2022-2023學年北京海淀區(qū)高三(上)期中英語試卷及答案

2023年12月22日發(fā)(作者：林書豪長高方法)

2022北京海淀高三（上）期中

英 語

本試卷共10頁，100分。考試時長90分鐘。考生務必將答案答在答題紙上，在試卷上作答無效。考試結束后，將本試卷和答題紙一并交回。

第一部分：知識運用(共兩節(jié)，30分)

第一節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，共15分)

閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題紙上將該項涂黑。

A couple in Italy who met at a nightly balcony concert during the coronavirus lockdown are becoming a

modern-day Romeo and Juliet in the same city where Shakespeare’s story of unfortunate lovers took place.

Edda Farina and Marco Colombo___1___each other during one of the regular 6:00 pm___2___concerts

designed to cheer up the community.

Edda initially noticed Marco when she stepped outside to his violin___3___on his balcony. She said, “The

music was like an arrow fired by Cupid”. Marco, who also fell in love at first sight, tracked Edda down on social

media. The two kept___4___each other till one day Marco made a big banner to hang from the top floor of his

building with Edda’s name on it to___5___his love for her.

They then had their first date in a park as the restrictions were___6___in May. It turned out the couple had

lived in the same neighbourhood for much of their lives, but it___7___a global pandemic to finally bring them

together. Perhaps the fact that the couple could lean on each other during the lockdown meant that they had built

a___8___foundation before they met up. As Marco shared on his social media, “We are considering a wedding

ceremony on the large roof of my apartment building, which would___9___since we met on our balconies”.

Finally a balcony love story that ends happily—one Shakespeare himlf could never have____10____!

1. A. greeted

2. A. balcony

3. A. studio

4. A. consulting

5. A. ek

6. A. lifted

7. A. caud

8. A. sound

9. A. work out

10. A. understood

B. recognized

B. charity

B. talent

B. messaging

B. declare

B. announced

B. derved

B. material

B. take effect

B. adopted

C. spotted

C. folk

C. practice

C. dating

C. share

C. introduced

C. needed

C. fresh

C. make n

C. edited

D. monitored

D. square

D. performance

D. visiting

D. win

D. rejected

D. took

D. basic

D. pay off

D. anticipated

第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，共15分)

A

閱讀下面短文，根據短文內容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個恰當的單詞，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內所給詞的正確形式填空。

Charles Dickens was born on February 7th, 1812, the son of a clerk at the Navy Pay Office. His

father,____11____(continuous) living beyond his means, was imprisoned for debt in the Marshala in 1824.

Twelve-year-old Charles ____12____(remove) from school and nt to work at a boot-blacking factory, earning six

shillings a week to help support the family.

This dark experience cast a shadow over the clever, nsitive boy. The childhood poverty and feelings of

abandonment would be a heavy influence____13____Dickens’ later views on social reform and the world he would

create through his fiction.

B

閱讀下面短文，根據短文內容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個恰當的單詞，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內所給詞的正確形式填空。

Farming was considered part of the rural charm in the past. But now, farms have come to the concrete jungle

and they can even be found high up on balconies.

According to a recent report____14____(relea) by a Chine e-commerce platform, the sales of vegetable

eds in the first quarter on T–mall doubled compared with the same period last year. Sales of products such as

nutrient soil and gardening tools____15____(ri) three times since last April. Out of all the

people____16____(buy) farming tools and eds, most were born after 1995.

C

閱讀下面短文，根據短文內容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個恰當的單詞，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內所給詞的正確形式填空。

How people think about their competence____17____(influence) how they learn and grow. People with a

fixed mindt believe that their talents and qualities are pre-determined and unchanging. Therefore, they easily

adopt limiting beliefs about____18____they can and cannot do. This fixed mindt can lead people to avoid

challenges, to feel threatened by others’ success, and to turn a deaf ear____19____there is an ethical misbehavior.

On the contrary, people driven by growth mindt are more convinced that their____20____(capable) can be

developed, thus more motivated to take on challenges and respond well to criticism.

第二部分：閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，38分)

第一節(jié)(共14小題;每小題2分，共28分)

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題紙上將該

項涂黑。

A

Nia’s family moved often, finding shelter in rooms with relatives. Tensions ro with every move and shouting

matches were constant. When everything came to a boil, Nia found it best to keep silent. She became more and

more withdrawn as she got older, losing confidence in herlf and her voice.

When she was a young adult, Nia had developed a fear of speaking. So when a friend told her about

YouthCare’s Tile Project, she was terrified. But Nia wanted to take steps to find a job and support herlf. She

finally took a deep breath and decided to give it a shot.

Nia signed up for a ceramic (陶瓷) class. The passion she gained for learning a new craft was clear-but when it

came to group activities in the classroom, Nia struggled. She told staff that she didn’t like being around people she

didn’t know. So when the class was given the opportunity to ll their artwork at a local fair, Nia hesitated. With the

support from YouthCare Career Coordinator, Kate, she cautiously agreed.

When the big day came, shoppers poured into the fair, approaching Nia with questions about the program and

art pieces for sale. Each time, Nia turned to Kate to whisper the answers in her ear, and Kate repeated the answers

out loud. At one point during the fair, she was left alone for a moment. When a customer came up to ask a question,

Nia answered with hesitation. Soon after, another visitor came. When Kate returned to her side, Nia fought back her

fears and answered their questions on her own.

Nia’s confidence grew with every interaction. By the end of the day, she was beaming. “I was so impresd by

Nia. She really loved explaining to customers how to fire ceramic,” said Kate. “The artwork she sold was the

biggest sale of the day!”

That day at the fair was life-changing for Nia. She discovered that she truly enjoyed talking to others-especially about art! With continued support from staff to build communication skills and confidence, Nia

completed the Tile Project with flying colors.

21. What made Nia finally decide to try the Project?

A. Her family atmosphere.

C. Her desire to find a job.

22. The fair is life-changing for Nia becau she .

A. discovered her true love in art

C. won the recognition of customers

23. What can we know about Nia?

A. She was forced to the fair.

C. She finished the project successfully.

B. She did very well throughout the fair.

D. She was struggling in learning ceramic.

B. made the biggest sale in the fair

D. gained confidence through interaction

B. Her friend’s persuasion.

D. Her passion for ceramics.

B

It is our mission to help busy but curious home cooks make the best purcha decisions. Now compile our

informative lists below.

