化訓練 Unit 4 Reading and Thinking—Comprehending學案

2023年12月24日發(作者：four的序數詞是什么)

Just becau you are in a wheelchair doesn’t mean you can’t enjoy the competitiveness

—the all-around fun that playing sports offers and more wheelchair urs are playing

sports every day—some even on a professional following information is just a few

examples of what gaming opportunities you have.

Wheelchair basketball is a very common wheelchair was started over forty years ago

as a medical recovering program，and over the years has grown wheelchair

basketball is a professional sport that offers more than 180 teams across the United order

to play wheelchair basketball，it is esntial to have a lightweight l sports

wheelchairs are on the market today just for sports enthusiasts.

Another wheelchair sport，quad rugby，was specifically designed for quadriplegics(四肢癱瘓者) who are unable to play wheelchair is a mixture of wheelchair basketball and

ice play the game you must have two teams of four players player is

classified bad on impairment(損傷)．

Power soccer is another fun wheelchair sport that can be very fun and s in

power soccer must have an electric teams have two 30-minute halves to push the

soccer ball over the other team’s goal first team to reach the other team’s goal line

most frequently wins.

And finally，bad on the sport you choo to participate in，there are veral wheelchair

sports accessories available for you，including belts and harness，gloves，bags for carrying

items，drink holders and special back supports.

靚句運用于寫作

①I’m writing to inform you of what you should do before the game.(2019·全國Ⅱ，書面表達)

②Rooted in the Tang Dynasty，the poems have attracted a lot of people.

(2017·全國Ⅰ，書面表達)

②①

Period One Reading and Thinking—Comprehending

品句猜詞——請預讀下列課文原句，并猜測句中加黑詞匯的意思。

1．At the age of 19，I am fit and full of vigour.精力；力量；活力

2．However，when I applied to join the expedition，Shackleton turned me down becau he

thought I was too young and wasn’t qualified.拒絕 符合資格

3．He assigned me to be a steward，and I now rve meals for twenty-eight men，three times a day.

分派；布置；分配

4．How everyone will envy me when I come back and tell them about the amazing places I have

been to！羨慕；妒忌

5．And when the ship sank，our hearts sank with it.下沉

6．Their genuine concern for others，their perverance，and their resolve fill me with hope.

真誠的 毅力 決心

Step 1 Fast-reading

1．What does the passage mainly tell us?

A．Perce Blackborow admired Shackleton very much.

B．Shackleton took Perce Blackborow to the ship.

C．Perce Blackborow’s diary about the great expedition.

D．Perce Blackborow misd his mother very much.

答案 C

the passage and judge whether the following statements are true(T) or fal(F)．

(1)Perce Blackborow went aboard the Endurance in cret.(T)

(2)Blackborow was discovered the day when he went aboard.(F)

(3)The crew felt hopeless when the ship became stuck in the ice.(T)

(4)There were many visitors at Elephant Island.(F)

(5)There were a lot of plants at Elephant Island.(F)

Step 2 Careful-reading

Read the passage carefully and choo the best answer.

1．When Perce Blackborow was assigned to be a steward at first，he was .

A．angry and disappointed

B．satisfied and excited

C．hopeless and disappointed

D．worried and angry

答案 B

2．Why did Shackleton allow Husy to keep his banjo?

A．Becau the banjo was valuable.

B．Becau Shackleton liked the banjo.

C．Becau Husy could play it to keep their spirits up.

D．Becau the banjo was small.

答案 C

3．Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?

A．While they were at Elephant Island，they fed on a al or a penguin.

B．Shackleton left Elephant Island for help by himlf.

C．Frank was the kindest man of all the crew.

D．Thomas Orde-Lees was a little lfish and bad-tempered.

答案 C

4．We can learn from the passage that Ernest Shackleton was .

A．strong-minded and lfless

B．strong-minded but lfish

C．greedy and cruel

D．stubborn and lfish

答案 A

Step 3 Post-reading

After reading the passage，plea fill in the following blanks.

An expedition to the South Pole with the great Sir Ernest Shackleton—this is the adventure

that I been dreaming(dream) r, I applied to join the expedition，Shackleton turned me down becau he thought I was too young and wasn’t ied

(qualify)，so I cretly went aboard his ship，the I discovered(discover) and

Shackleton had to assign me to be 5.a journey wasn’t very easy，for Endurance was

stuck in the ice as we approached when the ship sank，our hearts sank with it.

