英語二+10單元課文(帶每句翻譯)

2023年12月22日發(作者：信息管理系統論文)

Text A Working Women --— East and West

東西方的職業婦女

Work，for most American and Chine women aged 55 and under， involves responsibility

n.責任，責任心；職責

for

a houhold，a child or children，and a job outside the home as well（也）．對于大多數55歲或55歲以下的美國婦女和中國婦女來說，工作包括家務、照顧一個或幾個孩子以及一份家庭以外的工作，It all adds up to a busy life．所有這些加起來就是忙碌的生活。How is it going for

them — for us?

她們現在的情況怎么樣?我們中國的情況又怎么樣呢?

Unit10

Experts have obrved [???????] vt.&vi.觀察

that life forms a different sort of

adv.有幾分地a.有幾分地 pyramid

for women in China than in the United States．專家學者已經注意到，對中美兩國婦女來說，生活形成的“金字塔”形狀各不相同。In China，nearly all young mothers are employed被雇傭 outside the home，在中國，幾乎所有年輕的母親都有職業， with their numbers

decreasing [???????????????????]

vt./vi./n.減小，減少

as they approach middle age．但隨著年齡步人中年，人數越來越少。The reasons are clear：原因很清楚：the cond income of the woman is an absolute絕對的 necessity必要性 for a young family with a child or two．對于有一兩個孩子的夫婦來說，妻子的這第二筆收入絕對是必要的。Later on，以后，when the children grow up，孩子長大了，the older couple [?????] n.夫婦；(一)對；幾個can more easily live on the husband’s earnings plus the wife’s pension

[???????] n.

養老金

，老兩口靠丈夫的收入加上妻子的養老金，生活就不太困難了。and fewer

middle-aged women continue in employment．中年婦女繼續工作者為數不多。

The pyramid for American women is the opposite ['?p?zit]．美國婦女的“金字塔”形狀恰好相反：with fewer young women

employed ,

年輕婦女工作的人數較少，and the number increasing

增加at older ages．而歲數較大時，人數卻增加了。Many young

mothers have found it more efficient有效的 to stay home，care for children themlves，許多年輕的母親覺得呆在家里自己照顧孩子效果更好，and then find employment n.就業later when the children are older and more independent.

等孩子長大些后，能比較獨立地生活了，再去找工作。But rising costs of living are requiring要求 more young American women

to help support

[???????] vt.支撐；支持；維持their families，但是，生活費用的增加需要更多的美國年輕婦女幫助養家，and it is

increasingly

逐漸地true that young American women want to have jobs．而且美國年輕婦女想出去工作也日益成為事實。

But the American working mother often feels troubled by the complexity

[????????????] n.復雜(性)

of her

life．但是，有工作的美國母親往往對生活的復雜性感到苦惱。Childcare is unreliable and expensive.

讓人看小孩既不可靠費用又高。Childcare workers have low status and are not well educated and are poorly paid保育員社會地位低下，沒受過良好的教育，收入很低—they are often women who are unable to get better jobs．——這些人往往是找不到更好工作的婦女。Thus the

American working mother always has the worry that her child is not being as well cared for as she hopes，因此，美國有工作的母親總是擔心孩子不能像她希望的那樣受到很好的照顧，and the Cost of babysitters or private enterpri

[??????????] n.事業；企業daycare centers can cost half or more of her salary．而且保姆費或私營幼兒園的收費要花掉她工資的一半或者更多。Other worries distract分心 her from good performance工作n. at her job：還有其他的煩心事讓她不能好好地工作：What if the babysitter gets sick?

保姆病了怎么辦?What will her employer think if she has to stay at home with

a sick child?

要是必須留在家里照顧生病的小孩，老板會怎么想呢?What if the car ,necessary to get the child to the daycare

center and herlf to and from her job，breaks down?

要是送孩子上幼兒園和自己上下班的汽車壞了怎么辦?Few people live clo

enough to their work or the childcare center to accomplish this on foot or by bicycle，as in China．很少有 1

人能像在中國那樣，住的離單位和幼兒園都很近，只要步行或騎車就行了。

In China，grandmothers play an invaluable role in taking care of children and houholds while the young

parents are at work．在中國，年輕的父母工作，祖母在照看孩子和料理家務上起了不可估量的作用。It ems like an ideal arrangement

