對制定中國能源低碳“十四五”及中長期發展規劃的認識和建議_

2024年4月1日發(作者：不銹鋼型號大全表)

戰略論壇

TRATEGIC FORUM

對制定中國能源低碳“十四五”及中長期

發展規劃的認識和建議

薛立林，肖嵐

( 中油國際中東公司）

摘　要：當前，全球正在采取行動應對氣候變化，世界各國以及石油公司推出多方面的二氧化碳

減排和能源轉型的策略和措施。中國也提出了二氧化碳減排和能源低碳發展目標，采取了相應的措施。

“十四五”及未來較長一段時間，中國碳減排任務十分艱巨，在制定能源低碳“十四五”及中長期發展規

劃時，需要在2060年實現碳中和目標、一次能源結構調整趨勢、煤炭清潔高效利用、發展真正綠色氫能以

及推廣應用碳捕集和封存或者碳捕集利用和封存處置技術方面統一認識。對中國能源低碳發展的建議：一

是推動能源供給革命，推動能源的多元化發展并向低碳化過渡；二是以節能、低碳、電氣化為抓手，推動

能源需求革命；三是推動能源技術革命，把握能源轉型升級的主動權；四是推動能源體制革命，實施碳交

易市場和碳稅相結合的政策，通過碳排放成本引導能源供給和消費升級；五是中國石油公司在保證國家能

源安全的基礎上，綜合利用國內國外兩種資源、兩個市場，積極推動能源低碳轉型。

關鍵詞：“十四五”；低碳發展；能源規劃；氣候變化；碳排放；二氧化碳減排；能源轉型

Understanding and suggestions on formulating low carbon energy strategy

in China’s 14

th

Five Year period and medium-to-long term development plan

XUE Lilin, XIAO Lan

(CNPC International Middle East)

Abstract：The world is currently taking action to combat climate change and all countries in the world and international

oil companies have launched various strategies and measures for carbon emission reduction and energy transition. China has also

propod carbon emission reduction & low carbon energy development goals, and taken corresponding measures. In the 14

th

Five

Year Plan and a long period of time in the future, China should reach connsus on the goal of carbon neutrality by 2060, the trend

of primary energy structure, the clean and efficient u of coal, the development of green hydrogen energy, and the promotion

and application of CCS (carbon capture and storage) or CCUS (carbon capture utilization and storage) technology due to the

completely difficult mission of China’s carbon emission reduction when formulating a low carbon energy strategy for China’s

14

th

Five-Year Plan and medium-long term development plan. It suggests ramping up the energy supply revolution and promoting

the diversified development of energy and transition to low carbon, advancing the energy demand revolution with energy saving,

decarbonization and electrification; facilitating the energy technology revolution and izing the initiative of energy upgrading,

accelerating the energy system revolution, implementing a policy integrating carbon trading market and carbon tax, and guiding

energy supply and consumption upgrading by introducing carbon emission cost, and comprehensively utilizing both domestic

and foreign resources & two markets to actively promote low-carbon energy transformation bad on ensuring national energy

curity.

Key words：the 14

th

Five-Year Plan; low carbon development; energy plan; climate change; carbon emission; carbon

dioxide emission reduction; energy transition

01

Vol.28, No.12

國際石油經濟

INTERNATIONAL PETROLEUM ECONOMICS

2020

進入21世紀以來，面對全球氣候變暖的緊迫

形勢，能源結構向綠色低碳轉型越來越成為世界各

國的普遍共識，風力發電、太陽能發電等可再生能

源呈現蓬勃發展的局面。2020年，突如其來的新冠

肺炎疫情和低油價對油氣行業影響深遠，必將加快

能源的低碳轉型。中國正在制定低碳、綠色發展的

“十四五”及中長期能源發展規劃，將在保證國家

能源安全的同時，為應對全球氣候變化提供中國方

案，做出中國貢獻。

50%

40%

30%

20%

10%

0

19941999

石油

2004

煤炭

核能

20092014

天然氣

可再生能源

2019 年

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