Before we abandoned the ship，Shackleton (calm) told us to rescue our most esntial

supplies and he f(he) threw away all his allowed Husy to keep his

banjo, made us had been struggling for days，but things were going from bad

to after we arrived at Elephant Island，Shackleton left us to find mes we

were able to catch a al or a penguin to eat.I tried to think of r(happy) things.I was

grateful，for Frank and Ernest’s genuine concern for others，their perverance，and their resolve

filled me hope.

Step 4 Sentence-learning

1．However，when I applied to join the expedition，Shackleton turned me down becau he thought

I was too young and wasn’t qualified.

[句式分析] 該句為復合句。Shackleton turned me down是主句；when引導時間狀語從句；becau引導原因狀語從句；在原因狀語從句中，he thought是主句；I was too young and

wasn’t qualified是賓語從句。

[自主翻譯] 但是，我申請加入這次探險時，沙克爾頓拒絕了我，因為他認為我太年輕，不夠資格。

2．But I was so enthusiastic about the idea of going along with them that I cretly went aboard his

ship，the Endurance，and hid in a small cupboard.

[句式分析] 該句為復合句。so...如此……以至于……，引導結果狀語從句。

[自主翻譯] 但是我對和他們一起去的想法那么熱衷，以至于我偷偷上了他的船——“堅忍”號，藏在一個小壁櫥里。

3．Soon after we arrived，Shackleton left us to find help on South Georgia Island,1,320 kilometres

away—the voyage was too dangerous and difficult for all of us to make it in our small boats.

[句式分析] 此句是復合句。soon after引導時間狀語從句；Shackleton left us to find help是主句；破折號表示解釋說明；意為“太……而不能……”。

[自主翻譯] 我們到達后不久，沙克爾頓就離開我們去1 320公里外的南喬治亞島尋求幫助了，那趟旅行非常危險、非常艱難，我們乘著小船是無法到達的。

Ⅰ.閱讀理解

A

Just a couple of hours ago，I was on the plane，ready to fly home from flight had

been delayed by a few hours so it felt good to be so clo to takeoff.I had my iPod in place and a

new book to ，over the loudspeaker came the pilot’s voice：“The ground crew has

found a metal instrument in one regret that we must cancel this flight.”

The pasngers’ reactions that announcement led to were man clo to me

began to argue with a flight attendant.A couple in another row complained loudly.A businessman

in a black suit actually kicked the at in front of some pasngers responded differently.

An elderly gentleman smiled as he helped others take their bags down from the overhead

compartments(行李廂)．A teenager，rather than trying to rush off the plane like most of the other

pasngers，stopped to help a woman with a lady sitting next to me laughed and

said，“Hey，it’s not the end of the world，” before she made a call to her kids and shared her

adventure with wist among us have a remarkable ability to maintain grounded when

times get tough.

No life is perfect；mine certainly isn’ all must face challenges，both large and small.

You and I have the power to choo to ri above the external always have the

choice to be strong and kind when things fall apart.

That’s grace under atmate was right—things could have been so much wor.

Anyway，I am safe.I have my health.I have two wonderful children.I have work I love and so

much to be grateful I now have to wait a few hours to catch the next flight home.

語篇解讀 作者在本文中講述了乘務員宣布航班取消時乘客們的不同反應，表達了在應對人生中的挑戰和挫折時的正確態度。

1．What caud the pasngers’ different reactions?

A．The loudspeaker.

B．The delay of the flight.

C．The ground crew’s fault.

D．The pilot’s announcement.

答案 D

解析 細節理解題。根據第二段第一句“The pasngers’ reactions that announcement led to

were interesting.”可知，是乘務員的通知導致人們的不同反應。故選D。

2．Who turned his anger on the at?

A．The teenager helping the disabled.

B．The old man taking bags down.

C．The man in a dark suit.

D．The man clo to the author.

答案 C

解析 細節理解題。根據第二段第四句“A businessman in a black suit actually kicked the at

in front of him.”可知，一個穿黑色西服的商人把怒氣發泄到座位上。故選C。

3．What did the woman sitting next to the author doA．She assisted a disabled woman.

B．She made a phone call to her family.

C．She helped others carry their luggage.

?

D．She told moving stories to her children.

答案 B

解析 細節理解題。根據第二段中的“The lady sitting next to me laughed and said，‘Hey，it’s not the end of the world，’ before she made a call to her kids and shared her adventure with

them.”可知答案。

4．What can we learn from the story?

A．Our life is full of ups and downs.

B．It is natural to be scared under pressure.

C．We should help each other in times of difficulty.

D．We should be positive and calm when life is hard.

