孔子語錄系列的中英文對照

2024年1月4日發(作者：跳大繩的作文)

孔子語錄系列的中英文對照

一． 為人處世

君子不以言舉人，不以人廢言。The superior man does not promote a man simply

on account of his words， not does he put aside good words becau of the

man.

工欲善其事，必先利其器。A craftsman who wishes to do his work well must

first sharpen his tools.

君子和而不同，小人同而不合。The superior man aims at harmony but not at

uniformity。 The mean man aims at uniformity but not at harmony.

欲速則不達,見小利則大事不成。If you have things done hastily, you will

not reach the goal。 If you only e small gains, you will not accomplish

great tasks。

其身正，不令而行;其身不正，雖令不從。When a ruler’s personal conduct is

correct， he will be obeyed without the issuing of orders。 If his personal

conduct is not correct， he may issue orders， but they will not be

followed.

歲寒，然后知松柏之后凋也.Only when the year becomes cold do we know how

the pine and the cypress are the last to fade。

見義不為，無勇也.To e what is right and not to do it is want of courage。

見賢思齊焉，見不賢而內自省也。When we e men of worth， we should think

of equalling them； when we e men of a contrary character, we should

turn inwards and examine ourlves.

君子欲訥于言，而敏于行.The superior man wishes to be slow in his speech

and earnest in his conduct.

三軍可奪師也，匹夫不可奪志也。The commander of the forces of a large state

may be carried off, but the will of even a common man cannot be taken from

him.

知者不惑,仁者不憂，勇者不懼。The wi are free from perplexities; the

virtuous from anxiety; and the bold from fear。

克己復禮為仁.一日克己復禮，天下歸仁焉。為仁由己，而由人乎哉。To subdue

one’s lf and return to propriety， is perfect virtue。 If a man can

for one day subdue himlf and return to propriety， all under heaven will

ascribe perfect virtue to him。 Is the practice of perfect virtue from

a man himlf, or is it from others?

君子敬而無失，與人恭而有禮。四海之內，皆兄弟也，君子何患乎無兄弟也。Let

the superior man never fail reverentially to order his own conduct， and

let him be respectful to others and obrvant of propriety：—- then all

within the whole country will be his brothers。 What has the superior man

to do with being distresd becau he has no brothers？

君子成人之美，不成人之惡，小人反是。The superior man eks to perfect the

admirable qualities of men， and does not ek to perfect their bad

qualities. The mean man does the opposite of this.

何以報德?以直報怨，以德報德。With what then will you recompen kindness？

Recompen injury with justice， and recompen kindness with kindness.

巧言亂德。小不忍，則亂大謀。Specious words confound virtue. Want of

forbearance in small matters confounds great plans.

道不同，不相為謀。Tho who cours are different cannot lay plans for

one another。

二．為政以德

君君，臣臣，父父,子子。There is government, when the prince is prince，

and the minister is minister; when the father is father， and the son is

son。

子為政,焉用殺;子欲善，而民善矣。君子之德風,小人之德草，草上之風必偃。In carrying on your government， why should you u killing at all？ Let

your evinced desires be for what is good， and the people will be good.

The relation between superiors and inferiors, is like that between the

wind and the grass。 The grass must bend， when the wind blows across it.

舉直錯諸枉，能使枉者直.Employ the upright and put aside all the crooked；-— in this way the crooked can be made to be upright.

先有司，赦小過,舉賢才。Employ various officers， pardon small faults, and

rai to office men of virtue and talents。.

名不正,則言不順；言不順,則事不成；事不成，則禮樂不興；禮樂不興，則刑罰不中；刑罰不中，則民無所措手足。If names be not correct, language is not

in accordance with the truth of things. If language be not in accordance

with the truth of things， affairs cannot be carried on to success。 When

affairs cannot be carried on to success, proprieties and music will not

flourish。 When proprieties and music do not flourish， punishments will

not be properly awarded。 When punishments are not properly awarded， the

people do not know how to move hand or foot.

如有王者，必世而后仁。If a truly royal ruler were to ari， it would still

require a generation， and then virtue would prevail.

行己有恥，使于四方，不辱君命,可謂士矣.He who in his conduct of himlf

maintains a n of shame， and when nt to any quarter will not disgrace

his prince's commission, derves to be called an officer。

以不教民戰,是謂棄之。To lead an uninstructed people to war， is to throw

them away。

不在其位，不謀其政.He who is not in any particular office， has nothing

to do with plans for the administration of its duties.

上好禮，則民易使也。When rulers love to obrve the rules of propriety,

the people respond readily to the calls on them for rvice。

聞有國有家者，不患寡，而患不均，不患貧，而患不安。蓋均無貧，和無寡，安無傾。I have heard that rulers of States and chiefs of families are not

troubled lest their people should be few, but are troubled lest they should

not keep their veral places; that they are not troubled with fears of

poverty, but are troubled with fears of a want of contented repo among

the people in their veral places. For when the people keep their veral

places, there will be no poverty； when harmony prevails, there will be

no scarcity of people； and when there is such a contented repo， there

will be no rebellious upttings.

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三． 人生態度

性相近也,習相遠也。By nature， men are nearly alike； by practice， they

get to be wide apart.

過而不改，是謂過矣。Not to mend the fault one has made is to err indeed.

己所不欲,勿施于人.What you do not want done to yourlf, do not do to

others.

