郭著章、李慶生《英漢互譯實用教程》(第3版)課后習題及詳解

郭著章、李慶?《英漢互譯實?教程》（第3版）課后習

題及詳解-第3、4章【圣才出品】

第3章翻譯常?的?種技巧

?、翻譯下列各段。注意翻譯術語的適當運?，尤其是有關翻譯技巧的定義

1. There are in the main eight techniques and principles in translation, either from English into Chine or from Chine into

English. They are: diction, amplification, omission, conversion, inversion, negation, division and repetition.

【答案】不管是英譯漢還是漢譯英，主要有?條翻譯技巧(和原則)，即選詞?字法，增譯法，減譯法，詞類轉移法，詞序調整

法，正說反譯法、反說正譯法，分譯法和重譯法。

2. By “diction” we mean proper “choice of words” in translation on the bas is of accurate comprehension of the original.

【答案】所謂“選詞?字法”，就是在正確理解原?的基礎上適當地選擇詞語。

3. Repetition is uful chiefly for clearness, which is of cour the first quality to be acquired in a discour. Secondly, words

are repeated also for the sake of emphasis or force, which is another important quality in expression. Lastly, repetition will

give life to the discour and make it more attractive.

【答案】重譯法之所以有?，第?是它可使譯?明確(明確是衡量語?質量的第?個標準)；第?是為了強調，使語?有?(這是

衡量語?質量的另?重要標準)；第三是為了使譯??動形象，引??勝。

4. By amplification we mean supplying necessary words in our translation work to

make the version correct and clear, to make it appear more like the language translated into. Words thus supplied must be

indispensable either syntactically or mantically.

【答案】增譯法意味著為使譯?正確、清楚和更為地道?增?必要的詞語，所增之詞不論是在句法上或詞義上都必不可少。

5. As a matter of principle, a translator is not suppod to add any meaning to or subtract any meaning from the original work.

However, this does not mean that a translator should refrain from supplying the necessary words to make his version both

accurate in meaning and in keeping with the usage of the language to be translated into.

【答案】按原則，譯者不能對原?的意思任意增減，但這不是說為了使譯?忠實?地道不準譯者增加必要的詞語。

6. Nothing shows greater difference in syntax between English and Chine than the omission of words in the ntence.

What is considered necessary, indispensable, and even a characteristic feature in one language may be deemed uless,

superfluous, and even a stumbling block in another.

【答案】英漢兩種語?在句法上最?的差別莫過于各?在詞語的省略上的不同：在?種語??被認為是必要的、必不可少的，

8. By inversion in translation we mean that the constituent elements of a ntence are arranged in a way different from the

general rules of word order of the language in question. Each language has its own peculiarities in word order. The natural

order in English may mean the inverted order in Chine. Put it more clearly, inversion, as one of the translation techniques,

means the necessary or even inevitable change of word-order in a ntence according to the usage of the language to be

translated into. This change of word-order is necessary becau, first of all, each language has its own natural word order

and its own peculiarities in word order, condly, inversion, as a stylistic device, is often ud for emphasis. 【答案】翻譯中

的詞序調整法是指譯?的詞序可以不同于原?句?成分的安排。任何語?都

有其詞序特點。英語中的?然語序可能譯成漢語的倒裝語序。明確地說，詞序調整法作為?種翻譯技巧，是指根據語?習慣在

翻譯中對詞序加以改變。這?改變之所以必要或必不可少，?先是因為每種語?都有其詞序特點，其次是可以作為?種修辭?

段，達到強調的?的。

9. There is another peculiar negative construction in English in which negation is applied to only a part of the persons or the

things mentioned in the subject. The word order of partial negation in English is quite different from Chine expression. A

?、翻譯下列各句。注意理解原?