-- the grannies become important members of the family，這好像是一種理想的安排：奶奶成了家庭中的重要成員，and they are

houd and fed吃 in return—although in crowded homes that most American would not enjoy．供吃管住是對她們的報答——雖然住的地方很擁擠，大部分美國人不喜歡這樣。In America，an older woman who had to fill 填空；補缺this role would

be likely to feel she was being made a kind of rvant．在美國，必須這樣做的老年婦女可能有被當作傭人使用的感覺。She may

feel lonely sometimes，盡管有時候覺得孤獨，but generally is proud驕傲 of being lf—sufficient．但總的來說，美國老年婦女以自立而感到驕傲。Both she and her family tend to feel she derves值得 to be free of childcare now，having

reared the large family of the 1950s baby boom．經歷了50年代的生育高峰，把很多子女都撫養大了，她和家人都感到她現在不應再看小孩了。

On the job，Chine women em more confident，despite their traditional pretty manners，than do American

women in their work p1ace．在工作單位，盡管中國婦女有傳統的溫文爾雅的舉止，她們在工作中表現出的自信心似乎比美國婦女更強。American

women em less inclined傾向于??的to speak up easily to the boss．美國婦女似乎不愿向上司大膽表述自己的意見。Young Chine

women at work em more bold清晰的and less lf-conscious．中國的年輕婦女在工作中似乎更大膽、更自然。The work unit is

more like a large family，工作單位更像一個大家庭，where the youngest workers feel at ea[i:z] with the“mom”and“dad”of the group．最年輕的工作人員和這個大家庭的“媽媽”、“爸爸”在一起工作毫不感到拘束。American women act either as if

they doubt [da??t]懷疑that they really belong at work among the men，美國婦女表現的要么好像懷疑自己竟然能同男子一樣地工作，or they are constantly經常地，不斷地looking for evidence[evid恩s]特征 of discrimination辨別 against反對

them．

要么好像不停地尋找歧視婦女的證據。

At home，while Chine men em to be performing表演的 more houhold duties such as cleaning，cooking，shopping and caring for children than they ud to，在家里，中國男子在諸如打掃衛生、洗衣、煮菜燒飯、買東西、照顧孩子等家務活方面似乎比過去做得多了，and American men are also becoming much more willing to“help”，而美國男子也比過去變得更加樂意去“幫助”做這些家務，it ems only realistic to say that people the world over still regard the as basically

women’s tasks and therefore因此 women’s responsibility，但好像惟一現實的說法是：全世界的人仍然把這些工作看做本來就是婦女的事，是婦女的責任，no matter who may do them on any given day．而不管是誰哪一天這些活。They are a heavy[‘hevi]

burden on both Chine and American women這對中美婦女都是一個沉重的負擔，but Chine women em to shoulder them

more firmly 堅定and more cheerfully高高興興地．但是，中國婦女似乎更堅決、更樂意地挑起這副擔子。

American women do have varied and complex concerns：美國婦女確實有各種各樣的復雜事情需要關心：in addition to work at home

and on the job，a woman feels that she must make an attractive home that reflects her family’s status，除了家務和工作之外，她還覺得必須整理收拾出一個能反映家庭社會地位的、吸引人的家；she must prent an attractive吸引人的 appearance外表at work，and above all，she must be a good companion to her husband．

工作時必須有討人喜歡的外表；更重要的是必須做丈夫的好伴侶。

Chine women are freer of the competition for status，中國婦女沒有那么多社會地位上的競爭，especially as reprented

by their homes特別是沒有家庭代表的社會地位的競爭，and both men and women have a great deal of companionship in their

work unit．而且，不論男女，在各自的工作單位上都有許多朋友交往。Chine women also look attractive at work，中國婦女在工作 2

時也很漂亮，but they achieve

完成it more casually

偶然地and simply，但只是比較隨意、簡單地梳妝打扮一下，and do not em

to feel that their career progress發展進步n. depends on the way they look．好像沒有感到她們的事業取決于她們的外表。

Which system is better for the woman? 哪一種制度對職業婦女更好呢? What we expect in life and what we are ud

to would strongly influence our evaluation．生活中我們所期望的和我們已經習慣的一切都會對我們的評價有很大的影響。Looking at

women in both China and the United States，看看中美兩國婦女，one cannot help but be impresd印象 with

their-our-strength，competence and general good cheer．人們不能不對她們的——我們的——力量、能力和總的樂觀精神有深刻的印象。Our nations could not run without us．