言必信,行必果。Keep what you say and carry out what you do。

君子以文會友，以友輔仁。The superior man on grounds of culture meets with

his friends， and by their friendship helps his virtue.

三軍可奪師也,匹夫不可奪志也.The commander of the forces of a large State

may be carried off， but the will of even a common man cannot be taken

from him。

后生可畏，焉知來者之不如今也?A youth is to be regarded with respect。 How

do you know that his future will not be equal to our prent?

有朋自遠方來，不亦樂乎？ Is it not delightful to have friends coming from

distant quarters？

人不知而不慍，不亦君子乎？Is he not a man of complete virtue, who feels

no discomposure though men may take no note of him？

父在,觀其志。父沒，觀其行。三年無改于父之道，可謂孝矣。While a man's father

is alive， look at the bent of his will; when his father is dead, look

at his conduct. If for three years he does not alter from the way of his

father, he may be called filial。

不患人之不己知，患不知人也。I will not be afflicted at men's not knowing

me； I will be afflicted that I do not know men。

詩三百，一言以蔽之，曰：思無邪.In the Book of Poetry are three hundred

pieces, but the design of them all may be embraced in one ntence-—

"Having no depraved thoughts.”

關睢樂而不淫，哀而不傷。The Kwan Tsu is expressive of enjoyment without

being licentious， and of grief without being hurtfully excessive。

父母在,不遠游，游必有方。While his parents are alive， the son may not

go abroad to a distance。 If he does go abroad, he must have a fixed place

to which he goes.

德不孤，必有鄰。Virtue is not left to stand alone. He who practis it

will have neighbors。

吾十有五而志于學，三十而立,四十而不惑,五十而知天命，六十而耳順，七十而從心所欲，不逾矩. At fifteen I t my heart upon learning。 At thirty，

I planted my feet firm upon the ground. At forty, I no longer suffered

from perplexities。 At fifty, I knew what were the biddings of Heaven.

At sixty, I heard them with docile ear. At venty， I could follow the

dictates of my own heart; for what I desired no longer overstepped the

boundaries of right。

賢哉回也！一簞食，一瓢飲，在陋巷，人不堪其憂，回也不改其樂。賢哉回也!

Incomparable indeed was Hui！ A handful of rice to eat, a gourdful of water

to drink, living in a mean street. Others would have found it unendurably

depressing， but to Hui's cheerfulness it made no difference at all。

Incomparable indeed was Hui.

知者樂水，仁者樂山。知者動,仁者靜。知者樂，仁者壽。The wi find pleasure

in water； the virtuous find pleasure in hills。 The wi are active; the

virtuous are tranquil。 The wi are joyful; the virtuous are long-lived.

逝者如斯夫，不舍晝夜.It pass on just like this, not ceasing day or night！

食不厭精,膾不厭細。He did not dislike to have his rice finely cleaned，

nor to have his minced meat cut quite small。

非禮勿視，非禮勿聽，非禮勿言，非禮勿動。Look not at what is contrary to

propriety； listen not to what is contrary to propriety； speak not what

is contrary to propriety； make no movement which is contrary to propriety。

人無遠慮,必有近憂。If a man take no thought about what is distant， he

will find sorrow near at hand。

君子有三戒。少之時，血氣未定,戒之在色.及其壯也,血氣方剛，戒之在斗。及其老也，血氣既衰，戒之在得。There are three things which the superior man

guards against. In youth, when the physical powers， are not yet ttled，

he guards against lust. When he is strong and the physical powers are full

of vigor, he guards against quarrelsomeness。 When he is old， and the

animal powers are decayed, he guards against covetousness。

唯女子與小人,為難養也。近之則不孫，遠之則怨。Of all people， girls and

rvants are the most difficult to behave to。 If you are familiar with

them， they lo their humility. If you maintain a rerve towards them,

they are discontented.

四． 求知求學

有教無類.In teaching there should be no distinction of class.

當仁,不讓于師。When it comes to benevolence， one need not give precedence

even to his teacher.

學而時習之，不亦說乎? Is it not pleasant to learn with a constant

perverance and application?

溫故而知新，可以為師矣.If a man keeps cherishing his old knowledge， so

as continually to be acquiring new, he may be a teacher of others。

學而不思則罔，思而不學則殆。Learning without thought is labour lost；

thought without learning is perilous.

敏而好學，不恥下問.He was of an active nature and yet fond of learning，

and he was not ashamed to ask and learn of his inferiors.

十室之邑，必有忠信，如丘者焉,不如丘之好學也.In a hamlet of ten families，

there may be found one honourable and sincere as I am, but not so fond

of learning。

知之者，不如好之者，好之者，不如樂之者。They who know the truth are not

equal to tho who love it, and they who love it are not equal to tho

who delight in it.

默而識之，學而不厭，誨人不倦，何有于我哉。The silent treasuring up of

knowledge； learning without satiety； and instructing others without

being wearied —- which one of the things belongs to me?

我非生而知之者，好古，敏以求之者也。I am not one who was born in the

posssion of knowledge； I am one who is fond of antiquity， and earnest

in eking it there.

三人行，必有我師焉。擇其善者而從之，其不善者而改之。When I walk along with

two others, they may rve me as my teachers. I will lect their good

qualities and follow them, their bad qualities and avoid them.

學如不及，猶恐失之。Learn as if you could not reach your object， and were

always fearing also lest you 。