英語人稱代詞、物主代詞、反身代詞講解

2023年12月21日發(作者：假虞滅虢)

英語人稱代詞、物主代詞、反身代詞

英語人稱代詞、物主代詞、反身代詞總表：

人稱代詞

數

人稱

第一人稱

第二人稱

單數

第三人稱

我

你

他

她

它

第一人稱

復數

第二人稱

我們

你們

主格

I

you

he

she

it

we

you

賓格

me

you

him

her

it

us

you

them

形容詞性物主代詞 名詞性物主代詞

my

your

his

her

its

our

your

their

mine

yours

his

hers

its

ours

yours

theirs

反身代詞

mylf

yourlf

himlf

herlf

itlf

ourlves

yourlves

themlves

物主代詞

第三人稱 他們、她們、它們 they

人稱代詞：

要講英語人稱代詞，咱們先要知道什么叫代詞。代詞(pronoun)是指代或替代名詞或名詞詞組的詞類，包括人稱代詞、物主代詞、反身代詞、相互代詞、指示代詞、疑問代詞、關系代詞和不定代詞。

表格（1）

人稱代詞

數

人稱

第一人稱

第二人稱

單

他

數

第三人稱 她

它

復

數

第一人稱

第二人稱

我們

你們

She

It

We

You

her

it

us

you

He him

我

你

主格

I

You

賓格

me

you

第三人稱

表格（2）

他們

They their

人稱

主格

第一人稱

第二人稱

第三人稱

I

you

he

she

it

單數

賓格

me

you

him

her

it

主格

we

you

they

復數

賓格

us

you

them

人稱代詞里的主格放在名首做主語和表語，賓格放在句末或名中做動詞和介詞的賓語。打個比方，主人邀請賓客，主格就像主人，賓格就像賓客。主格在動詞前面，賓格在動詞或介詞后面。

1. 人稱一致

人稱代詞作主語通常要與隨后的動詞保持人稱的一致。例如：

I am a teacher.

You are a student.

He is a doctor.

She is a nur.

It is a computer.

2．數的一致

人稱代詞應與它的先行項在單、復數形式上保持一致。例如：

Jenny is a nur. She works at our school clinic.

Here are a few TV ts for sale. They are all make in Japan.

You, Mike and Andy have finished your work. You can go.

3．性的一致

單數第三人稱代詞有陽性、陰性和中性之分，它們的使用決定于所指對象的自然性別。

John didn’t find us, so he left.

Jane hasn’t been back, so we are waiting for her.

That va is valuable. It is more than 300 years old.

如果是類指，則代詞和物主限定詞可用he/his:

A teacher should offer his students challenging projects.

5．格的選擇

人稱代詞作主語用主格，作賓語用賓格，表示“所有”用屬格。

I teach him Chine.

He teaches me English.

This is my bag, that one is yours.

人稱代詞在介詞之后常用賓格：

I brought some story books for them.

They are talking about me.

Most of us like learning English.

人稱代詞在動詞be之后常用賓格：

Who is it?-It’s me.

If I were him, I would not do that thing.

★ It 可以有許多用法，表示：

a. 某樣東西：Where’s my map? I left it on the table.

b. 抽象事物：You saved my life. I shall never forget it.

c. 不知性別的孩子：What a beautiful baby!—Is it a boy?

d. 某種感覺或情況：Where does it hurt? How is it going with you?

e. 是誰：Who is it(that)?—It’t me.

f. 時間、日期等：What time is it ? –It’s eight o’clock.

g. 天氣、環境：It’s raining.

h. 距離等：How far is it to New York? --It is 800 kilometers.

例句：

1、I 和me.

我是一名學生。 __I___ am a student.

媽媽喜歡我。 Mother likes ___me___.

2、We 和 us.

我們是中國人。 ____We___ are Chine.

父母愛我們。 Parents love __us____.

3、you 人稱代詞最容易記住的。（你能翻譯下列句子嗎？試一試！）

你是一名學生。 You are a student. 我喜歡你。 I love you.

你們是學生。 You are students 我愛你們。 I love you.

4、你能推出she 和 her的位置嗎？

她是一名護士。 __She____ is a nur.

你能幫助她。 You can help _her_____.

