
Unit9 知識點總結
Section A
①---What’s your favorite subject?
---My favorite subject is science.
(1)favorite用作形容詞時,意為“最喜歡的,特別喜歡的”,可在句中作定語修飾名詞。注意:favorite與like都有“喜愛”的意思,但它們的磁性不同個,在句子中所處的位置也不同,favorite常與best互換作用。例如:
His favorite sport is basketball.= He likes basketball best.
What is your favorite color?= What color do you like best?
(2)favorite用作名詞時,意為“特別喜歡的人或物”,是可數名詞。例如:
The movies are my favorites.
②---Why do you like science?
---Becau it’s interesting.
(1)疑問詞why意為“為什么”,用來提問原因,其答句常用becau引導的句子來回答。例如:
---Why are you late for school?
---Becau it is raining.
(2)becau是連詞,意為“因為”,其后接句子,用來說明原因。在漢語中,表示因果關系一般用“因為……,所以……”,但在英語中,becau(因為)與so(所以)在一個句子中不能同時出現。例如:
因為我太忙,所以我不能同你出去。
誤:Becau I am very busy, so I can’t go out with you.
正:Becau I am very busy, I can’t go out with you.
正:I am very busy, so I can’t go out with you.
③---Who is your acher?
---Mr Hu.
who是疑問代詞,它引導的特殊疑問句對人提問,意為“誰”,可以作主語。who作主語時,用“who+謂語+其他?”的句型,并且who通常被認為是第三人稱單數形式,謂語動詞要與其保持一致。例如:
---Who helps you do houwork?
---Mary.
who作表語時,用“who+be+主語?”的句型,系動詞be隨主語的數而變化:主語是第三人稱單數時用is,主語是復數時用are。例如:
---Who’s this man?
---He’s Jack’s father.
---Who are the girls?
---They are Jean and Kate.
④He always plays games with us.
句中的意為“和……一起玩”。例如:
Can you come out to play with me?
play with還可以意為“玩弄,玩耍”。例如:
The boy is playing with his toy car.
Section B
⑤---When is the class?
---It’
介詞on意為“在……時候”,常用于星期、日期前或用于前有描繪性修飾語或帶有of等引導的后置修飾語的morning,afternoon,evening,night,day前,也餓用于公共節假日前。例如:
I have a rest on Sundays.
What are you going to do on Monday morning?
He was born on the night of May 10th.
On Children’s Day, all the children are very happy.
⑥I’m really busy!
(1)busy是形容詞,意為“忙的;繁忙的”,在句中可用作表語,也可用作定語。例如:
We are very busy now.
He is a busy man.
(2)busy的常用短語:
be busy doing sth.意為“忙于做某事”。例如:
He is busy doing his homework.
be busy with sth.意為“忙于某事”。例如:
My sister is busy with her lesson.
【提示】busy雖然有“忙”的意思,但busy只表示人“忙”,而不表示工作“忙”。所以主語一般用表示人的名詞或代詞,而不用work。
試譯:我父親的工作很忙。
誤:My father’s work is very busy.
正:My father is very busy.
⑦It’s difficult, but interesting.
(1)difficult作形容詞,意為“困難的,艱難的”。例如:
Nothing is difficult to a man who has will.
This question is too difficult for me.
(2)but是并列連詞,意為“但是;可是”,表示轉折意義。例如:
She’s very tall, but she doesn’t like playing basketball.
⑧I have an art lesson for two hours.
for為介詞,后面加一段時間,表示“持續多久的時間”。例如:
I do my homework for three hours every day.
易錯易混全解
1.特殊疑問句
(1)用來提出問題的句子,叫疑問句。疑問句按其所提出的不同問題可分為四種:一般疑問句、特殊疑問句、選擇疑問句和反義疑問句。
特殊疑問句時以疑問代詞或疑問副詞開頭,對句子中的某一部分進行提問的句子。它的基本結構是:特殊疑問詞+一般疑問句語序。但是如果疑問詞或由其所修飾的詞在句子中做主語時,就用陳述句語序。回答時,針對問句中的代詞或副詞來回答,不用yes或no來回答。它的回答應是:問什么,答什么。
常用的特殊疑問代詞有:what,which,who,whom,who;疑問副詞有:when,where,why,how等。
(2)特殊疑問句的構成有兩種情況:
①當疑問詞或其他修飾的詞不作主語時,用疑問句語序,即疑問詞+一般疑問句,這是最常見的情況。例如:
Where’s my English book?
②當疑問詞或其所修飾的詞作主語時,用陳述句語序。例如:
Who teaches you English?
具體類型有:
①對指物名詞提出疑問,疑問詞用what。例如:
The twins make a kite.(對畫線部分提問)
What do the twins make?
Mrs Turner asks her son to buy some eggs.(對畫線部分提問)
What does Mrs Turner ask her son to buy?
②對指人的名詞或代詞提問,疑問詞用who。例如:
Who is that woman?
Who’s that boy?
③對具體地點提出疑問,疑問詞應用where。例如:
The pupils have a picnic at the foot of the hill.(對畫線部分提問)
Where do the pupils have a picnic?
④對具體時間提出疑問,如in the morning,last Sunday等,疑問詞常用when;對具體幾點鐘提問,疑問詞常用what time。例如:
When can I e you?
What time is it now?
⑤對表示原因的句子提問,如becau引導的句子,疑問詞應用why。例如:
Why don’t you say hello to him?
⑥對方式或程度等提出疑問,用疑問詞how。例如:
How do you go to school?
⑦對數量提出疑問,疑問詞為how many/how much,要注意how many必須跟可數名詞的
復數形式,how much跟不可數名詞。例如:
How many books do you have?
How much milk is there in the glass?
⑧對價格提出疑問,疑問詞用how much。例如:
How much is the coat?
⑨另外,對日期、星期提出疑問,則分別用:
What’s the date?
What day is it?
【提示】我們已經學過的特殊疑問句有:
①What’s this /that in English?
②What color is it?
③What’s your name?
④What’s your phone number?
⑤What time do you go to school?
⑥When is your birthday?
⑦Where’s my schoolbag?
⑧How old are you?
⑨How much are the pants?
Why do you like math?2.Mr.;Mrs;Miss;Ms.
Mrs. | “夫人”,用于稱呼已婚女性 |
Mr. | “先生”,用于男子姓前 |
Miss | “小姐”,用于稱呼未婚女性 |
Ms. | “女士”,用于稱呼不明婚姻狀況的女性 |
| |
3.some;any
(1)some和any作定語時,既可以修飾可數名詞,也可以修飾不可數名詞。Some多用于肯定句,意為“一些;若干”。例如:
Tom has some good friends at school.
There is some milk in the glass.
(2)any多用于否定句、疑問句,有“任何的;一些”的意思。
There aren’t any trees behind the hou.
Is there any bread on the table?
【提示】①any多用于肯定句中,表示“任一”。例如:
Any man knows that.
②some也可用于表示提出建議、邀請或請求等的疑問句中。例如: