西安及景點(diǎn)介紹：中英文對(duì)照(權(quán)威發(fā)布)

Introduction of Xi’an

Xi’an City

Xi'an (Chine: 西安), is the capital of Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China. It is located in the

center of the Guanzhong Plain in Northwestern China. One of the oldest cities in China, Xi'an is the

oldest of the Four Great Ancient Capitals, having held the position under veral of the most

important dynasties in Chine history, including Western Zhou, Qin, Western Han, Sui, and Tang.

Xi'an is the starting point of the Silk Road and home to the Terracotta Army of Emperor Qin Shi

Huang.

西安,是陜西省的省會(huì),中國人民共和國。它位于關(guān)中平原的中心在中國西北。中國最古老的城市之一,西安是最古老

的四大古都,是多個(gè)歷史上最重要的朝代的首都,包括西周、秦、西漢、隋、唐。西安是絲綢之路的起點(diǎn),皇帝秦始皇

的兵馬俑。

Since the 1990s, as part of the economic revival of inland China especially for the central and

northwest regions, the city of Xi'an has re-emerged as an important cultural, industrial and

educational center of the central-northwest region, with facilities for rearch and development,

national curity and China's space exploration program. As of 2015 Xi'an has a population of

8,705,600 . It is the most populous city in Northwest China, as well as one of the three most populous

cities in Western China.

自1990年代以來,隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇的一部分內(nèi)陸中國尤其是中部和西北地區(qū),西安的城市再度成為一個(gè)重要的文

化,central-northwest地區(qū)的工業(yè)和教育中心,為研究和發(fā)展設(shè)施,國家安全和中國的太空探索計(jì)劃。2015年西安有

8705600人口。它是中國西北地區(qū)人口最多的城市,以及一個(gè)在中國西部人口最多的三個(gè)城市。

The two Chine characters "西安" in the name Xi'an mean "West, Peace".

兩個(gè)漢字“西安”在西安這個(gè)名字的意思是“西方,和平”。

Xi'an lies on the Guanzhong Plain in the south-central part of Shaanxi province, on a flood plain

created by the eight surrounding rivers and streams. The city has an average elevation of 400 meters

above a level. The Wei River provides potable water to the city.

西安位于陜西省關(guān)中平原中南部的部分,在泛濫平原由八個(gè)周圍的河流和小溪。這座城市海拔平均海拔400米。渭

河提供飲用水。

The city borders the northern foot of the Qin Mountains (Qinling) to the south, and the banks of the

Wei River to the north. Hua Shan, one of the five sacred Taoist mountains, is located 100 km away to

the east of the city. Not far to the north is the Loess Plateau.

城市邊界的北腳秦山脈南部(秦嶺),和銀行的渭河。華山,五道教名山之一,位于100公里以外的東部的城市。北不遠(yuǎn)

是黃土高原。

Xi'an has a temperate climate that is influenced by the East Asian monsoon. The Wei River valley is

characterized by hot, humid summers, cold, dry winters, and dry springs and autumns. Most of the

annual precipitation is delivered from July to late October.

西安氣候溫和,受東亞季風(fēng)的影響。渭河流域的特點(diǎn)是熱,潮濕的夏天,寒冷干燥的冬天,干燥的春天和秋天。大部分的

年降水量從7月到10月下旬交付。

Xi’an was chon to host the 2011 World Horticultural Exposition, from April 28 to October 28, 2011.

西安被選為主辦2011年世界園藝博覽會(huì),從4月28日到10月28日。

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1. Fortifications of Xi'an (Xi'an City Wall)

The city is surrounded by a well-prerved city wall which was re-constructed in the 14th century

during the early Ming dynasty and was bad on the inner imperial palace of Tang dynasty.

這個(gè)城市的周圍是一個(gè)保存完好的城墻改造在14世紀(jì)早期明朝,是基于唐代的內(nèi)在皇宮。

The fortifications of Xi'an (Chine: 西安城墻), also known as Xi'an City Wall, in Xi'an, an ancient

capital of China, reprent one of the oldest, largest and best prerved Chine city walls. It was

built under the rule of the Hongwu Emperor Zhu Yuanzhang as a military defen system.

西安的防御工事,也被稱為西安城墻,在西安,一個(gè)古老的中國的資本,代表了最古老的之一,中國最大和保存最完整的

城墻。它建于法治洪武皇帝朱元璋的軍事防御體系。

The Xi'an City Wall is on the tentative list of UNESCO's World Heritage Site under the title "City Walls

of the Ming and Qing Dynasties". Since 2008, it is also on the list of the State Administration of

Cultural Heritage of the People's Republic of China. Since March 1961, the Xi'an City Wall is a

heritage National Historical and Cultural Unit.

