英語國際音標表

2024年2月17日發(作者：香砂枳術丸)

國際音標

★ 國際音標共48個，由20個元音和28個輔音組成。

元 音（20個）

長元音 /ɑ:/

短元音 / ?/

雙元音 /e?/

輕輔音

濁輔音

輕輔音

濁輔音

鼻音

半元音

邊音

/??/

/p/

/b/

/?/

/?/

/m/

/ j/

/ ?/

/?:/ / ?:/ /i:/

/?/

/u:/

/?/

/e?/

/θ/

/e/

/tr/

/dr/

/s/

/z/

[ ? ]

/e/ /?/ /?:/ /?/

/a?/

/??/

/ t/

/d/

/ h/

/ r/

/n/

/ w/

/??/ /??/

/a?/

/ k/

/g/

/ts/

/dz/

/?/

/f/

/v/

/t?/

/d?/

輔音（28個）

★

基本拼讀規則：

①輔音和后鄰元音相拼，若元音在前、輔音在后則各發各的音。/buk/ /eg/

②鼻音 /n/ 后有元音拼發“呢”音；和前鄰元音或輔音拼時發“嗯”音；有時可發兩次音，如和前鄰元音拼后再和后鄰元音拼。/n??z/ /pen/ /ten?s/

③舌側音 /l/和后鄰元音拼發“勒”音；后元音拼發“哦”音，可和前鄰輔音拼。/la?k/ /b?:l/ /'pensl/

④半元音 /w/ /j/通常先和后面的元音拼，再把整個音和前面的輔音拼。/kw?lt/

/'d?blju:/

⑤同一音節中，輔音/s/后的清輔音發相應的濁輔音,如：/p/就發/b/, /t/發/d/. /sp?:t/ /sku:l/ /ske?t/

英 語 國 際 音 標 練 習

一、請練習拼讀下列音標。

/i:/ bee/bi:/ feet/fi:t/ keep/ki:p/ key/ki:/ team/ti:m/ meet/mi:t/

/?/ it /?t/ is/?z/ big/b?g/ give/g?v/ sick/s?k/ him/h?m/ city/′s?t?/

/e/ egg /eg/ bed/bed/ get/get/ best/best/ help/help/ text/tekst/

/?/ bag/b?g/ fat/f?t/ have/h?v/ cat/k?t/ black/bl?k/ hat/h?t/

/a:/ laugh/la:f/ glass/gla:s/ half/ha:f/ farm/fa:m/ park/pa:k/

/ ? / dog/d?g/ pot/p?t/ cost/k?st/ what/w?t/ honest/′?nist/

/ ?:/ hor/h?: s/ saw/s?:/ corn/k?:n/ cour/k?:s/ salt/s?:t/

/?/ book/b?k/ put/p?t/ good/g?d/ would/w?d/ could/k?d/

/u:/ food/fu:d/ moon/mu:n/ rule/ru:l/ loo/lu:s/ noon/nu:n/

/ ? / cup/k?p/ must/m?st/ come/k?m/ does/d?z/ money/′m?n?/

ugly/′?gl?/

/?:/ her/h?:/ nur/n?:s/ bird/b?:d/ burn/b?:n/ turn/t?:n/ girl/g?:l/

/? / better/′bet?/ never/′nev?/ worker/′w?:k?/ welcome/′welk?m/

/e?/ lake/le?k/ may/me?/ name/ne?m/ game/ge?m/ eight/e?t/ age/e?d?/

/a?/ eye/a?/ time/ta?m/ buy/ba?/ right/ra?t/ bike/ba?k/ kite/ka?t/

/??/ boy/b??/ toy/t??/ noi/n??z/ voice/v??s/ point/p??nt/ coin/k??n/

/??/ no/n??/ home/h??m/ hope/h??p/ wrote/r??t/ note/n??t/

po/p??z/

/a?/ now/na?/ out/a?t/ how/ha?/ about/ ?′ba?t/ south/sa?θ/

/??/ ear/??/ near/n??/ idea/a?′d??/ hear/h??/ mere/m??/ spear/sp??/

/e?/ air/e?/ tear/te?/ care/ke?/ dare/de?/ fair/fe?/ there/ee?/

/??/ tour/t??/ poor/p??/ sure/???/ moor/m??/(停泊)

