where引導的定語從句的先行詞

where引導的定語從句的先行詞

先看幾道高考試題：

1. I walked up to the top of the hill with my friends,_____ we enjoyed a splendid view of the lake.

A. that B. where C. which D. who

2. Some pre-school children go to a day-care center, ______ they learn simple games and songs.

A. then B. there C. while D. where

3. Tho successful deaf dancers think that dancing is an activity ______ sight matters more than hearing.

A. when B. who C. which D. where

4. Today, we’ll discuss a number of cas ______ beginners of English fail to u the language properly.

A. which B. as C. why D. where

5. After graduation she reached a point in her career ______ she had to decide what to do.

A. that B. what C. which D. where

歸納 常見的抽象先行詞有ca/ condition/ point/ position/ situation/ scene/activity/job/race

【模擬訓練】

1.I can think of many cas ___ students obviously knew a lot of English words and expressions but couldn’t write a

good essay. A. why B. which C. as D. where

2. It’s helpful to put children in a situation ___ they can e themlves differently.

A. that B. when C. which D. where

3. ---Do you have anything to say for yourlf? ---Yes, there’s one point ____ we must insist on .

A. why B. where C. how D. /.

4. — What do you think of teaching, Bob ?

— I find it fun and challenging. It is a job ___ you are doing something rious but interesting.

A. where B. which C. when D. that

5. I’ll give you my friend’s home address, ___ I can be reached most evenings.

A. which B. when C. whom D. where

6. All the neighbors admire this family, ___ the parents are treating their child like a friend.

A. why B. where C. which D. that

7. I work in a business ___ almost everyone is waiting for a great chance.

A. how B. which C. where D. that

people who had en the film were afraid to go to the forest when they remembered the scenes ___ people

were eaten by the tiger.

A. where B. by which C. which D. that

二．先行詞為具體的地點名詞

1. Stephen hawking believes that the earth is unlikely to be the only planet ___ life has developed gradually.

A. that B. where C. which D. who

2.. ---Can you believe I had to pay 30 dollars for a haircut ?

---You should try the barber’s ___ I go. it’s only 15.

A. as B. which C. where D. that

3. A bank is the place ______ they lend you an umbrella in fair weather and ask for it back when it begins to rain .

A, when B. that C. where D. there

4. New York, ___ last year is a nice old city.

A. that I visited B. which I visited C. where I visited D. in which I visited

5. Is this the hou ___ Shakespeare was born?

A. at where B. which C. in which D. at which

6. There were dirty marks on her trours ___ she had wiped her hands.

A. where B. which C. when D. that

7. If a shop has chairs ___ women can park their men, women will spend more time in the shop.

A. that B. which C. when D. where

1

介詞 + 關系代詞

一、“介詞+ 關系代詞”引導定語從句基本構成：

“介詞+ 關系代詞”引導定語從句時，關系代詞主要是which, whom, who

1. 當介詞放在關系代詞的前面時，介詞的賓語只能用which或whom，關系代詞不能省略。

This is the hero of whom we are proud.

This is the hou in which my grandfather once lived

This is the boss in who shop I worked for 10 months.

二、“介詞+ 關系代詞”中的介詞的確定方法：

（一）根據定語從句中的謂語動詞確定介詞，其動詞與介詞搭配，構成動詞短語。

【典例】1. I saw a woman running toward me in the dark. Before I could recognize who she was，she had run back in

the direction ______ she had come.

A. of which B. by which C. in which D. from which

2. -----Why does she always ask you for help? ---- There is no one el ______, is there?

A. who to turn to B to whom. she can turn C .for whom to turn D. for her to turn

（二）根據定語從句中的形容詞確定介詞，其形容詞與介詞搭配，構成形容詞短語。例如：

The two things about which Karl Marx was not sure were the grammar and some of the idioms. (be sure about)

The teacher of whom the students in our class are fond is Mr. Wang, our English teacher. (be fond of)

（三）根據定語從句所修飾的先行詞確定介詞，其先行詞往往是表示時間、地點、原因、方法、工具等的詞，

它們與介詞之間有一定的聯系。當“介詞+關系代詞”在定語從句中充當時間、地點、原因狀語時，可分別用

when, where, why 替換。

【典例】1. We went through a period______ communications were very difficult in the rural areas.

A. what B. who C. in which D. with which

2. Many people who had en the film were afraid to go to the forest when they remembered the scenes____ people

were eaten by the tiger.

A. in which B. by which C. which D. that

（四）根據句子的意思確定介詞。有些句子，先行詞完全一樣，定語從句中謂語動詞不是由固定的動詞短語

構成的，這時，要根據句子所要表達的意思，選用不同的介詞。

【典例】1. She was educated at Beijing University , ______ she went on to have her advanced study abroad.

