UNIT 1 THE FOURTH OF JULY KEY TO EXERCISE 練習(xí)答案

Unit 1

The Fourth of July

I. Text Comprehension

1. Decide which of the following best states the author's purpo.

A. To condemn with the author's own experience of racial discrimination in American

society as late as the 1940s.

B. To describe the author's trip with her family to Washington D.C. as a graduation

prent.

C. To disclo the fact that the black people were still leading a poor life in the United

States.

D. To tell the readers that her first trip to Washington D.C. was really a worthwhile

graduation gift.

Key: [ A ]

2. Judge, according to the text, whether the following statements are true or

fal.

1. The author took her first trip to Washington D. C. at the beginning of the summer

upon her graduation from the eighth grade. [ T ]

2. The author's sister graduated at the same time from the same school. [ F ]

3. They went at night on a milk train to Washington D. C. becau it was cheaper. [ F ]

4. The dining car food in the 1940s always cost too much money and no one could tell

who hands had been playing all over that food, nor where tho same hands had

been just before. [ F ]

5. Phyllis's high school nior class trip had been to Washington D. C. before, but she

didn't enjoy herlf at all. [ F ]

6. The author's father, moved by the historical surroundings and the heat of early

evening, decided to entertain the family again. [ T ]

7. Insulted by the waitress's words, the author and her family turned around and

marched out of the store, quiet but outraged. [ T ]

8. The author wrote and typed her angry letter and managed to mail it to the president

of the United States. [ F ]

4. Explain in your own words the following ntences taken from the text.

1. Mother meant to deliberately overlook whatever she did not like and could not

change.

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2. From June to the end of July school clod for the summer vacation.

3. Literarily, the writer was unable to open wide her eyes due to the dazzling summer

sunlight as well as her eyes defect. Figuratively, the freedom, equality and democracy all

American citizens were allegedly entitled to were simply distorted images in the author's

eye.

4. Mother was bright and father brown, and the three of us girls reprented gradations

from bright to brown.

5. Inside the Breyer's, the soda fountain was so dim and the air so cool that the pain of

my eyes was wonderfully lesned.

6. My forceful question got no respon from my family; they remained silent as if they

had done something wrong and shameful walking into Breyer's.

7. My anger was not going to be noticed or sympathized with by my family members

who were similarly angry, though.

II. Writing Strategies

1. Flashback

A flashback (閃回，插敘) is a technique ud by writers. It is often ud in movies,

television and literature. It involves a character remembering something that happened

to him in the past.

Activity: Besides Paragraph 2, you’re expected to find out some other paragraphs

that contain this technique.

Tips: Besides Paragraph 2, Paragraphs 6, 8 and 9 contain or involve flashbacks.

Here is a movie clip from The Bourne Ultimatum, in which the technique of

flashback is ud.

2. Symbolism

Symbolism in art tries to show not what is real but what could stand instead of what

exists. It deals with ideas that aren't physical, mostly.

e.g. Moby-Dick: reprentation of an unknowable God;

Scarlet Letter: The scarlet letter “A” is meant to be a symbol of shame, but

instead it becomes a powerful symbol of identity to Hester.

Activity: Find some examples of symbolism in the text.

Tips: “summer brightness” (Paragraph 8)

“corolla of dazzling whiteness” (Paragraph 9)

“white mottled marble” (Paragraph 15)

The repeated “white” in the last paragraph, and it reveals the phony democracy

of the United States and the fal freedom of colored people, which drove our

writer mad and indignant.

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III. Language Work

1. Explain the underlined part in each ntence in your own words.

1) The first time I went to Washington D.C. was on the edge of the

? at the beginning of

2) Preparations were in the air around our hou before school was even over.

? the whole family were already either actually busy making preparations or enjoying the

ambience

3) In fact, my first trip to Washington was a mobile feast.

? a large enjoyable meal on the train

4) …as if we had never been Black before.

? as if we had never been mistreated for being Black

5) My parents wouldn't speak of this injustice, not becau they had contributed to it.

?had partially caud

6) My fury was not going to be acknowledged by a like fury.

? was not going to be openly sympathized with by people displaying a similar anger

2. Fill in each blank with one of the two words from each pair in their

appropriate forms and note the difference of meaning between them.

brui scar

1) Be sure to store the tropical fruits carefully as they brui easily.

2) She continued massaging her right foot, which was bruid and aching.

3) He was scarred for life during a pub fight.

4) This is something that's going to scar him forever.

dampen soak

1) Nothing quite beats the luxury of soaking in a long and hot bath at the end of a tiring

day.

2) Dampen the stamp at the back and stick it on the envelope; there you are.

3) I've gotten my feet thoroughly soaked in the cold, feeling frozen through and

through.