西安城墻是聯(lián)合國教科文組織的世界文化遺產(chǎn)預(yù)備名單的標(biāo)題下的“明清城墻”。自2008年以來,它也在名單上的國

家文物局的中華人民共和國。1961年3月以來,西安城墻是一個(gè)國家歷史文化遺產(chǎn)單位。

The Xi'an Wall is rectangular in shape and has a total length of 14 kilometer. Along the top of the wall

is a walkway, which would typically take four hours to cover. It is built in the Chine architecture

style. As a defen fortification, it was constructed with a moat, drawbridges, watch towers, corner

towers, parapet walls and gate towers. The wall is 12 meters in height with a width of 12–14 meters

at the top and ba width of 15–18 meters. Ramparts are built at intervals of 120 meters, projecting

from the main wall. There are parapets on the outer side of the wall, built with 5,984 crenels, which

form "altogether protruding ramparts". There are four watch towers, located at the corners and the

moat that surrounds the wall has a width of 18 meters and depth of 6 meters.

西安城墻是長(zhǎng)方形的,總長(zhǎng)度為14公里。沿墻的頂部是一個(gè)走道,這通常需要四個(gè)小時(shí)。它是建立在中國的建筑風(fēng)格。

國防防御工事,這是由一條護(hù)城河,吊橋,瞭望塔,城樓,欄桿墻壁和門的城樓。墻上是12米高12 - 14米寬的頂部和底

寬15米。城墻每隔120米,預(yù)計(jì)從主墻。有護(hù)欄外的一面墻上,由5984個(gè)槍眼,形成“完全突出城墻”。有四個(gè)瞭望塔,

位于角落的護(hù)城河圍繞著墻寬18米和6米的深度。

2. Terracotta Army (Terra-Cotta Warriors)

The Mausoleum of Qin Shi Huang and his Terracotta Army are located 40 km to the east of the city

center, in the city's suburbs.

秦始皇的陵墓和他的兵馬俑位于市中心以東40公里,在這個(gè)城市的郊區(qū)。

The Terracotta Army (simplified Chine: 兵馬俑) is a collection of terracotta sculptures depicting the

armies of Qin Shi Huang, the first Emperor of China. It is a form of funerary art buried with the

emperor in 210–209 BCE and who purpo was to protect the emperor in his afterlife.

兵馬俑是一家集Terracotta雕塑描繪了秦始皇的軍隊(duì),中國的第一個(gè)皇帝。這是一種藝術(shù)與皇帝埋在公元前210 -

209年,其目的是為了保護(hù)皇帝在他的來世。

The figures were discovered in 1974 by local farmers in Lintong District, Xi'an, Shaanxi province. The

figures vary in height according to their roles, with the tallest being the generals. The figures include

warriors, chariots and hors. Estimates in 2007 were that the three pits containing the Terracotta

Army held more than 8,000 soldiers, 130 chariots with 520 hors and 150 cavalry hors, the

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majority of which remained buried in the pits nearby Qin Shi Huang's mausoleum. Other terracotta

non-military figures were found in other pits, including officials, acrobats, strongmen and musicians.

兵馬俑被發(fā)現(xiàn)于1974年由當(dāng)?shù)剞r(nóng)民在臨潼地區(qū),陜西西安。兵馬俑的角色不同，高度也不同，最高的是將軍。包括

戰(zhàn)士,戰(zhàn)車和馬匹。這三個(gè)包含兵馬俑坑了8000多名士兵,戰(zhàn)車130輛和520匹馬和150騎兵馬,其中大部分仍埋在

坑附近的秦始皇的陵墓。其他非軍事人物被發(fā)現(xiàn)在其他坑,包括官員、雜技演員、強(qiáng)人和音樂家。

The tomb appears to be a hermetically-aled space roughly the size of a football pitch (c. 100 x 75

m). The tomb remains unopened, possibly due to concerns over prervation of its artifacts. For

example, after the excavation of the Terracotta Army, the painted surface prent on some

terracotta figures began to flake and fade. The lacquer covering the paint can curl in fifteen conds

once expod to Xi'an's dry air and can flake off in just four minutes.

墓似乎是一個(gè)密封的空間大約一個(gè)足球場(chǎng)的大小(100 x 100m)。墳?zāi)挂廊晃撮_封,可能由于擔(dān)心保存的工件。例如,

在兵馬俑的發(fā)掘,油漆表面出現(xiàn)在一些秦俑開始剝落和褪色。漆覆蓋油漆可以在15秒內(nèi)旋度一旦接觸到西安的干燥

的空氣和能剝落在僅僅四分鐘。

The terracotta figures are life-sized. They vary in height, uniform, and hairstyle in accordance with

rank. Their faces appear to be different for each individual figure, scholars however have identified

10 basic face shapes. There are however many variations in the uniforms within the ranks. There are

also terracotta hors placed among the warrior figures.