Kitchn

If you’re dedicated to learning the ins and outs of cooking and want a full program, Kitchn Cooking School

offers an online cour that includes 20 lessons over 20 days for only $30 each class.

Each day, a new topic is covered, starting with knife skills and ending with how to plan, cook and throw a

dinner party. Most importantly, the instructors value the joy in cooking. The tone of Kitchn is light, playful, and

fun, but still professional and very informative.

Udemy

With over 183,000 online cours available, Udemy offers a variety of cooking cours taught by instructors

around the country.

Many videos come with bonus material that includes suggestions on kitchen tools and equipment. Udemy

offers great deals with large sales on class, as well as a lection of free content. Cours come with full, lifetime

access when purchad and a 30-day, money-back guarantee. Prices generally range from $10 to $30.

Rouxbe

Widely recognized as the leading online cooking school among industry professionals, Rouxbe offers a wide

array of individual lessons, plus their professional certificate programs.

Membership costs around $15 per month or $99 per year, but Rouxbe often offers discounts on their annual

membership, as well as a 30–day free trial. So, if you’ve been struggling to come up with recipes to cook at home,

Rouxbe is a fantastic resource that provides simple, quality professional guidance.

NYT

NYT is recognized for its food ction and offers a large lection of instructional cooking videos online for all

skill levels.

For tho with specific dietary preferences, you can easily find what you’re looking for by lecting categories

like dairy–free, low-carb, high fiber and more. Membership fee is around $5 per month or $40 annually for

unlimited access. And, not to worry: You can cancel at any time.

24. Which one is most likely to attract vegetarians?

A. Kitchn. B. Udemy. C. Rouxbe. D. NYT.

25. What can we know from the passage?

A. Kitchn is recognized for its professional and informative style.

B. Udemy offers rich cooking cours by worldwide instructors.

C. Rouxbe is highly thought of by industry professionals.

D. NYT targets people with specific dietary preferences.

26. What do the four schools have in common?

A. They offer online cours.

C. They provide extra materials.

27. What is the purpo of the passage?

A. To compare the cooking methods.

C. To promote home cooking skills.

B. To recommend cooking schools.

D. To introduce cooking cours.

B. They allow special discounts.

D. They engage famous instructors.

C

Next Frontiers

Schoolbooks typically prent explorers as intrepid (勇敢的) individuals who, for example, sail wooden ships

to new lands. But today most explorers who are making fundamental discoveries are scientists. And whether the

frontiers are tiny, like the human genome, or massive, like our deepest oceans, we still have much left to learn about

planet Earth. The quests that modern scientists pursue rival (比得上) anything in a history book or an adventure

novel.

Exploration is science in its most basic form — asking questions of the natural world and, we hope, using the

answers for the betterment of everything on Earth.

Exploration has great value. It inspires us, widens our knowledge and gives us hope for a better future. And the

practical payoffs can even be lifesaving. Scientists who spent decades exploring what was in the atmosphere found

that over time the concentration of carbon dioxide was rising. Without that discovery, we humans would now be

living like the proverbial frog in a pot of gradually heating water, unsure why the environment around us is

changing, and slowly boiling to death.

The human drive to overcome challenges is an esntial aspect of the human drive to explore, which, in most

cas, spurs innovation. Early human submersibles that reached the bottom of the deepest ocean trenches made the

trip just once, stresd by the enormous pressures there. But eventually a more stress-resistant deep–submergence

vehicle, the Limiting Factor, allowed investor and undera explorer Victor Vescovo to reach trench bottoms

numerous times.

Now there are roughly 4,000 autonomous Argo floats across the world’s oceans that dive down to 2,000 feet

and resurface every 10 days. Programmable vesls greatly expand our reach and reduce the risk to the people

involved in exploration, allowing for the kind of discovery that the human body might limit. The Argo group will

also deploy dozens of nsors every year that will gather biological and chemical data, leading to new obrvations

about marine life.

Other institutions plan to arch the as in unison, nding data to guide ships that forward the information to

rearchers on shore. Ocean rearch groups have made it a priority to openly share their discoveries and data with

the public and to inspire the next generation of young scientists. Anyone can go along for the ride — we can all be

explorers. Maybe one day you’ll explore the Great Barrier Reef, the dert, or a rain-forest canopy.

Captain James T. Kirk began each episode of the original Star Trek television ries by saying, “Space, the

final frontier.” Not necessarily. We still have plenty to discover right here on Earth, and we eagerly await surpris

from the newest worlds we find.

28. The example “proverbial frog” in Paragraph 3 is ud to .

A. illustrate the significance of exploration

C. argue for the necessity of innovation

29. We can learn from Paragraph 4 and 5 that .

A. the human desire to overcome challenges leads to innovation

B. a life obrvation is the final purpo of ocean exploration

C. the findings of ocean exploration are rather disappointing

D. new technologies push human exploration in the ocean

30. What can we infer from the passage?

A. Few modern scientists are true explorers.

C. Exploring is an in-born human quality.

B. The space will be human’s final frontier.

D. Exploring the earth can still be fruitful.

B. stress the importance of knowledge

D. show the impact of global warming

D

Humans have long gained pleasure from the smells of the natural world. For the most part, though, human

beings are not their target market. For plants, fragrances are a way to interact with incts and other animals. Their

attraction for people happens simply by chance.

In chemical terms, most natural fragrances are made up of volatiles — so called becau of their tendency to

change states suddenly. Volatiles evaporate easily, drifting into nos. In plants’ reproductive process, smelly

volatiles attract pollinators (授粉昆蟲). But their natural applications are much more varied. If an inct chews

through the leaves of some Burra plants, out shoots a sticky, smelly liquid to trap it. Coyote tobacco plants are

even more crafty: upon nsing the smell of hungry caterpillars, they produce volatiles that attract predators to kill

the pests.