/p/ pea/pi:/ pie/pa?/ top/t?p/ cap/k?p/ people/′pi:pl/

pride/pra?d/

/b/ bee/bi:/ by/ba?/ bus/b?s/ black/bl?k/ bear/be?/

basket/′ba:sk?t/

/t/ let/let/ sat/s?t/ feet/fi:t/ team/ti:m/ tide/ta?d/ teacher/′ti:t??/

/d/ led/led/ sad/s?d/ feed/fi:d/ do/du:/ dear/d??/ read/ri:d/

/k/ lack/l?k/ take/te?k/ clock/kl?k/ class/kla:s/

weekend/′wi:kend/

/g/ big/b?g/ leg/leg/ glass/gla:s/ gum/g?m/ good/gud/

guest/gest/

/f/ face/fe?s/ fast/fa:st/ leaf/li:f/ surf/s?:f/ favorite/′fe?v?r?t/

/v/ very/′ver?/ five/fa?v/ fever/′fi:v?/ rve/s?:v/ never/′nev?/

/s/ face/fe?s/ mou/ma?s/ cakes/ke?ks/ say/?/ stops/st?ps/

/z/ zoo/zu:/ clo/kl??z/ keys/ki:z/ boys/b??z/ halves/ha:vz/

/θ/ bath/ba:θ/ thick/θ?k/ mouth/mauθ/ breath/breθ/ truth/tru:θ/

/e/ the/ e?/ they/ee?/ that/e?t/ mother/′m?e?/ thus/ e?s/

then/een/

/?/ she/?i:/ sharp/?a:p/ fish/f??/ shock/??k/ shoe/?u:/

brush/br??/

/?/ pleasure/′ple??/ measure/′me??/ television/′tel?v???n/

/t?/ catch/k?t?/ cheep/t?i:p/ rich/r?t?/ watch/w?t?/ child/t?a?ld/

/d?/ orange/′?r?nd?/ large/la:d?/ juice/d?u:s/ job/d??b/

/tr/ tree/tri:/ try/tra?/ true/tru:/ track/tr?k/ trouble/′tr?bl/

/dr/ dry/dra?/ dream/dri:m/ dress/dres/ drink/dr??k/

hundred/′h?ndr?d/

/ts/ let′s/lets/ sports/sp?:ts/ puts/puts/ writes/ra?ts/ ats/si:ts/

/dz/ hands/h?ndz/ birds/b?:dz/ friends/frendz/ beds/bedz/

reads/ri:dz/

/m/ my/ma?/ more/m?:/ em/si:m/ meat/mi:t/ mind/ma?nd/

/n/ nice/na?s/ wind/w?nd/ mind/ma?nd/ rain/re?n/ fine/fa?n/

/?/ sing/s??/ wing/w??/ ring/r??/ long/l??/ uncle/′??kl/

/h/ he/ hi:/ hard/ha:d/ him/h?m/ heard/h?:d/ half/ha:f/

what/w?t/

/l/ like/la?k/ late/le?t/ learn/l?:n/ lead/li:d/ light/la?t/ ball/b?: l/

/r/ red/red/ road/r??d/ write/ra?t/ wrong/r??/ problem/′pr?bl?m/

/w/ work/w?:k/ way/we?/ well/wel/ twelve/twelv/ twin/tw?n/

/j/ you/ju:/ few/fju:/ yard/ja:d/ music/′mju:z?k/ student/′stju:dnt/

二、讓我們觀察音標和單詞字母之間有什么對應關系吧。

1./i:/ /?/ /e/ /?/

/b?t/ /wi:k/ /di:l/ /r??l/ /k?d/ /d?g/ /kw?k/ /t?p/ /z?p/ /w?l/

/f?l/

bit week deal real kid dig quick tip zip will

fill

/pet/ /p?k/ /g?p/ /n?g/ /r?m/ /b?tl/ /d/ /′h?p?/ /ten/

/red/

pet pack gap nag ram battle said happy ten

red

/′tl/ /tr??/ /di′pend/

ttle trash depend

2./a:/ / ?:/ /? / /u:/ /?/