A. after that B. from that C. from which D. after which

2. The schools themlves admit that not all children will be successful in the jobs ____ they are being trained.

A. in that B. for that C. in which D. for which

三、“介詞+ 關系代詞”引導定語從句擴展形式

（一）“不定代詞＋介詞＋關系代詞”結構

用于這個結構中的代詞主要是 both，all，much，many，（a）few，（a）little，none，some，veral，most

等不定代詞，而其后的介詞多用of。這種結構常用來引導非限制性定語從句，有時候也可把“of＋關系代詞

which/whom”置于代詞前。

【典例】1. The growing speed of a plant is influenced by a number of factors, _____ are beyond our control.

A. most of them B. most of which C. most of what D. most of that

2. Last week，only two people came to look at the hou， wanted to buy it.

A．none of them B．both of them C．none of whom D．neither of whom

3. I have many friends, ___some are businessmen.

A. of them B. from which C. who of D. of whom

（二）“the＋名詞＋介詞＋關系代詞”結構

這個結構在引出的定語從句中作主語時，要注意謂語動詞數的問題，分清關系代詞所代表的先行詞與介

詞前各成分數量的關系或性質。注意這種結構中“介詞＋關系代詞”所構成的介詞短語修飾前面的名詞，名詞

也可以放在關系代詞之后。例如：

2

【典例】1. The man pulled out a gold watch, _____ were made of small diamonds.

A. the hands of whom B. whom the hands of C. which the hands of D. the hands of which

2. The journey around the world took the old sailor nine months, ____the sailing time was 226 days.

A of which B during which C from which D for which

3. Recently I bought an ancient Chine va, ______ was very reasonable.

A. which price B. the price of which C. its price D. the price of who

（三）“數詞＋介詞＋關系代詞” 結構

【典例】1. I was given three books on cooking, the first _______ I really enjoyed.

A. of that B. of which C. that D. which

2. The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year, 80% are sold abroad.

A. of which B. which of C. of them D. of that

3. There are altogether eleven books on the shelf, ______ five are mine

A on which B in which C of which D from which

（四）“the＋形容詞比較級（最高級）＋介詞＋關系代詞”結構

這里的形容詞多用比較級或最高級形式，因為形容詞前有定冠詞the，實際上這個形容詞相當于名詞。

【典例】 There are two buildings, stands nearly a hundred feet high.

A. the larger B. the larger of them C. the larger one that D. the larger of which

（五）“介詞＋who ＋名詞”結構

【典例】1. Last month, part of Southeast Asia was struck by floods, from ___effects the people are still suffering.

A. that B. who C. tho D. what

（六）“介詞＋ which ＋名詞”結構

【典例】 Mark was a student at this university from 1999 to 2003, ____ he studied very hard and was made

Chairman of the Students' Union.

A. during which time B. for which time C. during who time D. by that time

牛刀小試

children, ______ had played the whole day long, were worn out.

A. all of what B. all of which C. all of them D. all of whom

control is a subject Americans have argued for a long time.

A. of which B. with which C. about which D. into which

showed the visitors around the muum, the construction _____had taken more than three years.

A. for which B. with which C. of which D. to which

of the soul is a gradual process ______ even the small details of life should be considered.

A. what B. in what C. which D. in which

has written two novels, both of ______ have been made into television ries.

A. them B. that C. which D. what

our class there are 46 students, ______ half wear glass.

A. in whom B. in them C. of whom D. of them

brought with her three friends, none of I had ever met before.

A. them B. who C. whom D. the

power is an ancient source of energy we may return in the near future.

A. on which B. by which C. to which D. from which

9. It’s a family of five, are addicted to the Internet.

A. all of them B. all of whom C. which D. tho

10. On his 10th birthday, Marty manages to escape from the zoo and gets onto the subway, ___ he believes that he

can go to the wild.

A. which B. from what C. through which D. that

11. Plea pass me the dictionary ______ is black.

A. its cover B. which cover C. of which the cover D. cover of which

12. There are forty-five students in our class, ______are from the nearby villages.

A. one-third of who B. one-third of which C. one-third of them D. one-third of whom

3

old lady had one son and two daughters, ____ treated her well, ___ made her very sad.

A. no one of whom; as B. neither of them; which C. none of whom; which D. none of them; as

14. This article may shock some nsitive readers, I offer my apologies in advance.

A. from whom B. for whom C. to whom D. towards whom

15. He works in the middle school, ______ there is a river.

A. in front of it B. in front of which C. in front D. in the front

4