What is truly amazing is just how wily plants can be in using their scents for reproduction. White flowers often

emit their scent at night to attract nocturnal pollinators such as moths. They produce a dilute nectar (稀釋的花蜜)

that encourages moths to keep moving, rather than linger at a single bloom—all the better to increa pollination.

Other flowers change their fragrance after being successfully pollinated, as a signal for incts to go elwhere.

But though “Scent” is a story of plants’ cleverness, it is also a tale of the human kind. People have long ud

fragrances for their own purpos, particularly for u in religious ceremonies: perfume recipes on the walls of an

Egyptian temple in Edfu demonstrate just how long ingredients have been mixed in pursuit of the best blend. So

highly prized were some scents that, to scare off competitors, Arab traders spread a legend about giant eagles that

guarded cinnamon.

Eventually scientists no longer needed natural sources for fragrances. In 1866 a fragrance molecule was

produced for the first time. Sixteen years later, Houbigant Parfum relead Fougère Royale, the first “modern

fantasy perfume” that creates an imaginary scent rather than copying a natural one. Nowadays fragrance–making is

dominated by man–made compounds, which can be reliably and affordably produced in large quantities.

That has led to the mass production of smelly products, from toilet paper to toothpaste. Scent is accordingly

big business. It is said that a world–famous fragrance and flavour manufacturer that claims people interact with its

products up to 30 times a day, had sales of €3.8bn last year.

31. According to Paragraph 1 and 2, which would the author agree with?

A. Some plants might kill the pests with their smells.

B. Fragrance is a tool for plants to protect themlves.

C. People interact with nature easily through fragrance.

D. Fragrances are less important to humans than to animals and incts.

32. What does the underlined word “prized” in Paragraph 4 most probably mean?

A. Developed. B. Rewarded. C. Mixed. D. Valued.

33. What can we learn from the passage?

A. Humans do not u fragrances as purpofully as plants do.

B. Natural sources for fragrances will be out of date in the future.

C. Plants u fragrances to both attract and nd away pollinators.

D. Man–made fragrances have to be produced by copying natural ones.

34. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?

A. Plants Smell, Incts Prey

C. Fragrance: To Make or Not to Make

B. Smartness behind Fragrance

D. Fragrance Connects Human & Nature

第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2分，共10分)

根據短文內容，從短文后的七個選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題紙上將該項涂黑。選項中有兩項為多余選項。

How Sociologists Define Culture

Culture is one of the most important concepts within sociology becau sociologists recognize that it plays a

crucial role in our social lives. It is important for shaping social relationships, maintaining and challenging social

order, determining how we make n of the world and our place in it, and in shaping our everyday actions and

experiences in society.____35____

In brief, sociologists define the non–material aspects of culture as the values and beliefs, language,

communication and practices that are shared in common by a group of people. Expanding on the categories,

culture is made up of our knowledge, common n, assumptions and expectations. It is also the rules, norms, laws

and morals that govern society; the words we u as well as how we speak and write them; and the symbols we u

to express meaning, ideas and concepts.____36____It informs and is encapsulated in how we walk, sit, carry our

bodies and interact with others; how we behave depending on the place, time and “audience”; and how we express

identities of race, class and gender, among others. Culture includes the collective practices we participate in as well,

such as religious ceremonies, the celebration of cular holidays and attending sporting events.

____37____This aspect of culture includes a wide variety of things, from buildings, technological gadgets and

clothing, to film, music, literature and art, among others. Aspects of material culture are more commonly referred to

as cultural products.

Sociologists e the two sides of culture—the material and non–material—as cloly connected. Material

culture emerges from and is shaped by the non-material aspects of culture.____38____But it is not a one–way

relationship between material and non–material culture. Material culture can also influence the non-material aspects

of culture. For example, a powerful documentary film might change people’s attitudes and

beliefs.____39____What has come before in terms of music, film, television and art, for example, influences the

values, beliefs and expectations of tho who interact with them, which then, in turn, influence the creation of

additional cultural products.

A. This is why cultural products tend to follow patterns.

B. It is compod of both non-material and material things.

C. Without culture, we would not have relationships or society.

D. Culture is also what we do and how we behave and perform.

E. Material culture is compod of the things that humans make and u.

F. Culture is distinct from social structure and economic aspects of society.

G. In other words, what we value, believe and know influences the things that we make.

第三部分：書面表達(共兩節(jié)，32分)

第一節(jié)(共4小題;第40、41小題各2分，第42小題3分，第43小題5分，共12分)

閱讀下面短文，根據題目要求用英文回答問題。

Nobody likes to feel anxious. Anxiety is among the most common and criticized of human emotions. Studies

show that over 100 million people in the U.S. will suffer from an anxiety disorder in their lifetime. Rates, especially

among the young, have been rising for the past decade. It ems, then, that our efforts to contain anxiety aren’t

working.

As a clinical psychologist and neuroscience rearcher, I believe that we mental health professionals have

made a terrible mistake. Feeling anxious isn’t the problem. The problem is that we don’t understand how to respond

constructively to anxiety. That’s why it’s increasingly hard to know how to feel good.

This “bad” feeling isn’t a failure of mental health. It’s a triumph of human evolution: the ability to think about

the uncertain future and prepare for it. The unpleasant emotion, for example, fear, signals that you may be in

danger—from a predator, bully or speeding car—and readies your body and mind to fight or take flight.

Anxiety, by contrast, has nothing to do with prent threats. Instead, it turns you into a mental time traveler,

drawing your attention to what lies ahead. Will you succeed or fail in that interview for a job you desperately want?

Anxiety prompts your mind and body into action. Your worries force you to prepare thoroughly for the interview,

while your heart races and pumps blood to your brain so that you stay sharp and focud, prepared to pursue your

goals.

Rearch has also shown something that many scientists didn’t expect: higher levels of dopamine (多巴胺)

when we’re anxious. We have long known that dopamine soars when an experience is pleasurable and also in

anticipation of rewards. The fact that anxiety also boosts dopamine levels points to its role in making positive

possibilities into reality.