/a:sk/ /ma:sk/ /pa:st/ /fra:ns/ /?d/ /l?:n/ /n?:t/ /p?:z/ /f?ks/

/s?k/

ask mask past France odd lawn naught pau fox

sock

/fa:/ /la:d? / /ma:k/ /l?:d/ /st?:m/ /p?t/ /kr?p/ /θ?t/

/'pr?m?s/

far large mark Lord storm pot crop thought

promi

/h?k/ /lu:s/ /s?t/ /t?k/ /m?d/ /θru:/ /p?l/ /w?d/

hook loo soot took mood through pull wood

3./?/ /?/ /?:/

/b?z/ /d?l/ /′h?r?/ /g?lf/ /′tr?bl/ /?:n/ /s?:f/ /′t?:n?/

/′beg?/

buss dull hurry gulf trouble earn surf turner

begger

/k?:b/ /?′mer?k / /′s?k?/ /′k?mp?/ /s?′ve?/ /p?′ve?d/

/p?′h?ps/

curb America soccer camper survey pervade

perhaps

4./e?/ /??/ /a?/ /a?/ /??/

/gre?t/ /me?n/ /pr?'p??z/ /′m????n/ /st??n/ /′??v?/

/sa?t/

great main propo motion stone over

sight

/ra?m/ /da?t/ /′ta?p?st/ /a?st/ /m??st/ /′??st?/

rhyme doubt typist oust moist oyster

5./??/ /e?/ /??/

/?′fe?/ /de?/ /ske?/ /b??n/ /g??d/ /′r??r?l/ /?′p??/

/k?′l?mb??/

affair dare scare bourn gourd rural appear

Colombia

/m?′t??r??l/ /m?s′t??r??s/

material mysterious

6./θ/ /e/

/m?nθ/ /θi:f/ /e?t/ /e?n/ /fe?θ/ /t?′gee?/ /θ??k/

month thief that than faith together thank

三、試試自己拼讀下列音標，如果你已會拼讀，說明你過關了。加油！

Unit 1

day / de?/ at school /?t sku:l/ all / ?:l / a lot of /? l?t ?v/ room /

ru:m / any / en? / hou / ha?s / flower /fla?? / first /f?:st/

term /t?:m/ back /b?k/ sure /???/ each other /i:t? '?e?/

building /'b?ld??/ toilet /'t??l?t/ garden /'gɑ:dn/

reading room/'ri:d?? ru:m/ table tennis/'te?bl ten?s/

Unit 2

lesson/'lesn/ sing /s??/ song /s??/ dance /dɑ:ns/ play /ple?/

learn/l?:n/ make /me?k/ put /p?t/ him /h?m/ music /'mju:zik/

have /h?v/ start/stɑ: t/ listen /'l?sn/ follow /'f?l??/

swing/sw??/ skate /ske?t/ model/'m?dl/ together/t?'gee?/

Unit 3

street /stri:t/ live /l?v/ bedroom /'bedr?m/ study /'st?d?/

under /'?d?/ large /lɑ:d?/ behind /b?'ha?nd/ door/d?:/

parents /'pe?r?nts/ world /w?:ld/ sofa /'s??f?/

telephone /'tel?f??n/ bathroom /'bɑ: θr?m/ kitchen /'k?t??n/

Unit 4

family /'f?m?l?/ thing /θ??/ need /ni:d/ hor /h?:s/ pig

/p?g/ work /w ?:k/ evening /'i:vn??/ with /w?e/ mask /mɑ:sk/

va /vɑ:z/ tomorrow /t?'m?r??/ el /els/ change / t?e?nd?/

chicken /'t??k?n/

duck /d?k/ cook/k?k/ Saturday/'s?t?de?;'s?t?d?/ Sunday/'s?nde?;

