall, should

用于第一人稱，征求對方的意見。

What shall we do this evening?

用于第二、三人稱，表示說話人給對方的命令、警告、允諾或威脅。

1）.You shall fail if you don’t work hard.(警告)

2）He shall have the book when I finish it.(允諾)

3）He shall be punished.(威脅)

六、 will, would

1.表示請求、建議等，would更委婉。

Will / Would you pass me the ball, plea?

2..表示意志、愿望和決心。

1）. I will never do that again.

2.） They asked him if he would go abroad.

3. would表示過去反復發生的動作或某種傾向。would表示過去習慣時比ud

to正式，且沒有“現已無此習慣”的含義。

1）. During the vacation, he would visit me every other day.

2）. The wound would not heal.

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七、 should

表示“應該”

1）. I should help her becau she is in trouble.

2.表示推測should , (客觀推測), must(主觀推測)。

1）.He must be home by now. (斷定他已到家)

2）He ought to/should be home by now.(不太肯定)

3） This is where the oil must be.(直爽)

4）This is where the oil ought to/should be.(含蓄)

練習題

( )1. —May I ask you some questions, Dr. Wang?

—_______

A. You’re welcome. B. Sure, go ahead.

C. No, I’m busy. D. Yes, you must.

—No, you _______. You’re too young. You should look after yourlf.

A. mustn’t B. don’t C. can’t D. don’t have to

—I’m afraid you _______.

A. should not B. can’t C. must not D. may not

—No, you don’t have to.

A. opening B. opened C. to open D. open

( )2. —Must I take part in the activity?

( )3. —May I watch TV, Mom?

( )4. —Must we keep the window _______ all the time?

( )5. —Must I take the medicine every day?

—No, you _______.

A. must B. mustn’t C. needn’t D. can’t

A. can B. may C. have to D. maybe

—Sure, _______.

( )6. My mother is ill. I _______ stay at home to take care of her.

( )7. —May I u your dictionary, Lily?

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A. go ahead B. you can ask Bill C. you can’t D. that’s all right

反身代詞用法歸納

一、反身代詞的基本形式

反身代詞是 onelf根據所指詞的人稱、性別、單復數等的變化可以有 mylf,

himlf, herlf, yourlf, itlf, ourlves, yourlves, themlves 等形式。

二、onelf與himlf

當one指人時，其相應的反身代詞通常用onelf, 在美國英語中也可用

himlf：

One should not prai onelf [himlf]. 一個人不應該自吹自擂。

三、反身代詞的句法功能：

1. 用作同位語(加強被修飾詞的語氣，緊放在被修飾名詞后, 或句末：

The box itlf is not so heavy. 箱子本身并不重。

Martin himlf attended the sick man. 馬丁親自照顧病人。

2. 用作賓語(動詞或介詞的賓語)：

Take good care of yourlf. 照顧好自己。

She could not make herlf understood. 她不能使別人聽懂她的話。

The child cried himlf to sleep. 孩子哭著哭著睡著了。

3. 用作表語

The poor boy was mylf. 那個可憐的孩子就是我自己。

The ones who really want it are ourlves. 真正想要它的是我們自己。

代詞列表

人稱代詞 人稱代詞 形容詞性 名詞性 反身代詞

主格 賓格 物主代詞 物主代詞

I me my mine mylf

we us our ours ourlves

you you your yours yourlf

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yourlves

she her her hers herlf

he him his his himlf

it it its its itlf

they them their theirs themlves

主格做主語 賓格做賓語 放在名詞前 替代形代+名

放在動詞介詞不可單獨用 反身代詞

后 不可與名詞連

詞

用

( )1. —He plays basketball so well! Who taught _______?

—He learnt it by _______.

A. him; him B. himlf; himlf C. him; himlf D. himlf; him

by后接

要求四會的單詞

名詞

體育運動

team match football tennis baball

skating rowing cycling basketball soccer

人物或稱謂類

person player musician scientist pilot

policeman policewoman postman fisherman

hero grandfather grandmother grandparents

物品類

basket cup paper gold record brush ring

處所類

grass theatre/theater muum factory

身體健康類

body health toothache headache fever

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cough stomachache illness medicine heart