4) I hate to dampen your spirits, but aren't you overlooking a few minor points?

acknowledge admit

1) "There are some faults which men readily admit but others not so readily”

(Epictetus).

2) The general finally acknowledged that the war had not been going as well as expected,

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but he affirmed that a shift in strategy would enhance the prospects of victory.

3) His cooking reflects a determination to acknowledge his northern roots.

4) He admitted under questioning that he was in the rvice of a foreign power, but

denied that he was guilty of espionage.

agony anguish

1) In a Guatemalan prison, the man lingered in agony for 18 minutes when the lethal

injection finally took effect.

2) So you will be saving the villagers a lot of trouble and anguish if you tell us now

where they are.

3) No child derves to live in the shadow of fear, anguish and pain.

4) The driver screamed in agony and dropped the automatic as he was crushed between

the door and the chassis.

3. Fill in the blank in each ntence with a word or phra taken from the box,

using its appropriate form.

1) The local council has decreed that the hospitals that are not able to reach the rvice

standards should clo.

2) When Hamlet murmured "To be, or not to be," he was faced with a(n) agonizing

dilemma.

3) The young mother smiled approvingly at her son, who asked to play outdoors.

4) The Prime Minister is now firmly ensconced in Downing Street with a large majority.

5) We need a manager with plenty of flair to run the business in China.

6) It is noticed that quick-minded people suffer no vulnerability to criticism.

7) It was a relief to be outside in the fresh air again after staying weeks-long

underground.

8) The government's avowed commitment to reduce tax has been largely appreciated.

4. Make a ntence of your own for each of the given words with meanings

other than tho ud in the text. You may change the part of speech of the

words.

1) prent

?John prented me with the challenge, and I took it up.

2) capital

?To open a supermarket demands a large amount of capital.

3) pack

?Well, it’s your turn to shuffle the pack and deal the cards.

4) move

?It would be a wi move to check the market first.

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5) counter

?The results of the test ran counter to expectations.

6) drop

?Is there a drop of tea left in the pot?

5. Fill in each blank with a definite, indefinite, or zero article.

(1) The concept of (2) / sleep rearch is (3) a fairly new development. (4)

A lot of experimental work is done to increa our knowledge about (5) / insomnia

and other sleep-related problems in order to help (6) / people who are deprived of (7)

/ sleep. Some of the studies have shown that, although some people have (8) /

trouble falling asleep, (9) / others have (10) an equally difficult time waking up. It

is believed that there is (11) a natural cycle which regulates (12) / man's body

temperature.

During (13) the night (14) a person's temperature may drop one or two degrees, and

it can be difficult to arou him in (15) the morning if his body hasn't become hot enough

yet. In addition, (16) a person awakened during (17) a period of (18) / heavy sleep is

irritable and cannot think clearly. Finally, some people don't want to get up simply

becau they don't like (19) the activity that awaits them.

6. Put a word in each blank that is appropriate for the context.

I remember the very day that I became colored. Up (1) to my thirteenth year I lived in

the little Negro town of Eatonville, Florida. The only (2) white people I knew pasd

through the town going to or coming (3) from Orlando. The native whites rode dusty

hors, and the Northern tourists chugged down the sandy village road in automobiles.

The Northerners were peered at cautiously from behind curtains by the (4) timid. The

more venturesome would come out on the porch to watch them go past and got just as (5)

much pleasure out of the tourists as the tourists got out of the village.

During this period, white people (6) differed from the colored to me only in that they

rode through town and never (7) lived there. They liked to hear me “speak pieces” and

sing and wanted to e me dance, and (8) gave me generously of their small silver for

doing the things, which emed (9) strange to me for I wanted to do them so much that

I needed bribing to (10) stop . Only they didn’t know it. The colored people gave no

dimes.

IV. Translation

1. Translating Sentences

Translate the following into English.

1) 我自己還沒有看過，不過大家都認(rèn)為是一部好片子。(suppo)

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? I haven’t en it mylf, but it is suppod to be a really good movie.

2) 女主人把奶酪切成一口一塊的大小，客人們吃起來就方便了。(bite-size)

? The hostess cut the chee into bite-size pieces; therefore, it would be more

convenient for the guests to eat it.

3) 睡眠不足的話，很少有人能夠正常生活。(deprive)

? Few people can function properly if they are deprived of adequate sleep.

4) 他細(xì)心地學(xué)我的樣子，裝作什么怪事都沒有發(fā)生。(copy)

? He carefully copied my preten that nothing unusual had occurred.

5) 他上臺(tái)后發(fā)布的第一項(xiàng)法令就是禁止私人擁有槍支。(decree)

? The first decree he issued after he came into office was that private ownership of

guns (should) be banned.