's?nd?/

Unit 5

morning /'m?:n??/ home /h??m/ help /help/ maths /m?θs/

sleep /sli:p/ jump /d??mp/ walk /w?:k/ home / h??m/

ride/ra?d/ ring /r??/ sweep/swi:p/ floor/fl?:/ find/fa?nd/

wash/w?∫/ stand /st?nd/

clothes /kl??ez/ homework /'h??mw?:k/ houwork

/'ha?sw?:k/

animal/'?n?m?l/ lantern /'l?nt?n/ pumpkin /'p?mpk?n/

Unit 6

boy [b?i]男孩 girl [ɡ?:l] 女孩 mother[?m?e?]母親 father[?fɑ:e?]父親

grandpa [?ɡr?npɑ:]爺爺（口語） grandma ）[?ɡr?nmɑ:]奶奶（口語)

grandmother[?ɡr?nd?m?e?] 祖母 grandfather[?ɡr?nd?fɑ:e?]祖父

uncle [???kl] 叔叔 aunt [ɑ:nt]阿姨 sister [?s?st?]姐妹

brother 兄、弟[?br?e?] son[s?n] 兒子 daughter['d?:t?] 女兒

Mr s.[?m?s?z] 夫人 Ms[m?z]女士 Mr [?m?st?]先生 Miss[m?s]小姐

Unit 7

animal [??n?m?l]動物 panda [?p?nd?]熊貓 monkey [?m??k?]猴子

dog [d?ɡ] 狗 cat [k?t]貓 bird [b?:d]鳥 bee [bi:]蜜蜂 bear [be?]熊

hor [h?:s]馬 pig [p?ɡ]豬 duck [d?k]鴨子 rabbit [?r?b?t]兔子

tiger [?ta?ɡ?] 老虎 lion [?la??n]獅子 fox [f?ks]狐貍 wolf[wulf]狼

cow [kau] 奶牛 chick [t??k]小雞 cock [k?k]公雞 hen [hen]母雞

Unit 8

one [w?n] 一 two [tu:]二 three [θri:] 三 four [f?:]四

five [fa?v]五 six [s?ks]六 ven [?vn]七 eight [e?t]八

nine [na?n]九 ten [ten]十 eleven [??levn]十一 twelve [twelv]十二

thirteen [?θ?:?ti:n]十三 fourteen 十四[?f?:?ti:n] fifteen [?f?f?ti:n]十五

sixteen [s?k?sti:n]十六 venteen[?vn?ti:n]十七 eighteen[?e??ti:n]十八nineteen [?na?n?ti:n]十九 twenty [?twent?]二十 twenty-one二十一

thirty [?θ?:t?]三十 forty[?f?:t?]四十 fifty [?f?ft?]五十

sixty [?s?kst?]六十 venty [?vnt?]七十 eighty [?e?t?]八十

ninety[?na?nt?]九十 one hundred[w?n][?h?ndr?d]一百

Unit 9

rice [ra?s]米飯 meat [mi:t]肉 noodles [?nu:dlz]面條 fish [f??]魚

chocolate [?t??k?l?t]巧克力 egg [eɡ]蛋 vegetable [?ved??t?bl]蔬菜

carrot [?k?r?t]胡蘿卜 bread [bred]面包 orange [??r?nd?]桔子

milk [m?lk]牛奶 tea [ti:]茶 coffee [?k?f?]咖啡 cake [ke?k]蛋糕

candy [?k?nd?]糖果 cookie [?kuk?]餅干 hot dog [h?t][d?ɡ]熱狗

lemon [?lem?n]檸檬 pear [pe?]梨 peach [pi:t?]桃子 apple [??pl]蘋果

banana [b??nɑ:n?]香蕉 breakfast [?brekf?st]早餐 lunch [l?nt?]午飯

supper [?s?p?]晚飯 dinner [?d?n?]晚飯，正餐