11 正月十五鬧元宵

11 正月十五鬧元宵

相關材料：

元宵節，又稱上元節、小正月、元夕或燈節，是中國的傳統節日之一，

時間為每年農歷正月十五。正月是農歷的元月，古人稱“夜”為“宵”，正月十

五是一年中第一個月圓之夜，所以稱正月十五為“元宵節”。根據道教“三元”

的說法，正月十五又稱為“上元節”。元宵節習俗自古以來就以熱烈喜慶的觀

燈習俗為主。2008年6月，元宵節選入第二批國家級非物質文化遺產。

元宵燈節期間，也是男女青年與情人相會的時機。所以說元宵節是地道

的中國情人節。

節日起源

元宵節是中國的傳統節日，元宵節習俗的形成有一個較長的過程，根源

于民間開燈祈福古俗。開燈祈福通常在正月十四夜便開始“試燈”，十五日夜

為‘“正燈’，民間要點燈盞，又稱“送燈盞”，以進行祭神祈福活動。東漢佛教

文化的傳入，對于形成元宵節習俗也有著重要的推動意義，漢明帝永平年間，

漢明帝為了弘揚佛法，下令正月十五夜在宮中和寺院“燃燈表佛”。因此正月

十五夜燃燈的習俗隨著佛教文化影響的擴大及后來道教文化的加入逐漸在

中國擴展開來。南北朝時，元宵張燈漸成風氣。梁武帝篤信佛教，其宮中正

月十五大張燈火。唐朝時，中外文化交流更為密切，佛教大興，仕官百姓普

遍在正月十五這一天“燃燈供佛”，佛家燈火于是遍布民間。從唐代起，元宵

張燈即成為法定之事。

節日習俗

猜燈謎

猜燈謎又稱打燈謎，是中國獨有的富有民族風格的一種傳統民俗文娛活

動形式，是從古代就開始流傳的元宵節特色活動。每逢農歷正月十五，傳統

民間都要掛起彩燈，燃放焰火，后來有好事者把謎語寫在紙條上，貼在五光

十色的彩燈上供人猜。因為謎語能啟迪智慧又迎合節日氣氛，所以響應的人

眾多，漸漸地猜謎就成了元宵節不可缺少的節目。燈謎增添節日氣氛，展現

了古代勞動人民的聰明才智和對美好生活的向往。

鬧花燈

鬧花燈是元宵節傳統節日習俗，始于西漢，興盛于隋唐。隋唐以后，歷

代燈火之風盛行，并沿襲傳于后世。而正月十五，又是一年一度的鬧花燈放

煙火的高潮。所以也把元宵節稱為“燈節”，在山西的縣城一級城廓甚至鄉鎮

中，這些居民集中地，繁華熱鬧區，在正月十五到來之前，滿街掛滿燈籠，

到處花團錦簇，燈光搖曳，到正月十五晚上達到高潮。

吃元宵

元宵古稱“浮元子”，是一種雅俗共嘗，甜而不膩，膾炙人口的民間小吃，

全國流行。正月十五吃元宵，“元宵”作為食品，在中國也由來已久。近千年

來，元宵的制作日見精致。光就面皮而言，就有江米面、粘高梁面、黃米面

和苞榖面。餡料的內容更是甜咸葷素、應有盡有。甜的有所謂桂花白糖、山

楂白糖、什錦、豆沙、芝麻、花生等。咸的有豬油肉餡，可以做油炸炒元宵。

素的有芥、蒜、韭、姜組成的五辛元宵，有表示勤勞、長久、向上的意思。

舞獅子

舞獅子是中國優秀的民間藝術，每逢元宵佳節或集會慶典，民間都以舞

獅助興。這一習俗起源于三國時期，南北朝時開始流行，已有一千多年的歷

史。“舞獅子”始于魏晉，盛于唐，又稱“獅子舞”、“太平樂”，一般由三人完

成，二人裝扮成獅子，一人充當獅頭，一人充當獅身和后腳，另一人當引獅

人，舞法上又有文武之分，文舞表現獅子的溫馴，有抖毛、打滾等動作，武

獅表現獅子的兇猛，有騰躍、蹬高、滾彩球等動作。

元宵節除了上面的習俗外，各地還有不同的習俗，如：劃旱船、踩高蹺、

逐鼠、耍龍燈、走百病等，活動精彩紛呈、年味十足。

一、閱讀單選

（2022·四川綿陽·統考一模）The Lantern Festival falls on the 15th day of the first lunar

month, marking the end of the Spring Festival celebrations.