答案 D

解析 推理判斷題。根據最后兩段可知，作者認為，在面對生活中的挫折和困難時，應該保持樂觀和冷靜的心態。故選D。

B

No one can deny that LeBron James gets paid a lot of money—but no one can deny that he

hasn’t earned it ’s broken the records of greats like Michael Jordan and Magic

’s a talent.

Professional athletes like LeBron give their lives to their sport—to training，traveling，and

pushing themlves to the while their lives may em glamorous，think about this:

Athletes face injuries that can be not only career-ending but also life- fact，many

retired athletes have long-term health problems becau of how hard they push on their bodies.

Retired New York Jets player Wesley Walker said that he suffered so much pain as a result of

playing football that today he can hardly open a water bottle.

The toll (代價) a professional athlete’s career takes on his or her body means more than a

lifetime of pain (and medical bills); it also means a short es need to pay the price that

will carry them past the 5 to 15 years they are able to play.

Without the show-stopping performances of stars like Serena Williams and Stephen Curry，many jobs wouldn’t reporters，stadium workers，cheerleaders，and coaches are

among tho who can thank the professional sports industry for their employment.

It may em unfair that athletes get paid to play a game，but remember who they are really

playing for: ’re the ones who fill stadiums in rain and snow to watch their games，who

crowd around the television to cheer them on，and who feel immeasurable joy when our team

wins.

The work of professional athletes certainly pays off for n’t it pay off for them

too?

語篇解讀 本文是議論文。文章論述了職業運動員值得獲得高額薪酬的原因。

5．What does the underlined word “glamorous” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?

A．Difficult.

C．Attractive.

答案 C

解析 詞義猜測題。根據第二段中畫線詞所在句可知，雖然運動員的生活看起來很“吸引人”，但是運動帶給他們的傷痛不僅會終止他們的職業生涯還會改變他們的人生。故選C。

6．Which of the following may the author agree with?

A．Professional athletes have no idea about their limits.

B．Injuries are a problem for professional athletes.

C．Retired professional athletes are badly treated.

D．Professional athletes’ careers are short.

答案 B

解析 細節理解題。根據第二段中的“many retired athletes have long-term health

he can hardly open a water bottle”及第三段中的“The toll(代價) a professional

athlete’s career takes on his or her body means more than a lifetime of pain(and medical bills)”可知，很多職業運動員都會受到傷病的困擾。

7．What is the author’s attitude to athletes’ high salaries?

A．Doubtful.

C．Supportive.

答案 C

解析 觀點態度題。根據第三段中的“Athletes need to pay the price that will carry them past

the 5 to 15 years they are able to play”以及第四、五段的內容可知，職業運動員忍受著傷痛并要為巨額的醫療費買單，此外他們也帶動了體育行業的發展，為很多人提供了就業機會，因此作者認為職業運動員應該得到高額的薪酬。

8．What is the best title for the text?

A．The Most Impressive Athletes

B．You Can’t Put a Price on Talent

C．You Shouldn’t Push Athletes Hard

D．Salaries in the Professional Sports Industry

答案 B

解析 標題歸納題。根據文中作者對職業運動員該得到高額薪酬的論述及最后一段的內容可知，人們不能給天才定價，他們的付出是無價的。

B．Surprid.

D．Unconcerned.

B．Tiresome.

D．Organized.

C

People tend to accept groups standards of behavior and thinking in a group

illustrations(例證) could be given of this from everyday life，but what is of particular interest to

psychologists is how much people’s judgments and opinions can be changed as a result of group

and others noticed that people in a group will agree to statements that are contrary

to the evidence of their would be a mistake to think that only particular changeable

people are chon to take part in experiments of this y highly intelligent and

independent people are ud.

In a typical experiment，this is what may experimenter asks for volunteers to join

a group which is investigating visual participants are not，therefore，aware of the real

purpo of the volunteer is taken to a room where he finds a group of about

ven people who are cooperating with the group is shown a standard card

which contains a single are then asked to look at a cond has three lines on

is obviously longer than the line on the first is shorter and one the same

have to say which line on the cond card is the same length as the line on the

standard other members of the group answer first but what the volunteer does not know

is that they have been told to pick one of the wrong his turn comes，he is faced with

the consistent opinion of the rest of the group—all the others have chon line A，but he quite

clearly es line B as correct.

What will he do? According to Asch，more than half of the victims chon will change their

is equally surprising is that，when interviewed about their answers，most explained

that they knew the group choice was incorrect but that they yielded to the pressure of the group

becau they thought they must be suffering from an optical illusion(視覺假象)，or becau they

were afraid of being different.