Many of us feel overwhelmed by lasting anxiety and don’t e any benefit from it. We have come to believe

that the best way to cope is to get rid of it. But treating anxiety like a dia prevents us from distinguishing

between ordinary anxiety and anxiety disorders. We need to develop a new mindt about this misunderstood

emotion. Anxiety can’t do its job unless it makes us uncomfortable, forcing us to sit up and pay attention. We don’t

need to like anxiety—just to u it in the right way.

40. Why is it increasingly hard for us to know how to feel good?

_____________________________________________________________

41. How does anxiety help one in a job interview?

_____________________________________________________________

42. Plea decide which part is fal in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.

Rearch has shown that dopamine soars when an experience is pleasurable, but it is in lower levels when we are

anxious.

_____________________________________________________________

43. How do you cope with anxiety positively in your daily life? (In about 40 words)

_____________________________________________________________

第二節(jié)(20分)

44.

假設你是紅星中學高三(1)班班長李華。近期你班計劃開展“信息安全教育”的主題班會，請你給你班交換生Jim寫一封電子郵件，內容包括：

1.班會目的及活動安排；

2.請他參加并在會后發(fā)表感想。

注意：1.詞數100左右；

2.開頭和結尾已給出，不計入總詞數。

提示詞語：information curity

Dear Jim,

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours,

Li Hua

參考答案

第一部分：知識運用(共兩節(jié)，30分)

第一節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，共15分)

閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題紙上將該項涂黑。

【答案】1. C 2. A 3. D 4. B 5. B 6. A 7. D 8. A 9. C 10. D

【解析】

【導語】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了疫情期間，一對男女因為陽臺音樂會而相愛的故事。

【1題詳解】

考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：埃達·法里娜和馬爾科·科倫坡是在晚上6點的陽臺音樂會中相遇的，這是一場旨在鼓舞社區(qū)的常規(guī)音樂會。A. greeted歡迎；B. recognized認出；C. spotted發(fā)現；D. monitored監(jiān)視；監(jiān)聽。分析文章可知，埃達·法里娜和馬爾科·科倫坡本身是不認識的兩人，是因為陽臺音樂會才發(fā)現了彼此。故選C。

【2題詳解】

考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：埃達·法里娜和馬爾科·科倫坡是在晚上6點的陽臺音樂會中相遇的，這是一場旨在鼓舞社區(qū)的常規(guī)音樂會。A. balcony陽臺；B. charity慈善機構；C. folk家人；D. square廣場。下文提到“Edda initially noticed Marco when she stepped outside to his violin 3 on his balcony.（埃達最初注意到馬可是在她走到陽臺上聽他演奏小提琴的時候。）”由此判斷，兩人最初相識的地方是在各自的陽臺上。故選A。

【3題詳解】

考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：埃達最初注意到馬可是在她走到陽臺上聽他演奏小提琴的時候。A. studio錄音室； B. talent天才； C. practice練習； D. performance表演。前文提到“one of the regular 6:00 pm 2

concerts designed to cheer up the community.（這是一場旨在鼓舞社區(qū)的常規(guī)音樂會。）”由此判斷，陽臺音樂會指的是在陽臺上進行音樂表演。故選D。

【4題詳解】

考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：兩人不停地發(fā)信息，直到有一天，馬可做了一面大橫幅掛在他的大樓的頂層，上面寫著埃達的名字，以表達他對她的愛。A. consulting咨詢；B. messaging發(fā)信息；C. dating約會；D.

visiting拜訪。前文提到“Marco, who also fell in love at first sight, tracked Edda down on social media.

（馬可也對埃達一見鐘情，他在社交媒體上找到了愛達。）”且因為疫情的原因居家隔離，因此兩人只能通過互聯網發(fā)送消息進行聯系。故選B。

【5題詳解】

考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：兩人不停地發(fā)信息，直到有一天，馬可做了一面大橫幅掛在他的大樓的頂層，上面寫著埃達的名字，以表達他對她的愛。A. ek尋找；B. declare宣布；聲明；C. share分享；D. win贏得。前文提到“Marco made a big banner to hang from the top floor of his building with Edda’s name on it（馬可

做了一面大橫幅掛在他的大樓的頂層，上面寫著埃達的名字）”由此判斷，馬可通過在樓頂掛橫幅的行動在現實世界里公開表達了對埃達的愛。故選B。

【6題詳解】

考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：隨著今年5月禁令的解除，他們在一個公園里進行了第一次約會。A. lifted解除；撤銷； B. announced宣布； C. introduced介紹； D. rejected拒絕。前文提到“They then had their first

date in a park（他們在一個公園里進行了第一次約會）”能在公園里約會說明居家隔離的禁令解除了。故選A。

【7題詳解】

考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：事實證明，這對夫婦大半生都住在同一個街區(qū)，但直到一場全球大流行才讓他們終于走到了一起。A. caud造成；引起； B. derved值得，應受; C. needed需要; D. took花費；遭受。分析句子可知，此處是It takes do sth.，意為“做……需要付出……（代價）”。故選D。

【8題詳解】

考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：也許這對夫婦在封鎖期間可以互相依靠的事實意味著他們在見面之前已經建立了一個堅實的基礎。A. sound堅實的； B. material物質的； C. fresh新鮮的； D. basic基礎的。后文提到“We are considering a wedding ceremony on the large roof of my apartment building（我們正在考慮在我公寓大樓的大屋頂上舉行婚禮）”由此判斷，之前在現實世界中互不認識的兩人，在封鎖期間因為陽臺音樂會而相識，并且在網上互相聯系上彼此最終走向婚姻的殿堂，證明他們在結婚前應該打下了堅實的認知基礎。故選A。