6) 我就是來看他那被說得神乎其神的腳法的。(fabled)

? I’ve come to e his fabled footwork that people talk so much about.

7) 我不是一個(gè)嚴(yán)格意義上的教師，因?yàn)槲覜]有接受過訓(xùn)練，但是我有豐富的教學(xué)經(jīng)驗(yàn)。

(proper)

? I’m not a teacher proper, since I haven’t been trained, but I’ve had a lot of

teaching experience.

8) 學(xué)生通常都會(huì)在考試之前猜考試題目。(anticipate)

? Students tend to anticipate what questions they will be asked on the examination.

2. Translating Passage

Translate the following into Chine.

It would be fatal for America to overlook the urgency of the moment and to

underestimate the determination of the Negro. This sweltering summer of the Negro's

legitimate discontent will not pass until there is an invigorating autumn of freedom and

equality. Nineteen sixty-three is not an end, but a beginning. There will be neither rest

nor tranquility in America until the Negro is granted his citizenship rights. The

whirlwinds of revolt will continue to shake the foundations of our nation until the bright

day of justice emerges.

參考譯文:

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如果美國對(duì)此時(shí)此刻的迫切性視而不見，低估黑人的決心，那么這對(duì)美國的命運(yùn)來說將

是致命的。自由平等、令人心曠神怡的秋天遙遙無期，黑人正當(dāng)憤怒的悶熱夏季就不會(huì)消失。

1963年并不是終結(jié)，而是一個(gè)開端。只要黑人得不到公民權(quán)益，美國就不可能有安寧和穩(wěn)

定。反抗的旋風(fēng)會(huì)繼續(xù)撼動(dòng)這個(gè)國家的根基，直到光明正義的日子來臨。

VI. Writing

Study the following picture carefully and write an essay of about 400 words on the

following topic:

HOW TO FIND AN IDEAL JOB

You should: describe the cartoon; give some tips to job ekers.

The following patterns or ntences may be uful when you interpret a picture.

As described/illustrated/portrayed/shown/in the picture, ...

As can be en from the photo, ...

According to the picture, …

As you can e from the picture,....

In the cartoon, we can e that…

The cartoon is thought-provoking, and it illustrates a common phenomenon in today’s

society.

Further Enhancement

Text II

CHAMPION OF THE WORLD

Maya Angelou

Text II: Comprehension

1. Answer the following multiple-choice questions:

1) On the day of the boxing match, the Store was D .

A. tightly packed like sardines with TV viewers

B. sparly ated with listeners to the radio

C. crowdedly filled with children

D. crowded with people listening to a boxing match over the radio

2) From the passage Champion of the World, the people, probably all black, were

listening to the radio with the great expectation that ___B___.

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A. Joe Louis would lo the game

B. Joe Louis would win the game

C. Joe Louis would kill his opponent

D. Joe Louis would be killed by his opponent

3) Which of the following mean words is not ud by the writer to describe the black

people in the eye of white racists? __A__

A. snobbish B. dirty C. ugly D. stupid

4) The black people in the Store celebrated Joe Louis’ victory by doing all the following

EXCEPT _ D .

A. Drinking cokes. B. Eating candy bars.

C. Sneakily enjoying liquors. D. Setting fireworks.

5) Joe Louis’ victory of the boxing matching symbolizes ___C__.

A. he would win a lot of money

B. he was the son of the strongest mother in the world

C. he was the reprentative of the strongest people in the world

D. he would stay in town until the next morning

2. Text II: Questions for Discussion

1) What is the symbolic meaning of "master's voice"?

Angelou us “master’s voice” for symbolic emphasis. It reprents the white

establishment that unfairly discriminates on the basis of color. This kind of literary

technique results in a powerful and poignant story of growing up black in America.

2) Why was it important that Joe Louis win the heavyweight championship fight?

“It wouldn’t do for a Black man and his family to be caught on a lonely country road

on a night when Joe Louis had proved that we were the strongest people in the world.” It

was an event that symbolized the ability of black people to compete in a white-dominated

world.

3) Do you think the title "Champion of the World" is appropriate? Why or why not?

Yes. The title symbolizes all black people who, despite great adversity and oppression,

live with dignity and strength. They learn to survive and to respect themlves in the

process. In this essay Angelou ems to be asking for recognition not only of her struggle

and identity but of the struggle and identity of all black American women and all black

people.

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4) Angelou us African-American dialect in this essay. Are the dialectical expressions

effective? Why or why not?

Most of the story is written in standard English, but it occasionally includes realistic

snatches of regional dialect and black English, which make the language colorful and the

tone animated. When Angelou’s voice enters the narrative, her rious tone calls the

reader’s attention to her underlying demand for black equality.

5) Have you ever listened to your favorite sport on the radio? How does it differ from

watching it in person or on television?

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