At this festival, people often watch lanterns, which are in any size and shape you can

imagine, from animals to plants and flowers. Another activity, guessing the answers to lantern

riddles gives young people a chance to have more fun. Chine people regard the dragon as a

symbol of auspiciousness （吉祥）. So people also perform dragon lantern dances to look

forward to a good omen（征兆） of this year’s good weather and peace. Lion dance is similar

to the dragon lantern dancer delivering good wishes and good luck. Eating yuanxiao at the

Lantern Festival is another tradition. Yuanxiao is made of glutinous（黏的）rice，either solid

or stuffed. The stuffing includes bean paste, sugar, hawthorn（山楂）, various kinds of fruit

and so on. It can be boiled, fired or steamed.

The Lantern Festival also emed romantic in the old times. Becau some young girls

in ancient China were not allowed to go out very often except during certain festivals, this

festival was a time for unmarried men and women to meet. Watching lanterns at night was

just an opportunity for young women to find a man who attracted them. Therefore, for

thousands of years, there have been a large number of stories and poems written about the

during the Lantern Festival. The famous Song Dynasty poet Ou Yangxiu wrote the

well-known lines:

Atop the willow tree hangs the moon, my date comes in the evening soon.

Today, more youngsters are fascinated with Western festivals, while traditional Chine

ones are ignored. Our traditional values are in danger of losing their true meanings. What

should we do?

1．How many celebrations are mentioned in this passage?

A．4 B．5 C．6 D．7

2．What does the underlined word “it” refer to in the cond paragraph?

A．yuanxiao. B．stuffing. C．rice. D．hawthorn.

3．Which of following is true according to the passage?

A．The Lantern Festival is the start of the Spring Festival celebrations .

B．People perform dragon lantern dances to have more fun in old times.

C．It ems that young people in ancient China loved the Lantern Festival.

D．We can still have dumplings as the traditional food of the Lantern Festival.

4．Which line could best describe the youngsters’ meeting on the ancient Lantern Festival

night?

A．Good rain knows its time right, it will fall when comes spring.

B．When will the full moon appear? Wine up in hand. I ask the sky.

C．No matter how high the mountain is, one can always climb to the top.

D．I look for her in the crowd, when I turn my head. I find her there where light is didn’ t

shed.

5．What may be next paragraph about?

A．Different kinds of Western festivals.

B．Introduction of the traditional values.

C．Ways to protect traditional Chine festivals.

D．Reasons why more youngsters are fascinated with Western festivals.

二、閱讀還原5選5

（2022·廣東廣州·統考一模）閱讀短文及文后A~E選項，選出可以填入各題空白處的最

佳選項。

Wang Yaping, a taikonaut onboard China’s space station, offered people on Earth a

zero-gravity musical performance to celebrate the Lantern Festival.

The space show was shared at an annual TV gala for the festival celebration. ___6___

She played a popular Chine traditional song “Jasmine Flower”

___7___ People usually hang colorful lanterns, play riddles and express their wishes and

hopes for the future.

The crew members, who traveled to the space station on the Shenzhou-13 mission, kept

some joyful traditions alive as they continued to move around the Earth. Zhai Zhigang wrote

riddles on red paper with a brush pen. He showed the calligraphy (毛筆字) together with

taikonaut Ye Guangfu and made festival greetings to the audience. They also nt blessings to

athletes at the Beijing Winter Olympics. “___8___”

The video of the space performance was received with great interest after it was shared

on social medias. ___9___

The Lantern Festival also marks the last day of the lunar New Year celebration.

___10___ Donning new clothes, the crew members enjoyed the traditions of eating

dumplings and pasting spring couplets on walls.

A．It drew nearly 2 million hits in one hour on Sina Weibo.

B．Though far from home, the cheerful feelings in space were the same.

C．We wish that you all get success, friendship and harvest your best Olympic experience.

D．The Lantern Festival falls on the 15th day of the first month of the Chine lunar calendar.

E．In the video, Wang was en floating in the space module while playing a guzheng, or

Chine zither.

（2021·湖北宜昌·統考一模）While most people think the Chine New Year’s

celebration goes on for only one day, by custom it is a fifteen-day celebration, and some of

the days have their own festivals. ____11____, the festival on the 15th day of the Chine

New Year’s celebration.

____12____. In one old story, an emperor ordered people to light lanterns to honor

Buddha（佛陀）. Much later, people began to carry around red paper lanterns with pieces of

paper with riddles（謎語）written on them. ____13____, walked around and tried to solve

each other’s riddles.