真人大小的陶俑。他們?cè)诟叨炔煌?/span>,制服,按照等級(jí)和發(fā)型。臉上似乎為每個(gè)單獨(dú)的圖不同,然而

學(xué)者發(fā)現(xiàn)了10個(gè)基本臉型。然而有許多變化中的制服。在兵俑間還有一些馬匹。

A collection of 120 objects from the mausoleum and 12 terracotta warriors were displayed at the

British Muum in London as its special exhibition "The First Emperor: China's Terracotta Army" from

13 September 2007 to April 2008. Other exhibitions were held in Barcelona, USA.

3. Bell Tower & Drum Tower

The Bell Tower of Xi'an (Chine: 西安鐘樓), built in 1384 during the early Ming Dynasty, is a symbol

of the city of Xi'an. The Bell Tower also contains veral large bronze-cast bells from the Tang

Dynasty. The tower ba is square and it covers an area of 1,377 square meters. The tower is a brick

and timber structure and clo to 40 meters high.

西安的鐘樓,在明代初建于1384年,是這個(gè)城市的象征之一的西安。鐘樓也包含來自唐朝的幾個(gè)鐘。塔基礎(chǔ)是廣場(chǎng),

占地面積1377平方米。塔是一個(gè)磚和木材結(jié)構(gòu)和接近40米高。

The Drum Tower of Xi'an (西安鼓樓), along with the Bell Tower is a symbol of the city. Erected in 1380

during the early Ming Dynasty, it stands towering above the city center and offers incredible view of

Xi'an. The Drum Tower got its name from the huge drum located within the building. In contrast to the

Bell Tower, where bell was stricken at dawn, drum was beat at sunt to indicate the end of the day. On

the Drum Tower's first floor, lies a hall which hangs many large drums. Each was decorated with intrinsic

and beautiful Chine writing, which symbolizes good fortune. Inside the Drum Tower there is also a

drum muum, where a variety of drums are on display, some of which can be dated back thousands of

years. There is a drum show performed here every day. The top of the tower commands a panoramic

view of the city.

西安鼓樓,連同鐘樓是這個(gè)城市的象征。建立在1380年明朝初期,它高聳于城市中心,提供令人難以置信的視角西安。

鼓樓因建筑物內(nèi)巨大的鼓而得名。不同于鐘樓在黎明時(shí)分敲鐘，鼓是在日落時(shí)敲擊表明一天的結(jié)束。在鼓樓的一樓,

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有一個(gè)大廳,掛著許多大型鼓，由許多精美的中國書法裝飾著,它象征著好運(yùn)。鼓樓內(nèi)還有一個(gè)鼓博物館,陳列各種鼓,

其中的一些可以追溯到數(shù)千年。每天這里有一個(gè)鼓表演。塔頂可以看到城市的全景。

4. Giant Wild Goo Pagoda

Giant Wild Goo Pagoda or Big Wild Goo Pagoda (Chine: 大雁塔), is a Buddhist pagoda located

in southern Xi'an. It was built in 652 during the Tang dynasty. The structure was rebuilt in 704 during

the reign of Empress Wu Zetian, and its exterior brick facade was renovated during the Ming dynasty.

One of the pagoda's many functions was to hold sutras and figurines of the Buddha that were

brought to China from India by the Buddhist translator and traveler Xuanzang. The pagoda currently

has ven stories, standing at a height of 64 m tall and from the top it offers views over the city of

Xi'an.

大雁塔,是一個(gè)佛教寶塔,坐落在西安南部。它建于652年在唐朝。結(jié)構(gòu)在704年武則天統(tǒng)治期間重建,和它的外墻磚

外墻翻新在明朝。寶塔的許多功能之一就是佛經(jīng)和佛的雕像,它們被佛教翻譯和旅行者玄奘從印度帶到中國。寶塔目

前為七層，64米高,從它上面可看到西安市全景。

The Giant Wild Goo Pagoda and Small Wild Goo Pagoda are both spectacular towers and both

are well over 1,000 years old and have survived great earthquakes. They protected Buddhist writings

in the past.

大雁塔和小雁塔都是壯觀的塔,都是超過1000歲,經(jīng)歷了大地震。過去它們用來保存佛教著作。

5. Tang Paradi

Tang Paradi (simplified Chine: 大唐芙蓉園) is a large theme park in the city of Xi'an. The park

features numerous buildings, squares, and gardens, all incorporating features of traditional Tang

Chine architecture, such as eaves and cornices. Some features are named after historical sites or

buildings.