【9題詳解】

考查動詞詞組辨析。句意：我們正在考慮在我公寓大樓的大屋頂舉行婚禮，這是有意義的，因為我們是在陽臺上認識的。A. work out解決；實現； B. take effect生效；起作用； C. make n有意義； D. pay off付清；取得成功。后文提到“

we met on our balconies（我們是在陽臺上認識的）”由此判斷兩人因為在陽臺相識而選擇在屋頂舉行婚禮應該是一件非常有意義的事。故選C。

【10題詳解】

考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：終于，一個陽臺上的愛情故事圓滿結束了——這是莎士比亞自己都沒有預料到的!A. understood理解； B. adopted收養(yǎng)；采納； C. edited編輯；校訂； D. anticipated預料。文章第一段提到“A couple in Italy who met at a nightly balcony concert during the coronavirus lockdown are becoming a

modern-day Romeo and Juliet in the same city where Shakespeare’s story of unfortunate lovers took place.（意大利一對情侶在冠狀病毒封鎖期間在一場夜間陽臺音樂會上相遇，在莎士比亞不幸的戀人故事發(fā)生的同一座城市，他們正在成為現代版的羅密歐與朱麗葉。）”原本是莎士比亞筆下愛情悲劇發(fā)生的地方，但是在疫情期間卻上演了一場愛情的美好結局，這是莎士比亞自己都無法預料的事情。故選D。

第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，共15分)

【答案】11. continuously

12. was removed

13. on##over##upon

【解析】

【導語】這是一篇記敘文。主要講述了查爾斯·狄更斯的人生經歷故事。

【11題詳解】

考查副詞。句意：他的父親一直入不敷出，1824年因債務被囚禁在馬紹爾西。由副詞修飾動詞可知，此處為副詞continuously修飾動詞短語live beyond his means。故填continuously。

【12題詳解】

考查動詞。句意：12歲的查爾斯被勒令退學，被送到一家擦鞋廠工作，每周掙6先令，以貼補家用。分析句子可知，此處為謂語動詞的填入，由and連接的nt可知，此處為動詞一般過去時，結合句意可知，主語Charles和動詞remove為被動關系，故為一般過去時的被動語態(tài)結構。故填was removed。

【13題詳解】

考查介詞。句意：童年的貧困和被遺棄感對狄更斯后來對社會改革的看法以及他通過小說所創(chuàng)造的世界產生了重大影響。be an influence on/over/upon“是對……方面產生影響”為固定短語，故此處為介詞on/over/upon的填入。故填on/over/upon。

【答案】14. relead

15. have rin

16. buying

【解析】

【導語】這是一篇說明文。在過去，農業(yè)被認為是鄉(xiāng)村魅力的一部分。但現在，農場已經來到了混凝土叢林，甚至可以在高高的陽臺上找到它們。據中國某電子商務平臺最近發(fā)布的一份報告顯示，今年第一季度天貓蔬菜種子銷量較去年同期翻了一番。自去年4月以來，營養(yǎng)土和園藝工具等產品的銷量增長了三倍。在所有購買農具和種子的人中，大多數是95后。

【14題詳解】

考查非謂語動詞。句意：據中國某電子商務平臺最近發(fā)布的一份報告顯示，今年第一季度天貓蔬菜種子銷量較去年同期翻了一番。分析句子結構可知relea與邏輯主語report構成被動關系，故用過去分詞作定語。故填relead。

【15題詳解】

考查時態(tài)。句意：自去年4月以來，營養(yǎng)土和園藝工具等產品的銷量增長了三倍。根據后文since last April可知應用現在完成時，主語為Sales of products，助動詞用have。故填have rin。

【16題詳解】

考查非謂語動詞。句意：在所有購買農具和種子的人中，大多數是95后。分析句子結構可知buy與邏輯主語people構成主動關系，故用現在分詞作定語。故填buying。

【答案】17. influences

18. what 19. when##if

20. capability##capabilities

【解析】

【導語】這是一篇說明文。人們如何看待自己的能力影響著他們如何學習和成長。心態(tài)固定的人認為他們的

才能和品質是預先決定的，是不變的。這種固定的思維模式會導致人們逃避挑戰(zhàn)，對他人的成功感到威脅，對道德上的不當行為充耳不聞。相反，受成長思維驅動的人更相信自己的能力可以得到發(fā)展，從而更有動力接受挑戰(zhàn)并對批評做出良好回應。

【17題詳解】

考查時態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：人們如何看待自己的能力影響著他們如何學習和成長。根據上文think可知為一般現在時，主語為How people think about their competence，謂語用第三人稱單數形式。故填influences。

【18題詳解】

考查賓語從句。句意：因此，他們很容易對自己能做什么和不能做什么采取限制性的信念。引導賓語從句，從句中缺少賓語，指事物應用what。故填what。

【19題詳解】

考查狀語從句。句意：這種固定的心態(tài)會導致人們回避挑戰(zhàn)，對他人的成功感到威脅，并在出現道德不當行為時（如果存在道德上的不當行為）置若罔聞。此處可理解為時間狀語從句，即當有不當行為出現時，表示“當……時候”用when；或條件狀語從句，即如果有不當行為，表示“如果”用if。故填when/if。

【20題詳解】

考查名詞。句意：相反，受成長思維驅動的人更相信自己的能力可以得到發(fā)展，從而更有動力接受挑戰(zhàn)并對批評做出良好回應。作從句主語應用名詞capability，該詞即可以是可數名詞，也可以是不可數名詞；作可數名詞時，結合上文their用復數形式。故填capability/capabilities。

第二部分：閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，38分)

第一節(jié)(共14小題;每小題2分，共28分)

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題紙上將該

項涂黑。

【答案】21. C 22. D 23. C

【解析】

【導語】這是一篇記敘文。主要講述了主人公妮婭通過一次在交易會上的表現，成功地克服了與他人交流的恐懼，建立了通技巧和信心，出色地完成了工作的項目。

【21題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據第二段中“But Nia wanted to take steps to find a job and support herlf. She finally took a

deep breath and decided to give it a shot.”（但妮婭想找份工作養(yǎng)活自己。她終于深吸了一口氣，決定試一試。）可知，她想找工作的愿望是讓她最終決定嘗試這個計劃的。故選C項。

【22題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據第五段中“Nia’s confidence grew with every interaction. By the end of the day, she was

beaming. “I was so impresd by Nia. She really loved explaining to customers how to fire ceramic,” said Kate.”（每和妮婭交流一次，她的信心就增加一次。那天結束時，她滿臉笑容。“妮婭給我留下了深刻的印象。她非常喜歡向顧客解釋如何燒制陶瓷。”凱特說。）可知，這次交易會改變了妮婭的生活，因為她在互動