During the Lantern Festival, many people eat tangyuan or yuanxiao. They are quite

similar, and some people even say they are the same food. ____14____. The foods are most

often eaten at home with the family on the day of the Lantern Festival.

Of cour, an important part of the Lantern Festival is the lanterns themlves. Some

cities try to have the largest, most beautiful lanterns around, of all different kinds of shapes

and sizes. ____15____. It makes everyone feel festive（喜慶的）and happy.

A．It is not really clear how the Lantern Festival started

B．Both are dumplings filled with something sweet and salty

C．The most important of the is the Lantern Festival

D．Streets are lined with lanterns during this time of year

E．They came together in parks with their lanterns

三、語法填空

（2021·浙江杭州·統考一模）The Chine New Year fell on 31 January last year. We

had ___16___ 12-day holiday. But I took an extra five days off, ___17___ that I could spend

more time with my parents. The last day of my holiday was the Lantern Festival. ___18___

that day, people watch fireworks(焰火) and eat yuanxiao, a traditional food for this festival.

When I was a little boy, I ___19___ (love) the Lantern Festival. We went onto the streets

___20___ (watch) lion dances and parades in the daytime. Some of the performances were

really ___21___ (amaze). People dresd up as animals, monsters and other creatures, and

they told ___22___ (story) through their acting. At night many beautiful lanterns were

___23___ (hang) along the streets. We looked at the lanterns(燈籠) and solved the riddles on

them.

___24___ (sad) people don’t keep this tradition very much anymore. In my hometown,

the festival is ____25____ (quiet) now than before. There are very few performances.

四、短文首字母填空

（2021·江蘇南通·統考中考真題）請認真閱讀下面短文，并根據各題所給首字母的提示，

寫出一個合適的英語單詞完整的、正確的形式，使短文通順。

The Chine life is colorful with many interesting folk ways. The Lantern Festival is on

the 15th day of the first lunar month, it has a Chine name Yuanxiao Festival. Yuanxiao

comes from the f___26___ that people call the first lunar month the Yuan Month and night

Xiao. The night of the 15th day of the first lunar month m___27___ the beginning of the first

full moon. On the Lantern Festival, the Chine people have the custom of e___28___

lanterns and eating glutinous rice dumplings. There is a common saying that “Playing on the

Lantern Festival.”

The custom started during the Han Dynasty, and has a h___29___ of more than 2000

years. On that night, every place is decorated with lanterns and streamers(飾帶) and there is a

bustling atmosphere. As night f___30___, people go in crowds to the a of colorful lanterns:

palace lanterns, wall lamps, figure lanterns, flower lanterns, revolving hor lanterns, animal

lanterns, and toy lanterns, of all types and c____31____. Some lanterns have riddles(謎語) on

them, which encourage people to try to be the f___32___ to find the answer.

It is a___33___ a traditional custom to eat glutinous rice dumplings at this time. As early

as the Song Dynasty, there was such a kind of food, a round ball m___34___ of glutinous rice

【答案解析】

【短文大意】

本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了中國傳統節日之一的元宵節，如元宵節的慶祝活動、在古代

這個節日的意義以及相關的文學創作等等。

1．細節理解題。根據第二段中的“watch lanterns”、“guessing the answers to lantern riddles”、

“perform dragon lantern dances”、“Lion dance”和“Eating yuanxiao”可知元宵節的慶祝活動有看

花燈、猜燈謎、舞龍、醒獅和吃元宵等5項活動。故選B。

2．猜測詞義題。It所在的句子意為“它可以煮著吃、烤著吃或者蒸著吃”，說明It指的是一

種食物。根據第二段中的“Yuanxiao is made of glutinous（黏的）rice，either solid or stuffed.”

可知It指的是元宵節的特色食物，元宵。故選A。

3．推理判斷題。根據第三段“Becau some young girls in ancient China were not allowed to go

out very often except during certain festivals, this festival was a time for unmarried men and