食品飲料類

coffee tea candy fruit sugar

tomato+es potato+es salt watermelon sandwich

strawberry beef biscuit meal

時間類

age century weekend

文化信息類

information website Internet dictionary

knowledge message passage culture

其他

shower fact care advice(a piece of advice) news pity

article smoke risk question habit world

war introduction note smile peace

south middle taxi answer litter voice score line

phone example skill

point chance suggestion mind side

dream future friendship jump part

形容詞或副詞

weak←→strong least ←→most popular←→unpopular

healthy =fit←→ill fat ←→thin dirty←→clean

uful←→ uless dark←→bright hungry←→ full

dead←→alive cheap ←→expensive=dear true←→ fal

correct←→ wrong possible ←→impossible quite excited /exciting

tired/tiring

certainly badly really finally even

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famous mad angry main successful enough terrible

rious still funny active modern necessary

動詞：

win cheer row join skate cycle

dream grow spend jump relax

leave kick pass throw fight

enjoy/practice/ finish/ mind +doing sth. advi kill

invent become follow hold score

point hit hear ring stand feel break record

suggest lift boil brush

lie cry care check worry cau

smoke taste force risk build happen

介詞

against through without off except

詞組薈萃

名詞詞組

table tennis the day after tomorrow day and night

ice cream potato chips first aid relay race

動詞詞組

grow up be good for

be good at=do well in←→do badly in take part in keep fit leave for

fall ill give sb. a hand shout at sb.

do one’s best=try one’s best be angry with talk about

come into being stand for have a cold lie down

worry about go ahead build sb. up take care of

介詞詞組及其他

for example at least in fact as...as possible in the future

on the other hand instead of all over at first

課本中出現的詞組或搭配歸納

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be able to be sure be interested in e sb. do/doing sth

join the school rowing team join sb spend ... doing sth

the high jump the long jump turn ... make sb./sth. +adj.

all over the world help sb. do sth play against have fun

the most popular sports stop sb from doing sth. such as/for example

hundreds of years the boys’ 800-meter race lots of = a lot of

make friends with sb. win the first place next time

look/ get well/better take one’s advice

take medicine take/have a bath have/take a rest

feel like doing sth. go up go out

fall down nothing rious stay up

have a good rest do morning/eye exercis tell/ask sb to do sth.

give up show sb. sth.= show sth. to sb. too much

重句大本營

1. —What are you going to do?

—I’m going to play basketball.

2. —Would you like to come and cheer us on?

—Sure，I’d love to.

3. —Which sport do you prefer, swimming or rowing?

—I prefer rowing.

4. —Are you going to join the school rowing team?

—Yes, I am./ No, I’m not.

5. —What’s your favorite sport, ________ ?

—Basketball, of cour.

6. —Who’s your favorite player?

—LeBron James.

7. —What are you going to be when you grow up?

—I’m going to be a scientist.

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8. —Why do you like playing soccer?

—Becau it makes him strong and it’s popular all over the world.

9. —_______, could you help me(=give me a hand), plea?

—Sure.

10. —Will you join us?

—I’d be glad to.

11. —Would you mind teaching me?

—Not at all. You can do it!

12. —Would you mind not putting your bike here?

—Sorry. I’ll put it somewhere el.

13. —_______, I am sorry for what I said.(賓語從句）

—It’s nothing.

14. —Will you take part in the school sports meet?

—Of cour I will.

15. —Which sport will you take part in?

—The boys’ 800-meter race.

16. —Hello, is _______ in ?

—Speaking.

17. —What shall we take?

—We’ll take our sports clothes and sports shoes.

18. —Shall I take my camera?

—Good idea! It’ll be fun

19. —When shall we meet?

—Let’s make it half past six.

20. —Where shall we meet?

—At my hou.

21. —Hello, _________! You don’t look well. What’s wrong with you？=What’s

the matter with you?=What is the matter with you?

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—I have a toothache/backache/stomachache/headache/fever.(I have the flu.)

22. —I hope you’ll get well soon.

—Thank you.

23. —How long have you been like this?

—Two days./For two days.

24. —You’d better take some medicine.

—I think I will.

25. —How are you feeling today?

—Not too bad.

26. —Staying up late is bad for your health.

—Right! I must have a good rest.

27. —May I ask you some questions, Dr. Li?

—Sure, go ahead.

28. —Must we go to e a doctor at once when we have the flu?

—Yes, we must./No, we needn’t.(we don’t have to).

29. —Could I speak to Dr. Li Yuping?

30. —I’m afraid he is busy right now.

—Can I leave a message ?

—Sure, go ahead.

其他重要句型

1. She spends half an hour exercising in the gym every day.

2. There is going to be a school sports meet next weekend.

3. They are leaving for Japan the day after tomorrow.

4. Basketball is one of the most popular sports in the United States and other parts

of the world.

5. It’s important for you and the other players to play as a team.

6. With hundreds of years’ history, it is one of the most popular sports in England.

7. The Summer Olympics and Winter Olympics are both held every four years.

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8. You’d better stay in bed and not move your left leg too much.

9. Follow the doctor’s advice, and you’ll get well soon.=If you follow the doctor’s

advice, you’ll get well soon.

10. Be careful not to eat too much salt or sugar.

11. But his mother made him taste it.

12. They must give up smoking as soon as possible.

13. Playing sports can also help you keep fit.

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