語篇解讀 本文是一篇說明文，心理學家通過實驗發現團體壓力對個人的判斷有很大的影響，很多人會迫于團體壓力而改變自己的觀點。

9．The psychologists are especially interested in .

A．the evidence of the experiment

B．the changes in the attitudes of people

C．the difference in people’s behavior

D．the degree of changes of people’s opinions

答案 D

解析 細節理解題。根據第一段中“...but what is of particular interest to psychologists is how

much people’s judgments and opinions can be changed as a result of group pressure.”可知，心理學家對人們觀點的變化程度特別感興趣，故選D項。

10．Why more than half of the victims changed their opinions in the experiment?

A．Becau they had been told about the answer.

B．Becau they thought the group choice was correct.

C．Becau they submitted to the group pressure.

D．Becau their eyes were suffering from illusion.

答案 C

解析 細節理解題。根據第三段中“...most explained that they knew the group choice was

incorrect but that they yielded to the pressure of the group.”可知，超過一半的受害者改變了觀點是因為他們屈服于團體壓力，故選C項。

11．The purpo of the author in writing this passage is to .

A．illustrate the influence of group pressure on individuals

B．encourage people to act against any groups opinion

C．invite more volunteers to join in Asch’s experiment

D．tell the readers how to perform psychological experiment

答案 A

解析 寫作意圖題。通讀全文可知，本文介紹了實驗證明人們會因為屈服于群體的壓力而改變自己的觀點和判斷，由此可知，作者寫這篇文章就是為了證明團體壓力對個人的影響，故選A項。

Ⅱ.七選五

The Night the Titanic Sank

From a high place on the ship，Fred Fleet，who worked on the Titanic，saw the iceberg(冰山) just a few hundred metres rang the bell to warn the people driving the ship. 1

Soon after that，one pasnger，Major Peuchen，noticed that the ship wasn’t straight in the water.

But nobody listened to him.

2 Another ship—the Californian was about 30 kilometres north of the the

Californian saw the iceberg，it also nt a radio message to warn other ships in the

about 11：15 pm，the Californian’s radio operator turned off the radio，and went to bed.

The Titanic nt a message back giving its position—wrongly！ 3

Soon after midnight，the crew of the Californian saw rockets going up into the sky from the

captain said，“Fireworks！ 4 ” The radio wasn’t turned on again，and the

Californian didn’t 0：25 am on the Titanic，people began to get into the lifeboats.

At 2：20 am on April 15th the Titanic finally r ship，the Carpathia，heard the

Titanic’s last call for help. 5 At 4∶10 am，the Carpathia saw the Titanic’s lifeboats

floating on the dark water，and rescued the ，the Californian turned the radio back

on，and heard that the Titanic had sunk.

A．The accident happened at about 11∶40 pm.

B．Everyone was very proud of the Titanic.

C．The pasngers of the Titanic are having a party.

D．It was 58 miles away，but it raced to help the ship.

E．But it was travelling too fast to stop，and it hit the iceberg.

F．Before the accident，the Titanic had received an ice warning.

G．A lot of people stayed on the ship instead of trying to escape.

語篇解讀 本文是一篇記敘文。泰坦尼克號沉船事件是迄今為止最著名的一次海難，本文講述了這次沉船事件的過程。

1．答案 E

解析 上文提到“泰坦尼克號上的船員發現了冰山”，下文提到“船在水中已經傾斜了”，E項“但它航速過快無法停止，結果撞上了冰山”承上啟下，符合語境。

2．答案 F

解析 下文提到“加利福尼亞號看到冰山后曾發出無線電信號，警告這片海域中的其他輪船”，故F項“泰坦尼克號在撞擊冰山前收到過冰情警報”符合語境。

3．答案 A

解析 上文提到“加利福尼亞號關閉無線電的時間是11∶15 pm，之后泰坦尼克號發出了錯誤的位置信息”，下一段中則提到“人們開始登上救生船的時間是0∶25 am”，故此處說明的應是“撞擊冰山事故發生的時間”，故選A。

4．答案 C

解析 下文提到“加利福尼亞號關閉了無線電，沒有收到求救信號”，所以該船船長看到泰坦尼克號上燃放的煙火，以為他們“正在舉辦晚會”，故選C。

5．答案 D

解析 下文提到“卡帕西亞號援救了許多幸存者”，故D項“雖然兩船相距58英里，但卡帕西亞號急速行駛前往救援”符合語境。