women to meet.”可知古代的年輕女子是不被允許經常外出的，除了在某些特定的節日，而元

宵節這個節日就是給那些未婚男女相遇的一個美好時機。由此可推測古代年輕人很喜歡這個

節日。故選C。

4．推理判斷題。根據第三段“Watching lanterns at night was just an opportunity for young women

to find a man who attracted them.”可知元宵節晚上賞花燈是年輕女子尋找青睞她們的男子的

大好時機，說明賞燈的場景適合寫詩抒情。選項D的詩句為“眾里尋他千百度。驀然回首，

那人卻在燈火闌珊處。”符合題意。故選D。

5．推理判斷題。根據最后一段最后兩句“Our traditional values are in danger of losing their true

meanings. What should we do?”可知文章末尾作者表達了以下觀點：我們的傳統價值正面臨著

失去它們原有意義的危險，并對于“接下來如何做”提出疑問，說明下一段應該就“如何保護

我們的傳統文化”這一問題提出相關的建議或做法。故選C。

【短文大意】

本文是一篇新聞報道。主要講述中國空間站核心艙航天員王亞平為地球上的人們獻上了一場

零重力的音樂表演，以慶祝元宵節。

6．根據“She played a popular Chine traditional song ‘Jasmine Flower’”可知，她演奏了一首流

行的中國傳統歌曲《茉莉花》，此處介紹王亞平的表演，選項E“在視頻中，王亞平被看到

漂浮在太空艙中彈奏古箏”符合語境，故選E。

7．根據“ People usually hang colorful lanterns, play riddles and express their wishes and hopes for

the future.”可知，人們通常掛彩燈，猜燈謎，表達他們對未來的愿望和希望。此處介紹元宵

節的傳統，選項D“元宵節在中國農歷的第一個月的第十五天”符合語境，故選D。

8．根據“They also nt blessings to athletes at the Beijing Winter Olympics.”可知，他們還為參

加北京冬奧會的運動員們送上了祝福。此處介紹這些祝愿，選項C“我們祝愿你們獲得成功，

友誼，收獲最好的奧運經歷”符合語境，故選C。

9．根據“The video of the space performance was received with great interest after it was shared on

social medias.”可知，太空表演的視頻在社交媒體上分享后，引起了極大的興趣。選項A“這

張照片在一小時內在新浪微博上獲得了近200萬的點擊量”符合語境，故選A。

10．根據“Donning new clothes, the crew members enjoyed the traditions of eating dumplings and

pasting spring couplets on walls.”可知，穿上新衣服，船員們享受著吃餃子和貼春聯的傳統。

此處描述宇航員在太空同樣慶祝春節，同樣喜悅。選項B“雖然遠離家鄉，但在太空的快樂

感覺是一樣的”符合語境，故選B。

【短文大意】

本文主要介紹中國的傳統節日元宵節。

11．根據“the festival on the 15th day of the Chine New Year’s celebration”可知，此處引出將

要介紹的節日——元宵節，C選項“其中最重要的是元宵節”符合語境。故選C。

12．根據“In one old story, an emperor ordered people to light lanterns to honor Buddha. Much

later, people began to carry around red paper lanterns with pieces of paper with riddles written on

them.”可知，本段介紹元宵節的來歷，選項A“現在還不清楚元宵節是如何開始的”符合語境。

故選A。

13．根據“Much later, people began to carry around red paper lanterns with pieces of paper with

riddles written on them.”以及“walked around and tried to solve each other’s riddles”可知，此處與

寫有謎語的燈籠有關，選項E“他們帶著燈籠在公園里聚在一起”符合語境。故選E。

14．根據“During the Lantern Festival, many people eat tangyuan or yuanxiao. They are quite

similar, and some people even say they are the same food.”可知，此處與湯圓和元宵有關，選項

B“兩者都是包著甜和咸餡料的小面團”符合語境。故選B。

15．根據“Some cities try to have the largest, most beautiful lanterns around, of all different kinds

