題目：電阻爐溫度控制系統設計
電阻爐溫度控制系統設計
摘要
隨著科學技術的飛速發展，控制理論不斷豐富和完善，控制技術也在向智能化、開放性、高可靠性的方向發展。目前常用的控制方式有智能化儀表、PLC、DCS，它們可組成各種控制系統以滿足不同的控制要求。其功能越來越強大、性能也越來越完善，并具有控制精度高、抗干擾能力強、防爆性強等特點。
本文研究的是電阻爐的溫度控制系統，由于電阻爐在生產和生活中的應用比較廣泛，所以電阻爐的溫度控制就顯得尤為重要了。建立一個控制系統首先要針對控制對象進行研究，本設計的研究對象是實驗室現有的管式電阻爐，因此本文對其進行了對象性能測試。然后針對電阻爐的特點，提出了利用數字調節器、固態繼電器等器件組成溫度控制系統，通過調節參數實現對電阻爐溫度的控制。這種方法經濟、簡單、易操作，控制精度高。最主要的是：學會了利用實驗室現有的設備去掌握設計一個控制系統，更深刻的理解設計控制系統的思想，為以后的學習、工作打下了堅實的基礎。
關鍵詞：電阻爐；對象特性測試；控制系統；PWM；調節器
Resistance furnace temperature control system
Abstract
Along with science's and technology's swift development, the control theory is unceasingly rich and is perfect, the control technology also to the intellectualization, openness, the redundant reliable direction develops. At prent the commonly ud control mode has the intellectualized measuring appliance, PLC, DCS, they may compo each kind of control system to satisfy the technique of production the request. Its function is getting more and more formidable, the performance to be getting more and more perfect, and has the control precision to be high, antijamming ability is strong,
What the explosion-proof strong and so on characteristic this article studies is resistance furnace's temperature control system, becau resistance furnace in produces and in the life application is quite widespread, therefore resistance furnace's temperature control appeared especially important, established a control system first to aim at the controlled member to conduct the rearch. This design's object of study is the laboratory existing tubular resistance furnace, therefore this article has carried on the object performance test to it. Then in view of resistance furnace's characteristic, propod u component composition temperature control systems and so on digit regulator, solid state relay, realize through the adjustment parameter to the resistance furnace temperature control. This method economical, simple, easy to operate, the control precision is high. What is most main: G
rasps using the laboratory existing equipment designs the work which a control system , the more profound understanding design control system's thought that for the later study, the work has built the solid foundation.
Key word: resistance furnace；characteristics of the test object；control system；PWM；regulator
目錄
摘要 ......................................................................................................................................... I Abstract ...................................................................................................................................... II 目錄 .......................................................................................................................................... I II 第一章引言 (1)
1.1電阻爐的概述 (1)
1.2電阻爐溫度控制系統的應用與發展 (2)
第二章電阻爐的溫度控制系統設計概述 (4)
2.1 總體方案設計 (4)
2.2 設計要求 (4)
2.3 設計原理 (4)
第三章電阻爐溫度特性的測試、記錄及分析 (6)
3.1 電阻爐溫度特性測試 (6)
3.1.1 對象特性測試中所用儀表 (6)
3.1.2 對象特性測試原理 (6)
3.1.3 進行溫度特性曲線測試的儀器儀表的接線圖 (6)
3.2 溫度特性曲線的記錄與分析 (8)
3.2.1 溫度特性曲線的記錄 (8)
3.2.2 溫度特性曲線試驗結果的數據處理的方法 (9)
3.2.3 溫度特性曲線數據處理 (14)
第四章電阻爐溫度控制系統的設計 (17)
4.1 電阻爐溫度控制系統的實現過程 (17)
4.1.1 電阻爐溫度控制系統的系統方框圖及調節過程 (17)
4.1.2 儀器儀表介紹 (17)
第五章電阻爐溫度控制系統的參數整定及系統調試 (31)
5.1 溫度控制系統的實現線路 (31)
5.1.1 系統的連線框圖 (31)
5.1.2 系統的連接線路及自動控制過程 (31)
5.2 PID調節器及其參數的整定 (31)
5.2.1 P、I、D各運算規律的作用 (31)
5.2.2 PID參數的整定方法 (35)
5.2.3 系統的PID整定結果及分析 (38)
總結 (40)
參考文獻 (42)
附錄A 系統接線端子圖 (44)
附錄B PWM電路原理圖 (45)
附錄C PWM程序 (46)
致謝 (52)