中獲得了自信。故選D項。

【23題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據最后一段中“With continued support from staff to build communication skills and confidence,

Nia completed the Tile Project with flying colors.”（在工作人員的持續(xù)支持下，妮婭建立了溝通技巧和信心，出色地完成了瓷磚項目。）故可推知，關于妮婭，我們知道她最終成功地完成了這個項目。ABD選項與原文實意不符。故選C項。

【答案】24. D 25. C 26. A 27. B

【解析】

【分析】本文是一篇應用文。文章介紹了四個提供在線烹飪課程的學校，旨在幫助忙碌但好奇的家庭廚師做出最佳購買決定。

【24題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據NYT部分“For tho with specific dietary preferences, you can easily find what you’re

looking for by lecting categories like dairy–free, low-carb, high fiber and more.（對于那些有特定飲食偏好的人，你可以通過選擇無乳制品、低碳水化合物、高纖維等類別輕松找到你想要的食物。）”可知，NYT最有可能吸引素食者。故選D。

【25題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據Kitchn部分“The tone of Kitchn is light, playful, and fun, but still professional and very

informative.（Kitchn語氣輕快、俏皮、有趣，但仍然很專業(yè)，信息量很大。）”不能推斷出Kitchn以其專業(yè)和信息豐富的風格而聞名。故A項說法錯誤；根據Udemy部分“With over 183,000 online cours

available, Udemy offers a variety of cooking cours taught by instructors around the country.（Udemy擁有超過183000門在線課程，提供由全國各地的教師教授的各種烹飪課程。）”可知，B項中“worldwide

instructors” 說法錯誤；根據Rouxbe部分“Widely recognized as the leading online cooking school among

industry professionals,（Rouxbe被公認為行業(yè)專業(yè)人士中領先的在線烹飪學校，）”可知，C項“Rouxbe受到行業(yè)專業(yè)人士的高度評價。”說法正確；根據NYT部分“For tho with specific dietary preferences, you

can easily find what you’re looking for by lecting categories like dairy–free, low-carb, high fiber and more.（對于那些有特定飲食偏好的人，你可以通過選擇無乳制品、低碳水化合物、高纖維等類別輕松找到你想要的食物。）” 不能推斷出NYT針對有特定飲食偏好的人。故D項說法錯誤。故選C。

【26題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據Kitchn部分“Kitchn Cooking School offers an online cour that…”、Udemy部分“With

over 183,000 online cours available…”、Rouxbe部分“Widely recognized as the leading online cooking

school…”以及NYT部分“NYT is recognized for its food ction and offers a large lection of instructional

cooking videos online for all skill levels.”可知，這四所學校的共同之處是都提供在線課程。故選A。

【27題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據第一段的“It is our mission to help busy but curious home cooks make the best purcha

decisions. Now compile our informative lists below.(我們的使命是幫助忙碌但好奇的家庭廚師做出最佳的購買的

決定。現在編織了下面的信息名單。)”以及文中Kitchn、Udemy、Rouxbe和NYT是四所提供在線烹飪課程的學校。本文的寫作目的是推薦這四所學校，以幫助那些忙碌但好奇的家庭廚師做出最佳購買決定。故選B。

【答案】28. A 29. A 30. D

【解析】

【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了探索是科學最基本的形式——提出自然世界的問題，我們希望用這些問題的答案來改善地球上的一切。文章論述了探索地球的重要作用和意義。

【28題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據第三段“Exploration has great value. It inspires us, widens our knowledge and gives us hope

for a better future. And the practical payoffs can even be lifesaving. Scientists who spent decades exploring what

was in the atmosphere found that over time the concentration of carbon dioxide was rising. Without that discovery,

we humans would now be living like the proverbial frog in a pot of gradually heating water, unsure why the

environment around us is changing, and slowly boiling to death.(探索有很大的價值。它激勵我們，擴大我們的知識，給我們一個更好的未來的希望。而實際的回報甚至可以挽救生命。科學家們花了幾十年的時間探索大氣中的物質，發(fā)現隨著時間的推移，二氧化碳的濃度在上升。如果沒有這一發(fā)現，我們人類現在就會像諺語所說的青蛙一樣生活在逐漸加熱的鍋里，不確定我們周圍的環(huán)境為什么會發(fā)生變化，然后慢慢地沸騰而死)”可推知，第三段中的“諺語青蛙”的例子被用來說明全球變暖的影響。故選A。

【29題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據第四段“The human drive to overcome challenges is an esntial aspect of the human drive to

explore, which, in most cas, spurs innovation. Early human submersibles that reached the bottom of the deepest

ocean trenches made the trip just once, stresd by the enormous pressures there. But eventually a more stress-resistant deep-submergence vehicle, the Limiting Factor, allowed investor and undera explorer Victor Vescovo to

reach trench bottoms numerous times.(人類克服挑戰(zhàn)的動力是人類探索動力的一個重要方面，在大多數情況下，探索動力會刺激創(chuàng)新。早期的人類潛水器到達最深的海溝底部，在巨大的壓力下只進行了一次。但最終，一種更耐壓力的深海潛水器——“限制因子”，讓投資者和海底探險家維克多·維斯科沃得以多次到達海溝底部)”可知，人類克服挑戰(zhàn)的欲望導致了創(chuàng)新。故選A。

【30題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據第三段“Exploration has great value. It inspires us, widens our knowledge and gives us hope

for a better future. And the practical payoffs can even be lifesaving.(探索有很大的價值。它激勵我們，擴大我們的知識，給我們一個更好的未來的希望。而實際的回報甚至可以挽救生命)”；第四段中“The human drive

to overcome challenges is an esntial aspect of the human drive to explore, which, in most cas, spurs

innovation.(人類克服挑戰(zhàn)的動力是人類探索動力的一個重要方面，在大多數情況下，探索動力會刺激創(chuàng)新)”以及最后一段中“We still have plenty to discover right here on Earth, and we eagerly await surpris from

the newest worlds we find. (我們在地球上還有很多東西要發(fā)現，我們熱切地等待著來自我們發(fā)現的最新世界的驚喜)”可推知，探索地球仍然是富有成效的。故選D。