5、He和 him

他是我的朋友。____He__ is my friends. (想想用he還是him呢？)

我想和他一起玩。I want to play with ____him__.

6、it 的用法。

-Where is my car?

-___It__ is over there.

指天氣 It is raining outside.

指氣候 It is cold in Harbin.

指時間 -What time is it ?

-It’s six o’clock.

7、they和 them.

______They_ are listening to the radio.

There are some cats, I like _them____ very much.

物主代詞

物主代詞分為形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞：

數 單數 復數

人稱

第一 第二 第三 第一 第二人第三

類別

人稱 人稱 人稱 人稱 稱 人稱

形容詞性物主my your his her its our your their

代詞

名詞性物主代mine yours his hers its ours yours theirs

詞

形容詞性物主代詞(my/your/his/her/its/our/their)+名詞

而名詞性物主代詞(mine/yours/his/hers/its/ours/theirs則相單于形容詞性物主代詞+名詞,故其后不必加名詞。如：

Is this your book?

No，it isn’t, it’s hers.(her book)

The are my books. The books are mine.

This is my cup. Yours is the blue one.

My husband’s father is a doctor. Mine is a lawyer.

★名詞性物主代詞可用于“雙重所有格”結構：

My sister makes friends wherever she goes. Jack is just a friend of hers.

★ Yours 常常寫在信末：

Yours faithfully, yours truly, yours sincerely, yours, yours ever

例句：

你知道形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞的區別嗎？

1、.形容詞性物主代詞起形容詞的作用，用在名詞前。

This is my book. 這是我的書。

We love our motherland. 我們熱愛我們的祖國。

2、名詞性物主代詞起名詞的作用。

Look at the two pencils. The red one is yours and the blue one is mine.

看那兩支鉛筆，紅的是你的，藍的是我的。

He likes my pen. He doesn't like hers.

他喜歡我的鋼筆。不喜歡她的。

3、名詞性物主代詞=形容詞性物主代詞+名詞

反身代詞典型用法例舉

反身代詞在中學英語中的用法極其靈活，搭配頻頻出現，為幫助同學們復習和積累，特將中學英語中出現的反身代詞用法歸納如下：

1． 用以加強語氣，表示親自。

If one wants knowledge of a skill, one must take part in it onelf.

He went there himlf the day before yesterday.

2. 與典型介詞搭配，構成固定短語，表達特定含義。

1) (all) by onelf 單獨地

When I was young, I had to make a living all by mylf.

Would you go there by yourlf?

2) to onelf 獨自享用

When he eats in a restaurant, he likes a table to himlf.

3) for onelf 為自己；獨自

One shouldn’t live for himlf alone.

You must find it out for yourlf.

4) of onelf自動地

The door opened of itlf.

5) between ourlves私下里

Just between ourlves, I don’t think much of him.

6) in onelf本身

The materials in themlves were not poisonous.

7) beside onelf喜怒時發狂

She was beside herlf with joy.

8) by itlf自然地

The machine will start by itlf in a few conds.

3. 與典型動詞搭配，構成固定短語。

1) be not onelf身體不好

I’m not quite mylf today.(I’m unwell.)

2) enjoy onelf玩得很痛快

3) help onelf to sth. 隨便吃

Plea help yourlf to some fish.

4) teach onelf sth.自學

When he was young, he taught himlf advanced mathematics.

5) accustom onelf to 習慣于

He quickly accustomed himlf to this new way of life.

6) devote onelf to致力于

I am determined to devote mylf to the cau of education.

7) adapt onelf to適應

She quickly adapted herlf to the new climate.

8) adjust onelf to調整；適應

The body quickly adjusts itlf to changes in temperature.

9) behave onelf舉止得體

Plea behave yourlves.

10) dress onelf穿衣服

He is too young to dress himlf.

11) at onelf就坐

He ated himlf in the chair and began to read the novel.

12) make onelf heard / understood / en / known / believed讓自己被（別人）聽見/聽懂/看見/認識/相信

He raid his voice to make himlf heard by all.

13) find onelf無意識中發現自己

At last, we found ourlves in a pleasant park with trees providing shade and sat down

to eat our picnic lunch.

14) express onelf清楚表達自己的意思

He is still unable to express himlf in English.

15) talk to onelf自言自語

16) come to onelf 蘇醒