閱讀理解:教師短缺,教師職業危機的跡象 練習 高考英語外刊閱讀訓練

2024年2月16日發(作者：活動議程)

高考英語外刊閱讀訓練——閱讀理解：教師短缺，教師職業危機的跡象

——改編自The Guardian view on teacher shortages: signs of a

profession in crisis

In the past decade, public ctor employees in education

have been expected to "do more with less." This has led to

stagnant wages and increasing workloads, compounded by

the punitive Ofsted inspection process. The result is a potential

deprofessionalisation of the education ctor that will

negatively impact learning. This crisis has been years in the

making as a result of austerity, fewer support staff, and

below-inflation pay ris. Overall, teacher earnings have fallen

by 13% since 2010, with the growing gap between teacher pay

and other graduate professions putting particular pressure on

condary schools struggling to recruit maths and science

graduates.

To make the teaching profession more attractive, the

obvious solution is to rai pay. While the government has

targeted incentives towards early-career teachers, experienced

teachers are still being offered only a meager 3% increa to

be taken out of existing school budgets. A bad Ofsted

inspection can further exacerbate the problem by making it

even harder for schools to recruit, leading to high teacher

turnover and making it tougher for school leaders to maintain

and improve standards. Disadvantaged schools suffer the

most, leaving remaining teachers to take on class outside

their specialism. Teachers live in fear of a bad Ofsted

inspection, and replacing the current rating system with a

range of indicators could provide parents with information

without penalising schools.

Burnout is widespread across the ctor, and unless

salaries are improved, schools will continue to struggle.

Ministers should listen to teachers' warnings about the

problems caud by Ofsted inspections and take steps to

address them.

【重點詞匯】

1. public ctor 公共領域

2. education 教育

3. do more with less 盡量用更少的資源做更多事情

4. stagnant 停滯不前的

5. workload 工作量

6. punitive 懲罰性的

7. Ofsted 英國政府教育部門下屬的學校和兒童機構質量檢查機構

8. inspection 檢查

9. deprofessionalisation 職業化程度降低

10. potential 潛在的

11. impact 影響

12. crisis 危機

13. austerity 緊縮政策

14. support staff 支持員工

15. pay ris 加薪

16. graduate professions 研究生職業

17. condary schools 中等教育

18. maths 數學

19. science 科學

20. attractive 有吸引力的

21. incentives 激勵措施

22. early-career 初期職業生涯

23. experienced 經驗豐富的

24. meager 微薄的

25. school budgets 學校預算

26. recruitment 招聘

27. turnover 流失率

28. maintain 維持

29. standards 標準

30. disadvantaged 弱勢群體

31. specialism 特長

32. fear 害怕

33. rating system 評級系統

34. indicators 指標

35. provide 提供

36. information 信息

37. penalising 處罰

38. widespread 廣泛的

39. address 應對

40. warnings 警告

41. caud 引起

42. steps 措施

43. potential impact 潛在影響

44. rising tide 增長趨勢

45. mental health 心理健康

46. social issues 社會問題

47. negative 消極的

48. earnings 收入

49. below-inflation 低于通貨膨脹

50. pressure 壓力

【閱讀理解練習題】

1. What is the main cau of stagnant wages and

workloads for public ctor employees in education?

A. Insufficient support staff.

B. Declining enrollment in schools.

C. Punitive inspections by Ofsted.

D. Below-inflation pay ris.

Answer: D

中文解析：公共部門教育工作者的工資停滯和工作負擔增加的主要原因是通貨膨脹率低于工資上漲幅度。

2. What problem do condary schools face in recruiting

math and science graduates?

A. A lack of government incentives.

B. A dwindling population of potential teachers.

C. Limited budgets for teacher salaries.

D. A growing pay gap between teaching and other

professions.

Answer: D

中文解析：由于教師工資與其他畢業生專業的工資差距越來越大，

招聘數學和科學畢業生成為中學的教師更加困難。

3. What solution does the author suggest to make

teaching a more attractive profession?

A. Increa experienced teacher salaries.

B. Replace the Ofsted rating system.

C. Hire more support staff.

D. Provide incentives only for early-career teachers.

Answer: A

中文解析：為了讓教師職業更具吸引力，作者建議提高工資，特別是對有經驗的教師。

4. How can a bad Ofsted inspection affect a school?

A. It leads to job cuts for teachers.

B. It caus an increa in enrollment.

C. It makes it harder to recruit new teachers.

D. It leads to an increa in funding from the government.

Answer: C

中文解析：糟糕的Ofsted檢查結果可能會使學校更難以招聘新教師，導致高教師流動率，并使校長更難以維持和提高標準。

5. What happens when remaining teachers take on class

outside their specialism?