【答案】31. B 32. D 33. C 34. B

【解析】

【導語】這是一篇說明文。對植物來說，香味是與昆蟲和其他動物互動的一種方式。它們對人的吸引力完全是偶然發(fā)生的。文章主要說明了植物是如何通過香味來保護自己以及繁殖的。

【31題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據第二段中“If an inct chews through the leaves of some Burra plants, out shoots a sticky,

smelly liquid to trap it. Coyote tobacco plants are even more crafty: upon nsing the smell of hungry caterpillars,

they produce volatiles that attract predators to kill the pests.(如果一只昆蟲咬穿了一些Burra植物的葉子，就會噴出一種粘性的、有臭味的液體來困住它。土狼煙草植物甚至更狡猾：一旦嗅到饑餓毛蟲的氣味，它們就會產生揮發(fā)物，吸引捕食者殺死害蟲)”可推知，作者認同香味是植物保護自己的工具。故選B。

【32題詳解】

詞句猜測題。根據畫線詞后文“to scare off competitors, Arab traders spread a legend about giant eagles that

guarded cinnamon”可知，為了嚇跑競爭對手，阿拉伯商人傳播了一個關于守護肉桂的巨鷹的傳說，可見有些香料非常珍貴，讓商人通過傳說來嚇跑競爭對手。故畫線詞意思是“寶貴的”。故選D。

【33題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據第三段“What is truly amazing is just how wily plants can be in using their scents for

reproduction. White flowers often emit their scent at night to attract nocturnal pollinators such as moths. They

produce a dilute nectar (稀釋的花蜜) that encourages moths to keep moving, rather than linger at a single bloom—all the better to increa pollination. Other flowers change their fragrance after being successfully pollinated, as a

signal for incts to go elwhere.(真正令人驚奇的是植物在利用它們的氣味進行繁殖時是多么的狡猾。白花通常在夜間散發(fā)氣味，以吸引夜間傳粉者，如飛蛾。它們產生稀釋的花蜜，鼓勵飛蛾不斷移動，而不是停留在一個單一的花期，這更好地增加授粉。其他花朵在成功授粉后會改變它們的香味，作為昆蟲轉移到其他地方的信號)”可知，植物利用香味來吸引和趕走傳粉者。故選C。

【34題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據第一段“Humans have long gained pleasure from the smells of the natural world. For the most

part, though, human beings are not their target market. For plants, fragrances are a way to interact with incts and

other animals. Their attraction for people happens simply by chance.(長期以來，人類一直從自然界的氣味中獲得快樂。不過，在大多數情況下，人類并不是它們的目標市場。對植物來說，香味是與昆蟲和其他動物互動的一種方式。它們對人的吸引力完全是偶然發(fā)生的)”結合文章主要說明了植物是如何通過香味來保護自己以及繁殖的。可知，B選項“香味背后的聰明機智”最符合文章標題。故選B。

第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2分，共10分)

根據短文內容，從短文后的七個選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題紙上將該項涂黑。選項中有兩項為多余選項。

【答案】35. B 36. D 37. E 38. G 39. A

【解析】

【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了社會學概念中文化的各種形式以及內容。

【35題詳解】

前文提到“It is important for shaping social relationships, maintaining and challenging social order, determining

how we make n of the world and our place in it, and in shaping our everyday actions and experiences in

society.（它對塑造社會關系、維護和挑戰(zhàn)社會秩序、決定我們如何理解世界和我們在其中的地位、塑造我們在社會中的日常行為和經驗都很重要。）”，后文提到“In brief, sociologists define the non–material

aspects of culture as the values and beliefs, language, communication and practices that are shared in common by a

group of people.（簡而言之，社會學家將文化的非物質方面定義為一群人共有的價值觀、信仰、語言、交流和實踐。）”社會學家提到了文化在非物質方面表現為價值觀、信仰、語言等，由此可知文化在社會學表現為物質和非物質方面。B項“It is compod of both non-material and material things.”（它由非物質的和物質的東西組成。）該項可作為第一段的段尾句同時引起第二段關于文化兩個方面的內容，起到承上啟下的作用。故選B。

【36題詳解】

后文提到“It informs and is encapsulated in how we walk, sit, carry our bodies and interact with others; how we

behave depending on the place, time and “audience”; and how we express identities of race, class and gender,

among others.

（它體現在我們走路、坐著、抬著身體以及與他人互動的方式中；我們的行為取決于地點、時間和“觀眾”；以及我們如何表達種族、階級和性別等身份。）”由此判斷，人們的一些行為也是根據文化本身而進行的。D項“Culture is also what we do and how we behave and perform.”（文化也是我們所做的以及我們的行為和表現。）該項提到的“行為和表現”對應后文中出現的“走路、坐著、互動方式”等，起到承上啟下的作用。故選D。

【37題詳解】

第三段第二句提到“This aspect of culture includes a wide variety of things, from buildings, technological

gadgets and clothing, to film, music, literature and art, among others.（這方面的文化包括各種各樣的東西，從建筑、科技產品和服裝，到電影、音樂、文學和藝術等等。）”能通過建筑、科技等方式體現的文化指的是文化的物質方面，E項“Material culture is compod of the things that humans make and u.”（物質文化是由人類制造和使用的東西組成的。）該項提到的“由人類制造和使用的東西”指的是后文中提到的“建筑、科技產品、服裝”等。由此判斷該項起到引起后文的作用。故選E。