我們兩個國家，離了婦女誰也運轉不了。

CLOZE

Ⅳ·Cioze．Plea pay attention that there are more words than are necessary·

number incread ri decread 1ast

employment prent economy part。time expen

announced to full—time remained at

Twenty years ago，more than 60％ of the employed work force was male now it has decread to just 51％．20年前，60％多的雇傭勞動者是男性，現在這一數目已降到了5l％。During this twenty-year period there has been a 2.8-million fall

in the number of men in work，20年間，男性雇傭勞動者減少了280萬，and a 2-Million ri in the number of women．而女性勞動雇傭者增加了200萬。At prent there are 10.68 million male employees and 10.14 million women．現在，有1068萬男性雇傭勞動者，1014萬女性勞動雇傭者。Although many women workers are part-time workers, around 45％ of the total．雖然許多婦女(約占總數的45％)是半日工，this reprents the only source of earned income for many houholds in areas where

employment is depresd沮喪的，凹陷的．她們的工資是許多勞動力市場蕭條地區家庭的惟一收入來源。Analysts say that much of the

upturn in employment during the recovery of economy will be in part-time jobs for women．但分析家指出，在經濟恢復期內，勞動力市場好轉就是給婦女半日工種工作。A big British shop，as well as British Airways，has recently announced

plans to increa part-time employment at the expen of full-time jobs．

英國航空公司和一家大型商店最近宣布，計劃減少全日工種以提高半日工種的數量。

Txit B

Women’s Liberation 婦女解放運動

Have you heard of the women’s liberation [???????????] movement?

你聽說過婦女解放運動嗎? It began in

the 1960s and was started by women who were concerned about their identity [??????????] n.同一，一致；身份，本體，它開始于20世紀60年代，their role in society，their work，and the view of women that many people held保持．最初由一些婦女發起。她們關心女性對自身的認識、女性的社會角色、女性的工作及人們對女性的態度。Now many American women are deeply

concerned about the things．現在，許多美國婦女都很關心這些問題，The women would like better and more interesting

lives for all women everywhere．她們希望普天下所有的婦女都能過上更好、更有趣的生活。

There are many aspects

[???????] n.方面；樣子，外表of the women’s liberation movement．婦女解放運動有許多方面。Some

women agree with all of the goals of women’s liberation．有些婦女贊同婦女解放運動提出的所有目標，They want full equality

with men in every aspect of life．想同男子在生活的各個方面都平等。In marriage，they want husbands and wives to share

[???] vt.分享 n.一份 vi. 分擔all of the work and responsibilities of a home and family．家庭中，她們希望夫妻二人共同操持家務，共同承擔對家庭的責任；In work，they want women and men to have the same jobs and the same chance to succeed． They

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want women to be paid just as much as men for the same work．工作中，她們希望男女同工同酬，有同樣獲得成功的機會。Other

women agree with only some of the ideas of women’s liberation．有些婦女僅贊同婦女解放運動提出目標的一部分，They want

the same pay if they hold the same job as a man．她們希望如果男女從事同樣的工作，婦女能得到同男子一樣的報酬，At home，however，they do not expect [????????] vt.預料，預期；等待their husbands to share in the cleaning，cooking，and other houhold

jobs．但在家中，她們不指望丈夫幫忙做飯、打掃衛生和做其他的家務。

It is necessary to remember that the women’s liberation movement is not concerned only with concrete

issues．應該記住，婦女解放運動不僅僅涉及具體問題，The movement is also concerned with attitudes and beliefs．還涉及女性自身的態度和觀念。One typical example of this concern is the issue of a woman’s identity．一個典型的例子就是女性的自身認識問題。A woman’s identity is what she thinks of herlf as a person，who she thinks she is，and what

she thinks she can do. 女性自身認識指婦女作為個人，怎樣看待自己，認為自己是誰，自己能干什么。Some women do not think they are

capable of doing anything important．有些婦女認為自己什么重要的事情也干不了。The women’s liberation movement would

like to help the women improve their views of themlves．婦女解放運動旨在幫助她們改變對自身的看法。Many women who

are concerned with women’s liberation have taken jobs，許多關心婦女解放運動的女性有自己的工作，have helped others,幫助過別人，have raid healthy children，撫養了健康的孩子，and have done many other things to contribute to their

communities．為自己所在的社區做了許多事情。They have shown that they are capable of being good leaders and of doing

many important things．她們已經證明婦女能夠做許多重要的事情。

A cond issue of the women’s liberation movement is the question of women’s roles．婦女解放運動的另一個問題就是婦女角色的問題。Should a woman work outside the home?

婦女應該在外面工作嗎?Should she work if she is married

and has children?

結婚有了孩子后是應該工作，Or should she stay home to take care of her husband and children?

還是應該在家相夫教子?What will the rest of society think of her if she enters a profession or has a career事業?

她如果踏人職業圈，社會上其他人會怎樣看呢?What will other people think if she wants to stay home and rai a family?