A. The students' learning suffers.

B. Teacher salaries increa.

C. The school's budget is decread.

D. Enrollment in the school decreas.

Answer: A

中文解析：當剩余的教師承擔他們所不專注的類時，會影響學生的學習。

6. Why do disadvantaged schools suffer the most from

bad Ofsted inspections?

A. They have a higher teacher turnover rate.

B. They have fewer support staff.

C. They have lower funding from the government.

D. They have less experienced teachers.

Answer: A

中文解析：劣勢學校在Ofsted檢查表現差的情況下會遭受最嚴重的影響，因為這會導致高教師流動率，而這會導致剩余的教師承擔他們所不專注的類。

7. What does the author suggest could replace the current

Ofsted rating system?

A. A wider range of indicators to inform parents.

B. A more punitive system for struggling schools.

C. An incentive-bad system for high-performing

schools.

D. A system bad on staff experience rather than student

performance.

Answer: A

中文解析：作者建議用更廣泛的指標替代Ofsted的等級評估體系，這樣可以提供信息，并避免對學校進行懲罰。

8. What is the main conquence of widespread burnout

among teachers?

A. Higher salaries for experienced teachers.

B. A decline in education standards.

C. Lower enrollment in schools.

D. An increa in support staff.

Answer: B

中文解析：教師普遍疲勞影響到教育水平的下降。

【全文逐句對照翻譯】

在過去的十年里，公共教育部門的雇員被期望“事半功倍”。

In the past decade, public ctor employees in education have

been expected to "do more with less."

這導致工資停滯不前，工作量增加，再加上教育標準局懲罰性的檢查程序。

This has led to stagnant wages and increasing workloads,

compounded by the punitive Ofsted inspection process.

其結果是教育部門潛在的去專業化，這將對學習產生負面影響。

The result is a potential deprofessionalisation of the education

ctor that will negatively impact learning.

由于財政緊縮、后勤人員減少以及低于通貨膨脹率的工資增長，這場危機已經醞釀多年。

This crisis has been years in the making as a result of austerity,

fewer support staff, and below-inflation pay ris.

總體而言，自2010年以來，教師的收入下降了13%，教師工資與其他研究生職業之間的差距越來越大，給那些努力招聘數學和科學專業畢業生的中學帶來了特別的壓力。

Overall, teacher earnings have fallen by 13% since 2010, with

the growing gap between teacher pay and other graduate

professions putting particular pressure on condary schools

struggling to recruit maths and science graduates.

要使教師職業更具吸引力，顯而易見的解決辦法是提高工資。

To make the teaching profession more attractive, the obvious

solution is to rai pay.

雖然政府有針對性地鼓勵初入職場的教師，但有經驗的教師仍然只能從現有的學校預算中獲得微薄的3%的加薪。

While the government has targeted incentives towards

early-career teachers, experienced teachers are still being

offered only a meager 3% increa to be taken out of existing

school budgets.

糟糕的教育標準局檢查會使問題進一步惡化，使學校更難招人，導致教師高流動率，使學校領導更難維持和提高標準。

A bad Ofsted inspection can further exacerbate the problem

by making it even harder for schools to recruit, leading to high

teacher turnover and making it tougher for school leaders to

maintain and improve standards.

弱勢學校受影響最大，剩下的老師只能去上專業以外的課。

Disadvantaged schools suffer the most, leaving remaining

teachers to take on class outside their specialism.

教師們生活在對英國教育標準局糟糕的檢查的恐懼中，用一系列指標取代目前的評級系統可以為家長提供信息，而不會懲罰學校。

Teachers live in fear of a bad Ofsted inspection, and replacing

the current rating system with a range of indicators could

provide parents with information without penalising schools.

職業倦怠在整個教育行業普遍存在，除非薪資得到改善，否則學校將繼續掙扎。

Burnout is widespread across the ctor, and unless salaries

are improved, schools will continue to struggle.

部長們應該聽取教師們關于教育標準局檢查造成的問題的警告，并采取措施解決這些問題。

Ministers should listen to teachers' warnings about the

problems caud by Ofsted inspections and take steps to

address them.