【38題詳解】

前文提到“Material culture emerges from and is shaped by the non-material aspects of culture.（物質文化產生于文化的非物質方面，并受其塑造。）”文化的物質和非物質方面是相互影響的，尤其是非物質方面會影響物質方面，G項“In other words, what we value, believe and know influences the things that we make.”（換句話說，我們所重視的、相信的和知道的影響著我們所做的事情）由此判斷，該項中提到的“what we value,

believe and know

”（我們所重視的、相信的和知道的）即為文化的非物質方面，該項起到承上啟下的作用，故選G。

【39題詳解】

前文提到“

a powerful documentary film might change people’s attitudes and beliefs.”（一部好的紀錄片可能會改變人的態(tài)度和信仰），且后文提到“What has come before in terms of music, film, television and art, for

example, influences the values, beliefs and expectations of tho who interact with them, which then, in turn,

influence the creation of additional cultural products.”（例如，之前在音樂、電影、電視和藝術方面出現的東西影響著與之互動的人的價值觀、信仰和期望，而這些價值觀、信仰和期望又反過來影響著其他文化產品的創(chuàng)造。）音樂、電影、電視等方面出現的都是屬于文化產品，而價值觀、信仰和期望又會對文化產品的創(chuàng)造產生影響。由此判斷文化產品的產生也是受一定價值觀、信仰等方面的影響。A項“This is why

cultural products tend to follow patterns.”（這就是為什么文化產品傾向于遵循模式。）起到承上啟下的作用，符合文意。故選A。

第三部分：書面表達(共兩節(jié)，32分)

【答案】40. Becau we don’t understand how to respond constructively to anxiety.

41. It prompts one’s mind and body into action and it helps him/her to stay sharp and focud in the interview,

prepared to pursue his/her goals.

42. Rearch has shown that dopamine soars when an experience is pleasurable, but it is in lower levels when we are

anxious.

Becau dopamine is in higher levels when we are anxious.

43. We should develop a good mindt about this misunderstood emotion and try to u it in the right way in our daily

life, which can help us get rid of it gradually.

【解析】

【導語】本文是篇說明文。焦慮已成為現在社會普遍存在的一種現象，人們將它視為糟糕的情緒。文章講述了焦慮形成的原因、優(yōu)缺點及如何應對焦慮的方法。

【40題詳解】

考查細節(jié)理解。根據第二段“The problem is that we don’t understand how to respond constructively to anxiety.

That’s why it’s increasingly hard to know how to feel good.

”（問題是我們不知道如何建設性地應對焦慮。這就是為什么越來越難知道如何感覺良好。）可知，我們越來越不知道怎樣感到快樂的原因是我們不知道如何建設性地去應對焦慮。故答案為：Becau we don’t understand how to respond constructively to anxiety.

【41題詳解】

考查細節(jié)理解。根據第四段“Anxiety prompts your mind and body into action. Your worries force you to

prepare thoroughly for the interview, while your heart races and pumps blood to your brain so that you stay sharp

and focud, prepared to pursue your goals.”（焦慮促使你的思想和身體付諸行動。你的擔憂迫使你為面試做了充分的準備，你會心跳加速、大腦充血，這樣你就會保持敏銳和專注，為達成目標做好充分準備。）可知，焦慮會促使人的思想和身體付諸行動，幫助他/她在面試中保持敏銳和專注、實現目標。故答案為：It prompts one’s mind and body into action and it helps him/her to stay sharp and focud in the interview,

prepared to pursue his/her goals.

【42題詳解】

考查細節(jié)理解。根據第五段“Rearch has also shown something that many scientists didn’t expect: higher

levels of dopamine (多巴胺) when we’re anxious.”（研究也顯示了某些科學家們沒想到的結果：當我們焦慮時，多巴胺水平更高。）可知，“but it is in lower levels when we are anxious”這一部分是錯誤的，按題目要

求劃線；原因就是根據文章的描述，研究所得結果是：當我們焦慮時，多巴胺水平更高。故答案為：Rearch has shown that dopamine soars when an experience is pleasurable, but it is in lower levels when we are

anxious. Becau dopamine is in higher levels when we are anxious.

【43題詳解】

考查開放答題。根據最后一段“We have come to believe that the best way to cope is to get rid of it.

”（我們要相信最后的應對辦法就是擺脫它。）和“We need to develop a new mindt about this misunderstood

emotion.”（我們需要對這種讓人誤解的情緒有一個新的心態(tài)。）及“We don’t need to like anxiety—just to

u it in the right way.”（我們不需要喜歡焦慮——只是用正確的方式使用它。）可以推測，在日常生活中，我們應該有一個良好的心態(tài)來看待焦慮，正確使用它，爭取逐漸擺脫它。故答案為：We should develop a

good mindt about this misunderstood emotion and try to u it in the right way in our daily life, which can help us

get rid of it gradually.

第二節(jié)(20分)

44.

【答案】

Dear Jim

How are you doing? Our class is going to hold a class meeting recently, who theme is “Information Security

Education”. I’m writing to share some details with you and invite you to take part in it.

With the increasing popularity of Internet, the curity of it is becoming more and more important, especially for

us students. Raising the awareness of information curity and learning how to u the Internet safely are the purpo

of our class meeting, which will be held at 2:00 pm this Friday in our classroom. To begin with, we’ll be provided

with some videos to learn about what curity problems and threats are and how they do harm to us. In addition, the

teacher will instruct us what measures we can take to protect our information curity. Last but not least, all the

students and teachers involved in the meeting can communicate with each other about their own thoughts. We would

appreciate it very much if you can join in the meeting and express your idea after it.

Looking forward to your participation.

Yours,

Li Hua

【解析】

【導語】本篇書面表達屬于應用文。要求考生給交換生Jim寫封郵件，告訴他有關近期要開展的“信息安全教育”主題班會的相關信息和安排，邀請他參加并在會后發(fā)表感想。

【詳解】1.

詞匯積累

安全：curity→safety

參加：take part in→join in

目的：purpo→aim

對……有害：do →be harmful to ...

此外：in addition→besides

2.

句式拓展

,

同義句轉化

原句：Our class is going to hold a class meeting recently, who theme is “Information Security Education”.

拓展句：Our class is going to hold a class meeting recently with the theme of “Information Security Education”.

【點睛】【高分句型1】 Raising the awareness of information curity and learning how to u the Internet safely

are the purpo of our class meeting, which will be held at 2:00pm this Friday in our classroom.

（運用了動名詞作主語；以how引導的賓語從句和以which

引導的非限制性定語從句）

【高分句型2】To begin with, we’ll be provided with some videos to learn about what curity problems and

threats are and how they do harm to us.

（運用了what和how引導的賓語從句）