如果她想在家料理家務、相夫教子，其他人又會怎樣看呢?The questions do not have just one correct answer．這些問題沒有惟一正確的答案，Every woman must decide her own role．每個婦女應該自己決定自己的角色。The women’s liberation movement is trying

to make it possible for a woman to decide what she wants to do．婦女解放運動就是要努力實現婦女自己能決定要做的事情，The

movement also wants to make it possible for her to do the best and the most she possibly can．還要幫助婦女實現自己做得最好、最多。

If a woman decides to take a job outside the home，如果一個婦女自己想在外面工作，there are many important questions

which are raid．這就出現了許多問題。Can she get any job she is capable [????????] of and qualified for?

她是否能夠得到她有能力且有資格去做的工作?Or are some jobs clod關閉的 to her becau she is a woman?

是否因為她是女性，許多工作她就得不到?If she gets a job and some of her fellow workers are men doing the same work，如果她得到一份工作，同事中有男性和她做同樣的工作，will she be paid as much as they are?

她能得到和他們一樣多的報酬嗎?The issues are considered

important in the United States．在美國，人們認為這些問題非常重要。The government has pasd some laws to try to help

women get any job for which they are qualified，政府已經通過不少法令幫助婦女獲得她們有資格去做的工作，and to help them get

the same pay as a man for doing the same work．幫助她們實現同工同酬。The government has also pasd a law to encourage

business that get money from the government to be fair to women and minority

[??????????]

n.少數；少數民族groups．政府還通過了一條法令，鼓勵那些從政府處得到財政資助的商行平等地對待婦女和少數民族，This is called the Affirmative Action Law．這 4

條法令被稱為“機會均等計劃法案”。It says that if a company is not fair to women and other minority groups，它規定，如果哪家公司對待婦女或少數民族有失公平，the government will not do business with that company．政府將停止對該公司的財政資助，This encourages business to provide equal

[???????] a.相等的；平等的opportunities [????????????]機會 for women．這樣就鼓勵了各商行為婦女提供平等的就業機會。

Many people agree with the ideas and goals of women’s liberation．許多人都贊同婦女解放運動的觀點和目標。 They feel

that women ought to be considered equal to men in every way．他們認為婦女在各方面都應得到同男子一樣的待遇， They feel

that a woman should be able to decide to stay home and rai a family，婦女應該自己決定是在家相夫教子、操持家務；or

to stay home and not rai a family，還是呆在家里，同丈夫做“丁克”一族；or to go out and work，還是出去工作；or to have

a job outside the home and the family as well．還是工作孩子兩不耽誤。They feel a woman should be able to do anything

that she wants to do and can do．他們認為婦女應該去做她們自己想做、自己能做的事情。Other people are oppod [??????] vt.反對；反抗

to women’s liberation．也有些人反對婦女解放運動，They do not think that woman should have the same jobs

and the same pay as men．在他們看來，男女不應同工同酬，They believe that men should do all of the important work．男子應做所有重要的事情，They feel that women should stay at home，taking care of men and children．婦女就該呆在家中照顧丈夫、孩子，Many husbands do not want their wives to work outside the home．他們不愿妻子出去工作。Some women agree

with the men．有些婦女也贊同這些男子的觀點。People who support 支持women’s liberation do not feel that it is bad

for a woman to remain at home if she wants to．如果一個婦女愿意呆在家中，支持婦女解放運動的人并不感到這是壞事。They believe

that work in the home is important and should be respected尊重．在他們看來，在家操持家務和在外工作一樣重要，也應受到尊重。But they want to make sure that a woman works at home becau she wants to,但這樣的前提是婦女自愿在家，and not

becau she can’t get a job outside the home，而不是因為在外面找不到工作，or becau she does not believe that she

can do anything uful in her community．或者她認為自己不能在社區做任何有用的事情。

The women’s liberation movement is trying to give women a chance to show what they can do．婦女解放運動努力給婦女一個展示自身能力的機會。Perhaps a woman will find the cure for our most rious dia．或許哪位婦女能夠找到治療人類最嚴重疾病的方法，Perhaps a woman will solve the energy crisis [????????] n.危機；存亡之際．或許哪位婦女能夠解決能力危機Perhaps women and men, working together，will be able to accomplish important things better and sooner

than men would if men were working alone．或許男女共同工作比男子單獨工作能更好、更快地完成重要的事情。If the women’s liberation

movement is successful, we will have a chance to find out．如果婦女解放運動能夠成功，我們就有機會找出這些假設的結果。

Each man and each woman must decide whether he or she agrees with the ideas of the women’s liberation

movement completely，每個男子和每個女子都必須決定自己是否完全贊同婦女解放運動的觀點，partly， or not at a11．部分贊同婦女解放運動的觀點，還是根本就不贊同婦女解放運動的觀點。Whether you agree or disagree with women’s liberation,不管贊同與否， you

know that it has begun to change our lives．婦女解放運動已經開始改變我們的生活了。

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