大唐芙蓉園是一個(gè)大型主題公園,位于西安。公園功能眾多建筑、廣場(chǎng)和花園,將所有功能的傳統(tǒng)中國唐代建筑,屋檐

和飛檐等。歷史遺址命名的某些特性或建筑物。

In the evening the many thousands of visitors are treated to a spectacular Lake Show, featuring

Lars, video projection onto water screens, fountains and other special effects.

在晚上，成千上萬的游客來此游覽，壯觀的湖,激光、視頻投影屏幕,水噴泉和其他特殊效果。

6. Shaanxi History Muum

The Shaanxi History Muum has a large collection of artifacts both modern and ancient, which is

one of the first huge state muums with modern facilities in China and one of the largest. The

muum hous over 370,000 items, including murals, paintings, pottery, coins, as well as bronze,

gold, and silver objects. The modern muum was built between 1983 and 2001 and its appearance

recalls the architectural style of the Tang Dynasty.

陜西歷史博物館收藏了大量的工件現(xiàn)代和古代的第一個(gè)巨大的國家博物館與現(xiàn)代設(shè)施在中國最大的一個(gè)。博物館收

藏超過370000件,包括壁畫、油畫、陶器、硬幣,以及銅、金和銀對(duì)象。現(xiàn)代博物館建于1983年和2001年之間,其

外觀回憶說唐朝的建筑風(fēng)格。

Shaanxi was the ancient imperial capital of China, having been the at of more than 13 feudal

dynasties, including the Zhou, Qin, Han, and Tang dynasties. The province is rich in cultural relics.

With the completion of the Shaanxi History Muum, it collected over 370,000 precious relics which

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were unearthed in Shaanxi Province, including bronze wares, pottery figures, and mural paintings in

Tang tombs.

陜西是中國古代帝國的首都,已經(jīng)超過13個(gè)封建王朝的首都,包括周、秦、漢、唐王朝。有豐富的文物。陜西歷史博

物館建成后,收集370000年陜西出土的珍貴文物,包括青銅器、陶器的數(shù)據(jù),并在唐墓壁畫的繪畫。

Since the opening of the muum, it has followed the policy of collecting, conrvation, publicizing,

education, and scientific rearch, using its many historical relics, and conducted various types of

display. The relics have also been exhibited overas in cities in Japan, France, the United States, the

United Kingdom and Germany.

博物館的開放以來,它遵循的政策收集、保護(hù)、宣傳、教育和科學(xué)研究,利用其許多歷史文物,進(jìn)行各種類型的顯示。

許多文物也在海外進(jìn)行過展覽，包括日本,法國,美國,英國和德國。

7. Huaqing Pool

Huaqing Pool (Chine: 華清池) or the Huaqing Hot Springs are a complex of hot springs located in

an area characterized by mild weather and scenic views at the northern foot of Mount Li, one of the

three major peaks of the Qin Mountains. The Huaqing Hot Springs are located approximately 25 km

east of Xi'an. It was built in 723 by Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang dynasty as part of the Huaqing

Palace, using the locally-occurring geothermal heating, and is famous as the suppod scene of

Xuanzong's romance with his consort Yang Guifei. This site was also the scene of the 1936 Xi'an

Incident, when Chiang Kai-shek was kidnapped by former warlord Zhang Xueliang and forced to

participate in a United Front with the Chine Communist Party to oppo Japane encroachment

on China. Huaqing Pool is now an important tourist spot, classified as a AAAAA scenic area by the

China National Tourism Administration.

華清池或唐代溫泉是一個(gè)復(fù)雜的溫泉位于一個(gè)區(qū)域以溫和的天氣和風(fēng)景的觀點(diǎn)在北方的山,三個(gè)主要的秦山脈的山峰。

唐代溫泉位于西安以東約25公里。它建于723年,明宣宗皇帝唐代作為唐代宮的一部分,使用locally-occurring地?zé)?/span>

供暖,是著名的明宣宗的浪漫的場(chǎng)景和他的配偶楊Guifei。這個(gè)網(wǎng)站也是現(xiàn)場(chǎng)1936西安事變,蔣介石被時(shí)前軍閥

張學(xué)良、被迫參加統(tǒng)一戰(zhàn)線與中國共產(chǎn)黨反對(duì)日本入侵中國。華清池現(xiàn)在是一個(gè)重要的旅游景點(diǎn),歸類為中國國家旅

游局五星級(jí)景區(qū)。

注：以上內(nèi)容來源于維基百科（英文版），借助有道詞典進(jìn)行的英譯漢。僅供參考。

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