of shapes and sizes.”以及“It makes everyone feel festive and happy.”可知，此處與燈籠營造的節

日氛圍有關，選項D“每年的這個時候，街道兩旁都是燈籠”符合語境。故選D。

【短文大意】

本文主要講述了作者度過元宵佳節的經歷以及自己的感受。

16．句意：我們有一個12天的假期。holiday是可數名詞單數，此處表示泛指，而且12-day

首字母發音為輔音，所以使用不定冠詞a。故填a。

17．句意：但是我多休了五天假，這樣我就可以有更多的時間和我的父母在一起。根據that

可知，此處使用so，so that引導結果狀語從句，表示“我多休息了五天，這樣就能多陪伴父

母”。故填so。

18．句意：在那一天，人們看煙花，吃元宵，這是這個節日的傳統食物。句中“that day”表

示具體的日期，所以使用時間介詞on，表示“在那一天”。故填On。

19．句意：當我還是個小男孩的時候，我喜愛元宵節。根據was可知，句中時態為一般過

去時，所以動詞love使用過去式。故填loved。

20．句意：我們白天到街上去看舞獅和游行。根據“lion dances and parades”可知，此處使用

動詞不定式作目的狀語，表示“到街上的目的是看舞獅和游行”。故填to watch。

21．句意：有些表演真的很精彩。were是be動詞，此處使用形容詞；主語“Some of the

performances”表示物，所以使用修飾物的形容詞amazing。故填amazing。

22．句意：人們裝扮成動物、怪物和其他生物，通過他們的表演講故事。story是可數名詞，

而且前面沒有不定冠詞，所以此處使用其復數形式，tell stories講故事。故填stories。

23．句意：晚上，許多美麗的燈籠掛在街上。lanterns和hang之間是被動關系，表示“燈籠

被掛”，句中已有were，此處使用動詞hang的過去分詞。故填hung。

24．句意：可悲的是，人們不再保持這個傳統了。分析句子結構可知，句式結構完整，所以

使用副詞修飾整個句子；sad的副詞為sadly，意為“悲哀地”。故填Sadly。

25．句意：在我的家鄉，這個節日比以前更安靜了。quiet是形容詞，根據than可知，此處

使用形容詞quiet的比較級quieter。故填quieter

【短文大意】

本文是一篇說明文，介紹了中國傳統節日——元宵節。

26．句意：元宵來源于人們稱農歷正月為元月和夜曉的事實。根據下文“people call the first

lunar month the Yuan Month and night Xiao”可知，這里是講述事實，應用fact表示，結合后

句and并列的兩部分，應用復數形式，故填(f)acts。

27．句意：正月十五的晚上意味著第一個滿月的開始。根據下文“the beginning of the first full

moon”可知，標志著第一個滿月的開始。根據首字母m提示，可得單詞mark，主語The night

of the 15th day of the first lunar month為第三人稱單數，動詞用三單形式，故填(m)arks。

28．句意：在元宵節這天，中國人有賞燈籠、吃湯圓的習俗。根據上文“On the Lantern Festival”

及常識可知，在元宵節這天，中國人賞燈籠。根據首字母e提示，可得單詞enjoy，且位于

介詞of之后，故enjoy應用ing形式，故填(e)njoying。

29．句意：這一習俗始于漢代，至今已有兩千多年的歷史。根據上文“The custom started during

the Han Dynasty”可知，這一習俗至今已有兩千多年的歷史。根據首字母h提示，可得單詞

history，且位于a之后，故history應用單數形式。故填(h)istory。

30．句意：夜幕降臨，人們成群結隊地來到五彩繽紛的燈海中。根據下文“people go in crowds

to the a of colorful lanterns”可知，夜幕降臨，才能看燈。根據首字母f提示，可得單詞fall，

根據語境可知，此處應用一般現在時陳述事實，主語為night，故動詞fall應用第三人稱單

數形式。故填(f)alls。

31．句意：宮燈、壁燈、人像燈、花燈、轉馬燈、動物燈、玩具燈，種類繁多，顏色各異。

根據上文“people go in crowds to the a of colorful lanterns”可知，元宵燈種類繁多，顏色各異。

根據首字母c提示，可得單詞colour/color，空格前為all，應用復數形式。故填(c)olours/(c)olors。

32．句意：有些燈籠上有謎語，這鼓勵人們努力成為第一個找到答案的人。根據上文“Some

lanterns have riddles(謎語) on them”及常識可知，出謎語第一個猜出來的人會有獎勵，所以是

鼓勵人們努力成為第一個找到答案的人。根據首字母f提示，可得單詞first，意為“第一個

的”，符合句意，故填(f)irst。

33．句意：吃糯米糍也是傳統習俗。根據上文“The custom started during the Han Dynasty, and

has a history of more than 2000 years”可知，這里說的是另一個習俗，所以空格處應填意為“也”

的單詞。根據首字母a提示，可得單詞also，副詞，意為“也”，符合句意，故填(a)lso。

34．句意：早在宋代，就有這樣一種食物，一種用糯米粉做成的圓球，里面裝滿了糖和果仁。

根據下文“glutinous rice flour with a filling of sugar and kernels”可知，此處指的是它的制作原

料。根據首字母m提示，可得單詞make，根據語境可知，此處應用被動語態，故make應

用過去分詞。故填(m)ade。

35．句意：中國人民希望萬事如意。根據下文“yuanman in Chine”可知，圓滿的意思就是

萬事如意。根據首字母e提示，可得單詞everything，意為“一切”，符合句意，故填(e)verything。